硫氧镁水泥复合固化剂加固淤泥质土的试验研究
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摘要
针对淤泥质软土含水量高、强度低、有机质含量高的特点,以节能、环保的硫氧镁水泥为主固化剂,开展镁质水泥复合固化剂加固淤泥质土的室内试验研究。首先通过分析有机质、含水量及镁质水泥掺量对淤泥质土固化效果的影响,确定硫氧镁水泥固化软土试验的基准配比,再通过双掺试验确定水玻璃、熟料和硅灰作为复合固化剂的外加剂。然后,以固化土的7d无侧限抗压强度为评价指标,设计三因子五水平的中心组合试验,结合响应面法研制了最优硫氧镁水泥复合固化剂TZ18,最后通过电镜扫描技术分别对普通硅酸盐水泥固化土、硫氧镁水泥固化土以及TZ18固化土的微观结构进行对比分析,结果表明:与同一龄期下的前2种固化土相比,TZ18固化土生成的水化产物更多,颗粒间联结更强,微观结构特性更稳定。
On account of the poor engineering properties of muddy soft soil with high water content,low shear strength and high content of organic matter,the laboratory studies on the properties of the organic soil solidified by the composite magnesium cement-curing agent were carried out,in which the magnesium oxysulfate cement with the good performance on energy conservation and environmental protection was chosen as the main curing agent.Firstly,the basic proportion of the soft soil solidified by the magnesium oxysulfate cement was determined through analyzing the effect of the content of organic matter and water content and dosage of magnesium oxysulfate cement on the stabilized results. Secondly,the sodium silicate,clinker,and silica fume were chosen to be the additives of the composite curing agent based on the results of double-doping experiments. Then,the central composite rotatable design(CCRD) tests with three factors and five levels were designed,in which the unconfined compressive strength of the stabilized soil at 7 d age is considered to be the evaluating criterion. Furthermore,the composite magnesium oxysulfate cement curing agent-TZ18 was developed by using the response surface methodology. Finally,through using the technology of scanning electron microscope the microstructure of the TZ18 stabilized soil was analyzed by comparison with the Portland cement and magnesium oxysulfate cement stabilized soil. It was found that at the same age,TZ18 stabilized produced more hydration products,had stronger bonds between the particles and more stable micro-structural characteristics than the other two kinds of stabilized soil.
On account of the poor engineering properties of muddy soft soil with high water content,low shear strength and high content of organic matter,the laboratory studies on the properties of the organic soil solidified by the composite magnesium cement-curing agent were carried out,in which the magnesium oxysulfate cement with the good performance on energy conservation and environmental protection was chosen as the main curing agent.Firstly,the basic proportion of the soft soil solidified by the magnesium oxysulfate cement was determined through analyzing the effect of the content of organic matter and water content and dosage of magnesium oxysulfate cement on the stabilized results. Secondly,the sodium silicate,clinker,and silica fume were chosen to be the additives of the composite curing agent based on the results of double-doping experiments. Then,the central composite rotatable design(CCRD) tests with three factors and five levels were designed,in which the unconfined compressive strength of the stabilized soil at 7 d age is considered to be the evaluating criterion. Furthermore,the composite magnesium oxysulfate cement curing agent-TZ18 was developed by using the response surface methodology. Finally,through using the technology of scanning electron microscope the microstructure of the TZ18 stabilized soil was analyzed by comparison with the Portland cement and magnesium oxysulfate cement stabilized soil. It was found that at the same age,TZ18 stabilized produced more hydration products,had stronger bonds between the particles and more stable micro-structural characteristics than the other two kinds of stabilized soil.
引文
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[9]郑旭,刘松玉,蔡光华,等.活性MgO碳化固化土的干湿循环特性试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2016,38(2):297-304.(ZHENGXu,LIU Songyu,CAI Guanghua,et al.Experimental study on drying-wetting properties of carbonated reactive MgO-stabilized soils[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2016,38(2):297-304.(in Chinese))
[10]涂玉波,韩培伟,付国燕,等.不同胶凝材料对氰化废渣的固化性能研究[J].黄金科学技术,2017,25(5):135-139.(TU Yubo,HANPeiwei,FU Guoyan,et al.Study on the curing properties of different cementitious materials for cyanide waste residue[J].Gold Science and Technology,2017,25(5):135-139.(in Chinese))
[11]张亭亭,李江山,王平,等.磷酸镁水泥固化铅污染土的力学特性试验研究及微观机制[J].岩土力学,2016,37(增2):279-286.(ZHANG Tingting,LI Jiangshan,WANG Ping,et al.Experimental study of mechanical and microstructure properties of magnesium phosphate cement treated lead contaminated soils[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2016,37(Supp.2):279-286.(in Chinese))
[12]程福周,雷学文,孟庆山,等.水泥-水玻璃固化东湖淤泥的室内试验研究[J].人民长江,2013,44(24):45-48.(CHENG Fuzhou,LEI Xuewen,MENG Qingshan,et al.Indoor experiment study on solidification of lake silt by cement-sodium silicate[J].Yangtze River,2013,44(24):45-48.(in Chinese))
[13]简文彬,张登,黄春香.水泥-水玻璃固化软土的微观机理研究[J].岩土工程学报,2013,35(增2):632-637.(JIAN Wenbin,ZHANGDeng,HUANG Chunxiang.Micromechanism of cement-sodium silicate-stabilized soft soils[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2013,35(Supp.2):632-637.(in Chinese))
[14]王磊.硫氧镁水泥改性技术研究[硕士学位论文][D].重庆:重庆大学,2016.(WANG Lei.Study on measures for modification the properties of magnesium oxysulfate cement[M.S.Thesis][D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2016.(in Chinese))
[15]王东星,徐卫亚.大掺量粉煤灰淤泥固化土的强度与耐久性研究[J].岩土力学,2012,33(12):3 659-3 664.(WANG Dongxing,XU Weiya.Research on strength and durability of sediments solidified with high volume fly ash[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(12):3 659-3 664.(in Chinese))
[16]巴明芳,王婕斐,杨莹莹,等.改性硫氧镁胶凝材料的配置及性能研究[J].宁波大学学报:理工版,2014,27(2):83-87.(BAMingfang,WANG Jiefei,YANG Yingying,et al.Preparation and property of modified magnesium oxy-sulfate materials[J].Journal of Ningbo University:NSEE,2014,27(2):83-87.(in Chinese))
[17]徐日庆,郭印,刘增永.人工制备有机质固化土力学特性试验研究[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,2007,41(1):109-113.(XU Riqing,GUO Yin,LIU Zengyong.Experimental study on mechanical properties of stabilized artificial organic soil[J].Journal of Zhejiang University:Engineering Science,2007,41(1):109-113.(in Chinese))
[18]建设部标准定额研究所.土壤固化剂应用技术导则[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2008:8-15(Ministry of Construction Standard Quota Institute.Soil firming agent application technical guidanc[M].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2008:8-15.(in Chinese))
[19]刘松玉,钱国超,章定文.粉喷桩复合地基理论与工程应用[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2006:54-63.(LIU Songyu,QIANGuochao,ZHANG Dingwen.The principle and application of dry jet mixing composite foundation[M].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2006:54-63.(in Chinese))
[20]李国栋,毕万利,孙恩禹,等.改性硫氧镁水泥的配制及性能研究[J].耐火材料,2016,50(6):469-472.(LI Guodong,BI Wangli,SUNEnyu,et al.Study on preparation and performance of modified magnesium oxide cement[J].China's Refractories,2016,50(6):469-472.(in Chinese))
[21]TABARAKI R,NATEGHI A.Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of natural antioxidants from rice bran using response surface methodology[J].Ultrasonics Sonochemistry,2011,18(6):1 279-1 286.
[22]YüCEL Y.Optimization of biocatalytic biodiesel production from pomace oil using response surface methodology[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2012,99(7):97-102.
[23]陈昌富,朱剑锋,龚晓南.基于响应面法和Morgenstern-Price法土坡可靠度计算方法[J].工程力学,2008,25(10):166-172.(CHENChangfu,ZHU Jianfeng,GONG Xiaonan.Calculation method of earth slope reliability based on response surface method and MorgensternPrice procedure[J].Engineering Mechanics,2008,25(10):166-172.(in Chinese))
[24]徐日庆,畅帅,俞元洪,等.基于响应面法的杭州海相软土固化强度模型[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,2014,48(11):1 941-1 946.(XU Riqing,CHANG Shuai,YU Yuanhong,et al.Model of strength developed with response surface methodology for solidified marine soft clay of Hangzhou[J].Journal o f Zhejiang University:Engineering Science,2014,48(11):1 941-1 946.(in Chinese))
[25]LIYANAA C,SHAHIDI F.Optimization of extraction of pheonolic compounds from wheat using response surface methodology[J].Food Chem,2005,93:47-56.
[26]徐日庆,邓祎文,徐波,等.基于SEM图像的软土三维孔隙率计算及影响因素分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(7):1 497-1 502.(XU Riqing,DENG Yiwen,XU Bo,et al.Calculation of three-dimensional porosity of soft soil based on SEM image[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(7):1 497-1 502.(in Chinese))
[27]徐日庆,徐丽阳,邓祎文,等.基于SEM和IPP测定软黏土接触面积的试验[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,2015,49(8):1 417-1 425.(XU Riqing,XU Liyang,DENG Yiwen,et al.Experimental study on soft clay contact area based on SEM and IPP[J].Journal of Zhejiang University:Engineering Science,2015,49(8):1 417-1 425.(in Chinese))
[2]庹秋水,朱剑锋,饶春义.固化有机质土的抗剪强度试验研究[J].泥沙研究,2017,42(5):70-74.(TUO Qiushui,ZHU Jianfeng,RAO Chunyi.Experimental study on shear strength of stabilized organic soil[J].Journal of Sediment Research,2017,42(5):70-74.(in Chinese))
[3]XIANG L,LIU F,LI J,et al.Hydrothermal formation and characterization of magnesium oxysulfate whiskers[J].Materials Chemistry and Physics,2004,3(87):424-429.
[4]UNLUER C,AL-TABBAA A.Impact of hydrated magnesium carbonate additives on the carbonation of reactive MgO cements[J].Cement and Concrete Research,2013,54:87-97.
[5]李鹏晓,杜亮波,李东旭.新型早强磷酸镁水泥的制备和性能研究[J].硅酸盐通报,2008,27(1):20-25.(LI Pengxiao,DU Liangbo,LIDongxu.The preparation and study on the new high early strength magnesium phosphate cement[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2008,27(1):20-25.(in Chinese))
[6]李东旭,李鹏晓,冯春花.磷酸镁水泥耐水性的研究[J].建筑材料学报,2009,12(5):505-510.(LI Dongxu,LI Pengxiao,FENGChunhua.Research on water resistance of magnesium phosphate cement[J].Journal of Building Materials,2009,12(5):505-510.(in Chinese))
[7]VANDEPERRE L J,LISKA M.,AL-TABBAA A.Hydration and mechanical properties of mixtures of pulverised fly ash,Portland cement and Magnesium Oxide[J].Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,2008,20(5):375-383.
[8]VANDEPERRE L J,LISKA M,AL-TABBAA A.Microstructures of reactive magnesia cement blends[J].Cement and Concrete Composites,2008,30(8):706-714.
[9]郑旭,刘松玉,蔡光华,等.活性MgO碳化固化土的干湿循环特性试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2016,38(2):297-304.(ZHENGXu,LIU Songyu,CAI Guanghua,et al.Experimental study on drying-wetting properties of carbonated reactive MgO-stabilized soils[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2016,38(2):297-304.(in Chinese))
[10]涂玉波,韩培伟,付国燕,等.不同胶凝材料对氰化废渣的固化性能研究[J].黄金科学技术,2017,25(5):135-139.(TU Yubo,HANPeiwei,FU Guoyan,et al.Study on the curing properties of different cementitious materials for cyanide waste residue[J].Gold Science and Technology,2017,25(5):135-139.(in Chinese))
[11]张亭亭,李江山,王平,等.磷酸镁水泥固化铅污染土的力学特性试验研究及微观机制[J].岩土力学,2016,37(增2):279-286.(ZHANG Tingting,LI Jiangshan,WANG Ping,et al.Experimental study of mechanical and microstructure properties of magnesium phosphate cement treated lead contaminated soils[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2016,37(Supp.2):279-286.(in Chinese))
[12]程福周,雷学文,孟庆山,等.水泥-水玻璃固化东湖淤泥的室内试验研究[J].人民长江,2013,44(24):45-48.(CHENG Fuzhou,LEI Xuewen,MENG Qingshan,et al.Indoor experiment study on solidification of lake silt by cement-sodium silicate[J].Yangtze River,2013,44(24):45-48.(in Chinese))
[13]简文彬,张登,黄春香.水泥-水玻璃固化软土的微观机理研究[J].岩土工程学报,2013,35(增2):632-637.(JIAN Wenbin,ZHANGDeng,HUANG Chunxiang.Micromechanism of cement-sodium silicate-stabilized soft soils[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2013,35(Supp.2):632-637.(in Chinese))
[14]王磊.硫氧镁水泥改性技术研究[硕士学位论文][D].重庆:重庆大学,2016.(WANG Lei.Study on measures for modification the properties of magnesium oxysulfate cement[M.S.Thesis][D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2016.(in Chinese))
[15]王东星,徐卫亚.大掺量粉煤灰淤泥固化土的强度与耐久性研究[J].岩土力学,2012,33(12):3 659-3 664.(WANG Dongxing,XU Weiya.Research on strength and durability of sediments solidified with high volume fly ash[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(12):3 659-3 664.(in Chinese))
[16]巴明芳,王婕斐,杨莹莹,等.改性硫氧镁胶凝材料的配置及性能研究[J].宁波大学学报:理工版,2014,27(2):83-87.(BAMingfang,WANG Jiefei,YANG Yingying,et al.Preparation and property of modified magnesium oxy-sulfate materials[J].Journal of Ningbo University:NSEE,2014,27(2):83-87.(in Chinese))
[17]徐日庆,郭印,刘增永.人工制备有机质固化土力学特性试验研究[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,2007,41(1):109-113.(XU Riqing,GUO Yin,LIU Zengyong.Experimental study on mechanical properties of stabilized artificial organic soil[J].Journal of Zhejiang University:Engineering Science,2007,41(1):109-113.(in Chinese))
[18]建设部标准定额研究所.土壤固化剂应用技术导则[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2008:8-15(Ministry of Construction Standard Quota Institute.Soil firming agent application technical guidanc[M].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2008:8-15.(in Chinese))
[19]刘松玉,钱国超,章定文.粉喷桩复合地基理论与工程应用[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2006:54-63.(LIU Songyu,QIANGuochao,ZHANG Dingwen.The principle and application of dry jet mixing composite foundation[M].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2006:54-63.(in Chinese))
[20]李国栋,毕万利,孙恩禹,等.改性硫氧镁水泥的配制及性能研究[J].耐火材料,2016,50(6):469-472.(LI Guodong,BI Wangli,SUNEnyu,et al.Study on preparation and performance of modified magnesium oxide cement[J].China's Refractories,2016,50(6):469-472.(in Chinese))
[21]TABARAKI R,NATEGHI A.Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of natural antioxidants from rice bran using response surface methodology[J].Ultrasonics Sonochemistry,2011,18(6):1 279-1 286.
[22]YüCEL Y.Optimization of biocatalytic biodiesel production from pomace oil using response surface methodology[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2012,99(7):97-102.
[23]陈昌富,朱剑锋,龚晓南.基于响应面法和Morgenstern-Price法土坡可靠度计算方法[J].工程力学,2008,25(10):166-172.(CHENChangfu,ZHU Jianfeng,GONG Xiaonan.Calculation method of earth slope reliability based on response surface method and MorgensternPrice procedure[J].Engineering Mechanics,2008,25(10):166-172.(in Chinese))
[24]徐日庆,畅帅,俞元洪,等.基于响应面法的杭州海相软土固化强度模型[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,2014,48(11):1 941-1 946.(XU Riqing,CHANG Shuai,YU Yuanhong,et al.Model of strength developed with response surface methodology for solidified marine soft clay of Hangzhou[J].Journal o f Zhejiang University:Engineering Science,2014,48(11):1 941-1 946.(in Chinese))
[25]LIYANAA C,SHAHIDI F.Optimization of extraction of pheonolic compounds from wheat using response surface methodology[J].Food Chem,2005,93:47-56.
[26]徐日庆,邓祎文,徐波,等.基于SEM图像的软土三维孔隙率计算及影响因素分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(7):1 497-1 502.(XU Riqing,DENG Yiwen,XU Bo,et al.Calculation of three-dimensional porosity of soft soil based on SEM image[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(7):1 497-1 502.(in Chinese))
[27]徐日庆,徐丽阳,邓祎文,等.基于SEM和IPP测定软黏土接触面积的试验[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,2015,49(8):1 417-1 425.(XU Riqing,XU Liyang,DENG Yiwen,et al.Experimental study on soft clay contact area based on SEM and IPP[J].Journal of Zhejiang University:Engineering Science,2015,49(8):1 417-1 425.(in Chinese))