台州某填埋场覆盖层粉质黏土的土-水特征曲线研究
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摘要
目的得到台州市某垃圾填埋场覆盖层粉质黏土的土-水特征曲线,通过土-水特征曲线对该覆盖层的防渗性进行研究,在此基础上对影响覆盖层防渗性的因素进行分析.方法采用蒸汽平衡法研究相同干密度土样在20℃、40℃、60℃条件下的吸力,并分别对稳定后土样的含水率、饱和度以及孔隙比进行测定,分别绘制S-ω曲线、S-Sr曲线及S-e曲线来表征土样的土-水特征曲线.结果在S-ω曲线及S-Sr曲线中,脱湿曲线位于吸湿曲线上方,在低温及低吸力环境下曲线中脱湿曲线与吸湿曲线间的滞回现象明显;在S-e曲线中,吸湿曲线位于脱湿曲线上方,且温度对于土样孔隙比的影响不大.结论温度与吸力将会对覆盖层粉质黏土的持水能力产生影响,吸力会对覆盖层内部的孔隙分布产生影响,而土样的持水能力及孔隙分布将会影响到覆盖层材料的防渗性,所得结论可以为填埋场生物覆盖屏障的设计提供参考.
The soil-water characteristic curve of silty clay in the cover of a landfill in Taizhou was obtained.The impermeability of the landfill cover was studied by the soil-water characteristic curve.On this basis,the factors affecting the impermeability of the landfill cover were analyzed.The vapor balance method was used to study the suction of soil samples with the same dry density at 20 ℃,40 ℃and 60 ℃.The moisture content,saturation and void ratio of stabilized soil samples were measured.The S-ω curve,S-Sr curve and S-e curve were drawn to characterize the soil-water characteristic curve of soil samples.In the S-ω curve and S-Sr curve,the drainage curve is above the imbibition curve,and hysteretic phenomena between the drainage curve and the imbibition curve is obvious in the low temperature and low suction environment.In the S-e curve,the imbibition curve is above the drainage curve,and temperature has little effect on the void ratio of soil samples.Temperature and suction will affect the water-holding capacity of silty clay in the landfill cover,suction will affect the pore distribution in the landfill cover,the water-holding capacity and pore distribution of soil sample will affect the impermeability of the cover material.The conclusions can provide reference for the design of landfill biological cover barrier.
The soil-water characteristic curve of silty clay in the cover of a landfill in Taizhou was obtained.The impermeability of the landfill cover was studied by the soil-water characteristic curve.On this basis,the factors affecting the impermeability of the landfill cover were analyzed.The vapor balance method was used to study the suction of soil samples with the same dry density at 20 ℃,40 ℃and 60 ℃.The moisture content,saturation and void ratio of stabilized soil samples were measured.The S-ω curve,S-Sr curve and S-e curve were drawn to characterize the soil-water characteristic curve of soil samples.In the S-ω curve and S-Sr curve,the drainage curve is above the imbibition curve,and hysteretic phenomena between the drainage curve and the imbibition curve is obvious in the low temperature and low suction environment.In the S-e curve,the imbibition curve is above the drainage curve,and temperature has little effect on the void ratio of soil samples.Temperature and suction will affect the water-holding capacity of silty clay in the landfill cover,suction will affect the pore distribution in the landfill cover,the water-holding capacity and pore distribution of soil sample will affect the impermeability of the cover material.The conclusions can provide reference for the design of landfill biological cover barrier.
引文
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[15] 孙德安,张俊然,吕海波.全吸力范围南阳膨胀土的土-水特征曲线[J].岩土力学,2013,34(7):1839-1846.(SUN Dean,ZHANG Junran,Lü Haibo.Soil-water characteristic curve of Nanyang expansive soil in full suction range[J].Rock and soil mechanics,2013,34(7):1839-1846.)
[16] 孙德安,孟德林,孙文静,等.两种膨润土的土-水特征曲线[J].岩土力学,2011,32(4):973-978.(SUN Dean,MENG Delin,SUN Wenjing,et al.Soil-water characteristic curves of two bentonites[J].Rock and soil mechanics,2011,32(4):973-978.)
[17] SUN D A,SHENG D C,SLOAN S W.Elastoplastic modeling of hydraulic and stress-strain behaviour of unsaturated compacted soils[J].Mechanics of materials,2007,39(3):212-221.
[2] 杜磊.毛细阻滞式覆盖系统的数值模拟研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2011.(DU Lei.Numerical simulation on covers with capillary barrier effects [D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2011.)
[3] 詹良通,贾官伟,邓林恒,等.湿润气候区固废堆场封场土质覆盖层性状[J].岩土工程学报,2012,34(10):1813-1818.(ZHAN Liangtong,JIA Guanwei,DENG Linheng,et al.Performance of earthen final covers of landfills in humid areas [J].Chinese journal of geotechnical engineering,2012,34(10):1813-1818.)
[4] 蔡武军,凌道盛,徐泽龙,等.单一裂隙优势渗流对黏土层防渗性能的影响分析[J].岩土力学,2014,35(10):2838-2844.(CAI Wujun,LING Daosheng,XU Zelong,et al.Influence of preferential flow induced by a single crack on anti-seepage performance of clay barrier [J].Rock and soil mechanics,2014,35(10):2838-2845.)
[5] 贾官伟.固废堆场终场土质覆盖层中水分运移规律及调控方法研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2010.(JIA Guanwei.Study on the water transport in the landfill earthen final cover and its controlling method[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2010.)
[6] 张旭俊,陈云敏,徐晓兵,等.非饱和土质覆盖层多组分气体运移机理研究[J].岩土工程学报,2015,37(10):1917-1923.(ZHANG Xujun,CHEN Yunmin,XU Xiaobing,et al.Mechanism of multi-component gas migration in unsaturated cover[J].Chinese journal of geotechnical engineering,2015,37(10):1917-1923.)
[7] HERRMANN I,MALIN S,HOLGER E,et al.Hydraulic conductivity of fly ash-sewage sludge mixes for use in landfill cover liners [J].Water research,2009,43:3541-3547.
[8] ABICHOU T,MAHIEU K,YUAN L,et al.Effect of compost bio-covers on gas flow and methane oxidation in landfill cover [J].Waste management,2009,29(5):1595-1601.
[9] 岳波,林晔,王琪,等.填埋场覆盖材料的甲烧氧化能力及其影响因素研究[J].环境工程技术学报,2011,1(1):57-62.(YUE Bo,LIN Ye,WANG Qi,et al.Research on methane oxidation capacity of landfills cover materials and its impact factors[J].Journal of environmental engineering technology,2011,1(1):57-62.)
[10] 王丹,赵玲,尹平河,等.垃圾填埋场覆盖材料改性污泥的甲烷氧化动力学[J].暨南大学学报,2012,33(3):329-334.(WANG Dan,ZHAO Ling,YIN Pinghe,et al.Methane oxidation kinetics of bio-cover sewage sludge modified by coal ash for landfill[J].Journal of Ji'nan university,2012,33(3):329-334.)
[11] 苏杨,朱健,王平,等.土壤持水能力研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(14):140-145.(SU Yang,ZHU Jian,WANG Ping,et al.Research progress on soil water holding capacity[J].Chinese agricultural science bulletin,2013,29(14):140-145.)
[12] 吴乾荣.枯土矿物的X射线衍射物相分析[J].岩矿测试,1994,13(1):15-19.(WU Qianrong.X-ray diffraction phase analysis of clay minerals[J].Rock and mineral analysis,1994,13(1):15-19.)
[13] 南京水利科学研究院.土工试验方法标准:GB/T 50123—1999 [S].北京:中国计划出版社,1999.(Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute.Standard for soil test method:GB/T 50123—1999 [S].Beijing:China Planning Press,1999.)
[14] 朱赞成,孙德安,田进.高吸力高温度下2种滤纸率定曲线及其应用[J].岩土工程学报,2014,36(6):1020-1027.(ZHU Zancheng,SUN Dean,TIAN Jin.Calibration curves of two filter papers at high suction and temperature and their application[J].Chinese journal of geotechnical engineering,2014,36(6):1020-1027.)
[15] 孙德安,张俊然,吕海波.全吸力范围南阳膨胀土的土-水特征曲线[J].岩土力学,2013,34(7):1839-1846.(SUN Dean,ZHANG Junran,Lü Haibo.Soil-water characteristic curve of Nanyang expansive soil in full suction range[J].Rock and soil mechanics,2013,34(7):1839-1846.)
[16] 孙德安,孟德林,孙文静,等.两种膨润土的土-水特征曲线[J].岩土力学,2011,32(4):973-978.(SUN Dean,MENG Delin,SUN Wenjing,et al.Soil-water characteristic curves of two bentonites[J].Rock and soil mechanics,2011,32(4):973-978.)
[17] SUN D A,SHENG D C,SLOAN S W.Elastoplastic modeling of hydraulic and stress-strain behaviour of unsaturated compacted soils[J].Mechanics of materials,2007,39(3):212-221.