东昆仑埃坑地区磷灰石裂变径迹年代学及构造意义
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摘要
东昆仑位于青藏高原北部,埃坑地区处在东昆仑昆中和昆南断裂带之间。通过对该区域5个磷灰石样品分析,获得其裂变径迹年龄分别为(99±10)、(103±9)、(80±6)、(98±6)、(65±5)Ma。埃坑地区热历史可分为3个阶段:第1阶段(160~58Ma)持续隆升,对应羌塘地块与拉萨地块向欧亚板块的拼贴作用;第2阶段(58~35Ma)快速隆升,印度板块与欧亚板块碰撞导致埃坑强烈隆起;第3阶段(35Ma至今),构造活动较弱,未受青藏高原新近纪以来热事件影响。该地区5个样品的隆升量分别为3 374、3 283、3 230、3 157、3 278m,平均隆升量为3 264m,平均隆升速率为0.038mm/a。
East Kunlun Mountains is located in the northern margin of Tibetan Plateau,and Aikeng is situated between Mid-Kunlun fault zone and South-Kunlun fault zone.Using apatite fission track thermochronology,the datings of five samples were analyzed,and they are(99±10),(103±9),(80±6),(98±6)and(65±5)Ma respectively.There are three stages of thermal history.The first stage(160-58 Ma)fits in with that the Qiangtang block and the Lhasa block squeeze the Eurasian plate,and the second stage(58-35 Ma)corresponds to the collision between India plate and Eurasia plate.For the last stage(35 Ma to now),because of the stable tectonic activity,it is consideredthat it is not affected by the thermal events of the Tibetan Plateau since Neogene.In accordance with the results based on the three stages of thermal history,the formular calculations for the five samples have their rock uplifts of 3 374,3 283,3 230,3 157 and3 278 m,the average rock uplift is 3 264 m,and the average uplifting rate is 0.038 mm/a.
East Kunlun Mountains is located in the northern margin of Tibetan Plateau,and Aikeng is situated between Mid-Kunlun fault zone and South-Kunlun fault zone.Using apatite fission track thermochronology,the datings of five samples were analyzed,and they are(99±10),(103±9),(80±6),(98±6)and(65±5)Ma respectively.There are three stages of thermal history.The first stage(160-58 Ma)fits in with that the Qiangtang block and the Lhasa block squeeze the Eurasian plate,and the second stage(58-35 Ma)corresponds to the collision between India plate and Eurasia plate.For the last stage(35 Ma to now),because of the stable tectonic activity,it is consideredthat it is not affected by the thermal events of the Tibetan Plateau since Neogene.In accordance with the results based on the three stages of thermal history,the formular calculations for the five samples have their rock uplifts of 3 374,3 283,3 230,3 157 and3 278 m,the average rock uplift is 3 264 m,and the average uplifting rate is 0.038 mm/a.
引文
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[15]王璞珺,MATTERN F,SCHNEIDER W,等.西藏班公湖—怒江缝合带白垩系沉积特征及其构造意义[J].世界地质,2003,22(2):105-110.WANG Pujun,MATTERN F,SCHNEIDER W,et al.The cretaceous of the eastern BangangNujiang suture zone(Tibet):Tectono-Sedimentation[J].Global Geology,2003,22(2):105-110(in Chinese).
[16]莫宣学,潘桂棠.从特提斯到青藏高原形成:构造-岩浆事件的约束[J].地学前缘,2006,13(6):43-51.MO Xuanxue,PAN Guitang.From the Tethys to the formation of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau:Constrained by tectono-magmaticevents[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2006,13(6):43-51(in Chinese).
[17]莫宣学,赵志丹,周肃,等.印度-亚洲大陆碰撞的时限[J].地质通报,2007,26(10):1 240-1 244.MO Xuanxue,ZHAO Zhidan,ZHOU Su,et al.On the timing of India-Asia continental collision[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2007,26(10):1 240-1 244(in Chinese).
[18]陈正乐,宫红良,李丽,等.阿尔金山脉新生代隆升-剥露过程[J].地学前缘,2006,13(4):91-102.CHEN Zhengle,GONG Hongliang,LI Li,et al.Cenozoic uplifting and exhumation process of the Altyn Tagh mountains[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2006,13(4):91-102(in Chinese).
[2]陈小宁,袁万明,张爱奎,等.东昆仑西段巴音郭勒地区构造事件的磷灰石裂变径迹分析[J].核技术,2014,37(1):010503.CHEN Xiaoning,YUAN Wanming,ZHANG Aikui,et al.Apatite fission track analysis for revealing tectonic events of the Bayinguole area in the west section of Eastern Kunlun Mountains,northern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J].Nuclear Techniques,2014,37(1):010503(in Chinese).
[3]BELLEMANS F,de CORTE F,van DENHAUTE P.Composition of SRM and CN U-doped glasses:Significance for their use as thermal neutron influence monitor in fission track dating[J].Radiation Measurements,1994,24:153-160.
[4]HURFORD A J,GREEN P F.A users’guide to fission track dating calibration[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,1982,59(2):343-354.
[5]GALBRAITH R F.On statistical model for fission track counts[J].Journal of the International Association for Mathematical Geology,1981,13(6):471-478.
[6]LIU Yongjiang,NEUBAUER F,GENSER J,et al.Geochronology of the initiation and displacement of the Altyn Strike-Slip Fault,western China[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2007(29):243-252.
[7]李海兵,杨经绥,许志琴,等.阿尔金断裂带对青藏高原北部生长、隆升的制约[J].地学前缘,2006,13(4):59-79.LI Haibing,YANG Jingsui,XU Zhiqin,et al.The constraint of the Altyn Tagh fault system to the growth and rise of the northern Tibetan plateau[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2006,13(4):59-79(in Chinese).
[8]KETCHAM R A,DONELICK R A,CARLSON W D.Variability of apatite fission-track annealing kinetics,Ⅲ:Extrapolation to geological time scales[J].American Mineralogist,2015,84(9):1 235-1 255.
[9]KETCHAM R A.Forward and inverse modeling of low-temperature thermoch-ronometry data[J].Rev Mineral Geochem,2005,58:275-314.
[10]PICHON X L,HENRY P,GOFFB.Uplift of Tibet:From eclogites to granulites:Implications for the Andean Plateau and the Variscan belt[J].Tectonics,1997,273:57-76.
[11]袁万明,杨志强,邓军,等.安徽省黄山山体的隆升与剥蚀[J].中国科学:地球科学,2011,41(10):1 435-1 443.YUAN Wanming,YANG Zhiqiang,DENG Jun,et al.The uplifting and denudation of main Huangshan Mountains,Anhui Province,China[J].Scientia Sinica Terrae,2011,41(10):1 435-1 443(in Chinese).
[12]吴珍汉,赵逊,叶培盛,等.根据湖相沉积碳氧同位素估算青藏高原古海拔高度[J].地质学报,2007,81(9):1 277-1 288.WU Zhenhan,ZHAO Xun,YE Peisheng,et al.Paleo-elevation of the Tibetan Plateau inferred from carbon and oxygen isotopes of Lacustrine deposits[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2007,81(9):1 277-1 288(in Chinese).
[13]王国灿,向树元,王岸,等.东昆仑及相邻地区中生代—新生代早期构造过程的热年代学记录[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2007,32(5):605-614,680.WANG Guocan,XIANG Shuyuan,WANG An,et al.Thermochronological constraint to the processes of the East Kunlun and adjacent areas in Mesozoic—early Cenozoic[J].Earth Science:Journal of China University of Geosciences,2007,32(5):605-614,680(in Chinese).
[14]袁万明,张雪亭,董金泉,等.东昆仑隆升作用的裂变径迹研究[J].原子能科学技术,2004,38(2):166-168.YUAN Wanming,ZHANG Xueting,DONG Jinquan,et al.Apatite fission track evidence on the uplifting of Eastern Kunlun Mountains[J].Atomic Energy Science and Technology,2004,38(2):166-168(in Chinese).
[15]王璞珺,MATTERN F,SCHNEIDER W,等.西藏班公湖—怒江缝合带白垩系沉积特征及其构造意义[J].世界地质,2003,22(2):105-110.WANG Pujun,MATTERN F,SCHNEIDER W,et al.The cretaceous of the eastern BangangNujiang suture zone(Tibet):Tectono-Sedimentation[J].Global Geology,2003,22(2):105-110(in Chinese).
[16]莫宣学,潘桂棠.从特提斯到青藏高原形成:构造-岩浆事件的约束[J].地学前缘,2006,13(6):43-51.MO Xuanxue,PAN Guitang.From the Tethys to the formation of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau:Constrained by tectono-magmaticevents[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2006,13(6):43-51(in Chinese).
[17]莫宣学,赵志丹,周肃,等.印度-亚洲大陆碰撞的时限[J].地质通报,2007,26(10):1 240-1 244.MO Xuanxue,ZHAO Zhidan,ZHOU Su,et al.On the timing of India-Asia continental collision[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2007,26(10):1 240-1 244(in Chinese).
[18]陈正乐,宫红良,李丽,等.阿尔金山脉新生代隆升-剥露过程[J].地学前缘,2006,13(4):91-102.CHEN Zhengle,GONG Hongliang,LI Li,et al.Cenozoic uplifting and exhumation process of the Altyn Tagh mountains[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2006,13(4):91-102(in Chinese).