高温相变储热换热装置仿真建模及分析
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摘要
相变储热因单位体积储热量大,储热和放热过程温度基本恒定等优点而成为目前研究的热点。相变过程中涉及固液两相间融化和凝固的传热问题,其储放热过程是一个复杂的非稳态相变过程。本文对高温相变储热换热装置进行换热特性研究,通过研究储热单元的换热特性,基于FLUENT软件,结合装置的设计参数和相变复合材料的物性参数,对相变储热系统储/放热过程中内部的温度分布、传热速率和储放热效率进行了数学建模及模拟分析,重点研究了不同传热流体速度对单元储/放热性能的影响规律。根据仿真结果,在相变储热装置的设计中,可选择合适的空气流速,以实现不同的散热功率及储放热时间,满足不同用户的用热需求。物理实验表明仿真结果偏差较小,可为高温相变储换热装置设计、优化等工作提供依据。
Phase change heat storage has become a research hot spot in recent years because of high storage capacity per unit volume, and constant heat storage/release process. In this paper, the heat transfer characteristics of a high temperature phase change heat storage unit are studied. The temperature distribution, heat transfer rate and heat storage efficiency during heat storage and release processes are studied using the computational fluid dynamics in FLUENT software environment. The mathematical modeling and simulation analysis focus on the effect of different heat transfer fluid velocity on the performance of the heat storage and release processes. The results show that an appropriate air velocity can be selected to achieve different heat discharge power and heat storage time,to meet various demands of different end users. Physical experiments are carried out, showing that the deviation of simulation results is small from experimental measurements.
Phase change heat storage has become a research hot spot in recent years because of high storage capacity per unit volume, and constant heat storage/release process. In this paper, the heat transfer characteristics of a high temperature phase change heat storage unit are studied. The temperature distribution, heat transfer rate and heat storage efficiency during heat storage and release processes are studied using the computational fluid dynamics in FLUENT software environment. The mathematical modeling and simulation analysis focus on the effect of different heat transfer fluid velocity on the performance of the heat storage and release processes. The results show that an appropriate air velocity can be selected to achieve different heat discharge power and heat storage time,to meet various demands of different end users. Physical experiments are carried out, showing that the deviation of simulation results is small from experimental measurements.
引文
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[3]ASIS E,KATSMAN L,ZISKIND G,LETAN R.Numerical and experimental study of melting in a spherical shell[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2007,50:1790-1804.
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[5]CHANDRASEKARAN P,CHERALATHAN M,KUMARESAN V,VELRAJ R.Enhanced heat transfer characteristics of water based copper oxide nanofluid PCM(phase change material)in a spherical capsule during solidification for energy efficient cool thermal storage system[J].Energy,2014,72:636-642.
[6]李传,孙泽,丁玉龙.高温填充床相变储热球的储热特性[J].储能科学与技术,2013,2(2):480-485.LI Chuan,SUN Ze,DING Yulong.Heat storage characteristics of phase change heat storage spheres in high temperature packed bed[J].Energy Storage Science and Technology,2013,2(2):480-485.
[7]YE F,GE Z W,DING Y L,YANG J.Multi-walled carbon nanotubes added to Na2CO3/MgO composites forthermal energy storage[J].Particuology,2013,15:56-60.
[8]GE Z W,YE F,CAO H,LENG G H,QIN Y,DING Y L.Carbonate-salt-based composite materials for medium and high temperature thermal energy storage[J].Particuology,2014,15:77-81.
[9]韩广顺,王培伦,金翼,黄云,丁红胜,丁玉龙.列管式相变蓄热器性能强化的模拟[J].储能科学与技术,2015,4(2):183-188.HAN Guangshun,WANG Peilun,JIN Yi,HUANG Yun,DINGHongsheng,DING Yulong.Simulation of performance enhancement of tubular phase change heat accumulator[J].Energy Storage Science and Technology,2015,4(2):183-188.
[10]韩广顺,丁红胜,童莉葛.列管式相变储能换热器强化换热的数值研究[J].工程热物理学报,2016(9):2012-2018.HAN Guangshun,DING Hongsheng,TONG Lige.Numerical research on enhanced heat transfer of tubular phase change energy storage heat exchanger[J].Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,2016(9):2012-2018.
[11]胡延铎,李亚奇,宋鸿杰,朱东海.壳管式梯级相变蓄热装置内部结构参数的优化研究[J].工业加热,2015(1):20-23.HU Yanduo,LI Yaqi,SONG Hongjie,ZHU Donghai.Optimum study on internal structure parameters of shell-and-tube cascade phase change heat storage device[J].Industrial Heating,2015(1):20-23.
[12]王美俊,田松峰,韩强,胥佳瑞,陈曦.管壳式换热器蓄热单元数值模拟与优化[J].节能,2016(8):11-15.WANG Meijun,TIAN Songfeng,HAN Qiang,XU Jiarui,CHEN Xi.Numerical simulation and optimization of heat storage unit of shell-and-tube heat exchanger[J].Energy Conservation,2016(8):11-15.
[13]田鑫,俞铁铭,程晓敏.波纹管式余热回收蓄热装置强化传热特性模拟[J].节能,2016(4):13-17.TIAN Xin,YU Tieming,CHENG Xiaoming.Simulation of enhanced heat transfer characteristics of corrugated tube heat recovery regenerator[J].Energy Conservation,2016(4):13-17.
[14]刘俊峰,马少波.圆柱形相变储热器热损失的研究[J].合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版),2016(4):9-13.LIU Junfeng,MA Shaobo.Study on heat loss of cylindrical phase change heat storage[J].Journal of Hefei University of Technology(Natural Science),2016(4):9-13.
[15]韩广顺,丁红胜,黄云,童莉葛.套管式相变储热单元储热换热性能的研究[J].热能动力工程,2016(2):14-20.HAN Guangshun,DING Hongsheng,HUANG Yun,TONG Lige.Study on heat storage and heat transfer performance of cased phase change heat storage unit[J].Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power,2016(2):14-20.
[16]FAN L W,ZHU Z Q,XIAO S L,LIU M J,LU H,ZENG Y,et al.An experimental and numerical investigation of constrained melting heat transfer of a phase change material in a circumferentially finned spherical capsule for thermal energy storage[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2016,100:1063-1075.
[17]TAO Y B,HE Y L,QU Z G.Numerical study on performance of molten salt phase change thermal energy storage system with enhanced tubes[J].Solar Energy,2012,86:1155-1163.