温和水热预处理促进秸秆产沼气的条件优化研究
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摘要
以水稻秸秆为原料,在前期单因素试验基础上,通过正交试验研究不同水热预处理条件对稻秸理化特性及产沼气效果的影响.结果表明,预浸时间、初始含水率和热处理时间3个因素对稻秸厌氧发酵20d累积TS产气率的影响程度各不相同,各因素对厌氧发酵累积TS产气率的影响大小顺序为初始含水率>预浸时间>热处理时间;得出的最佳水热预处理条件为:初始含水率为55%,预浸时间为2h,热处理时间为6h;与处理CK相比,最佳预处理条件下稻秸20d容积产气率提高29.79%,产气量达总产气量60%和80%时间可提前5d;结合预处理前后稻秸理化特性变化规律分析,表明温和水热预处理促进了纤维素和半纤维素的降解溶出,并促使其更多转化为挥发性脂肪酸(VFA),从而有利于稻秸快速产沼气.
Effects of physic-chemical properties and biogas production were studied through orthogonal experiment with different hydrothermal pretreatment conditions, in the basis of the preliminary optimization of single factor test and with rice straw as raw material. The results showed that there has different impact on the 20 days cumulative biogas production of anaerobic fermentation with rice straw for three factors, which including pre-leaching time and content of initial moisture with materials and heating time. The order of the effect on the cumulative TS yield of anaerobic fermentation for each factor is that content of initial moisture with materials > pre-leaching time > heating time; the condition that the initial water content of 55%, leaching time of two hours, the heating time of six hours were considered as the best condition. The 20 days cumulative biogas production with rice straw under this optimum pretreatment conditions is increased by 29.79%, the time of biogas production reached 60% and 80% of the total gas production can be reduced five days compared with CK. And the result showed that the mild hydrothermal pretreatment promoting the degradation of cellulose and hemi-cellulose and make it more converted to volatile fatty acids(VFA), which is conducive to rapid biogas production of rice straw, combined with analysis of the changes of physical and chemical properties. The mild hydrothermal pretreatment process parameters that provided technical support and theoretical basis for the operation of straw biogas project were obtained from this experiment.
Effects of physic-chemical properties and biogas production were studied through orthogonal experiment with different hydrothermal pretreatment conditions, in the basis of the preliminary optimization of single factor test and with rice straw as raw material. The results showed that there has different impact on the 20 days cumulative biogas production of anaerobic fermentation with rice straw for three factors, which including pre-leaching time and content of initial moisture with materials and heating time. The order of the effect on the cumulative TS yield of anaerobic fermentation for each factor is that content of initial moisture with materials > pre-leaching time > heating time; the condition that the initial water content of 55%, leaching time of two hours, the heating time of six hours were considered as the best condition. The 20 days cumulative biogas production with rice straw under this optimum pretreatment conditions is increased by 29.79%, the time of biogas production reached 60% and 80% of the total gas production can be reduced five days compared with CK. And the result showed that the mild hydrothermal pretreatment promoting the degradation of cellulose and hemi-cellulose and make it more converted to volatile fatty acids(VFA), which is conducive to rapid biogas production of rice straw, combined with analysis of the changes of physical and chemical properties. The mild hydrothermal pretreatment process parameters that provided technical support and theoretical basis for the operation of straw biogas project were obtained from this experiment.
引文
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[25]Kubler H.Full scale co-digestion of organic waste[J].Wat.Sci.Tech.,2000,41(3):195-202.
[26]Mata-Alvarez J,Mace S,Llabres P.Anaerobic digestion of organic solid wastes-An overview of research achievements and perspectives[J].Bioresource Technology,2000,74(l):3-16.
[27]Chayanon Sawatdeenarunat,K C.Surendra,Devin Takara,et al.Anaerobic digestion of lingo-cellulosic biomass:Challenges and opportunities[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,178:178-186.
[28]Hendriks A T W M,Zeeman G.Pretreatments to enhance the digestibility of lignocellulosic biomass[J].Bioresource Technology,2009,100(1):10-18.
[29]Gregg D,Saddler J N.A techno-economic assessment of the pretreatment and fractionation steps of a biomass-to-ethanol process[J]Appl.Biochem.Biotechnol.,1996,711-727.
[2]亓伟,王闻,王琼,等.木质纤维素预处理技术及其机理研究进展[J].新能源进展,2013,1(2):150-158.
[3]Nakhshiniev B,Biddinika M K,Gonzales H B,et al.Evaluation of hydrothermal treatment in enhancing rice straw compost stability and maturity[J].Bioresource Technology,2014,151:306-313.
[4]Merali Z,Ho J D,Collins S R,et al.Characterization of cell wall components of wheat straw following hydrothermal pretreatment and fractionation[J].Bioresource Technology,2013,131:226-234.
[5]Chandra R,Takeuchi H,Hasegawa T.Hydrothermal pretreatment of rice straw biomass:a potential and promising method for enhanced methane production[J].Appl.Energy,2012,94:129-140.
[6]Petersen M,Larsena J,Thomsen M H.Optimization of hydrothermal pretreatment of wheat straw for production of bioethanol at low water consumption without addition of chemicals[J].Biomass Bioenergy,2009,33:834-840.
[7]Rogalinski T,Liu K,Albrecht T,et al.Hydrolysis kinetics of biopolymers in subcritical water[J].J Supercrit Fluids,2008,46:335-341.
[8]Peterson A A,Vogel F,Lachance R P,et al.Thermo-chemical biofuel production in hydrothermal media:a review of suband supercritical water technologies[J].Energy Environ Sci,2008,1:32-65.
[9]Jiang W,Chang S,Li H,et al.Liquid hot water pretreatment on different parts of cotton stalk to facilitate ethanol production[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,176:175-180.
[10]Alvira P,Tomas-Pejo E,Ballesteros M,et al.Pretreatment technologies for an efficient bioethanol production process based on enzymatic hydrolysis:A review[J].Bioresource Technology,2010,101(13):4851-4861.
[11]Rabermanolontsoa H,Saka S.Various pretreatments of lignocellulosics[J].Bioresource Technology,2016,199:83-91.
[12]Zhang X,Wang W,Yu Q,et al.Liquid hot water pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass for bioethanol production accompanying with high valuable products[J].Bioresource Technology,2016,199:68-75.
[13]肖领平.木质生物质水热资源化利用过程机理研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2014.
[14]Leza H A R.Process development for bioethanol production using wheat straw biomass[D].Portugal:Universidade do Minho,2011.
[15]Laser M,Schulman D,Allen S G,et al.A comparison of liquid hot water and steam pre-treatments of sugar cane bagasse for bioconversion to ethanol[J].Bioresour Technol,2002,81:33-44.
[16]Brownell HH,Yu E K C,Saddler J N.Steam-explosion pretreatment of wood:effect of chip size,acid,moisture content and pressure drop[J].Biotechnol Bioeng,1986,28:792-801.
[17]杜静,陈广银,黄红英,等.温和湿热预处理对稻秸理化特性及生物产沼气的影响[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(2):485-491.
[18]王宇卓,任连海,聂永丰.采用正交试验优化湿热法处理厨余垃圾的工艺条件[J].环境污染治理技术与设备,2005,6(10):53-57.
[19]中国科学院成都微生物研究所.沼气常规分析方法[M].北京:科学出版社,1979:17-21.
[20]国家环保局《水和废水监测分析方法》编委会.水和废水监测分析方法(第3版).北京:中国环境科学出版社,1989.
[21]Van Soest P J.Use of detergents in the analysis of fibrous feeds,I Preparation of fiber residues of low nitrogen content[J].Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemistry,1963,46:825-829.
[22]韩捷,向欣,程红胜,等.好氧预处理对干法沼气发酵产气量的影响及能量损失[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(12):246-249.
[23]冯晓伟.高浓度有机质厌氧发酵降解研究[D].成都:西华大学,2008.
[24]Pavlostathis S G,Miller T L,Wolin M J.Kinetics of insoluble cellulose fermentation by cultures of ruminococcus albus[J].Appl.Environ.Microbiol.,2007,54(11):2660-2663.
[25]Kubler H.Full scale co-digestion of organic waste[J].Wat.Sci.Tech.,2000,41(3):195-202.
[26]Mata-Alvarez J,Mace S,Llabres P.Anaerobic digestion of organic solid wastes-An overview of research achievements and perspectives[J].Bioresource Technology,2000,74(l):3-16.
[27]Chayanon Sawatdeenarunat,K C.Surendra,Devin Takara,et al.Anaerobic digestion of lingo-cellulosic biomass:Challenges and opportunities[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,178:178-186.
[28]Hendriks A T W M,Zeeman G.Pretreatments to enhance the digestibility of lignocellulosic biomass[J].Bioresource Technology,2009,100(1):10-18.
[29]Gregg D,Saddler J N.A techno-economic assessment of the pretreatment and fractionation steps of a biomass-to-ethanol process[J]Appl.Biochem.Biotechnol.,1996,711-727.
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