引发态度的语义特征新释
|
摘要
作为特殊的话语评价方式,引发态度将心智模型的情感知识用于涵义赋码,在事实复述中隐现说话者的评价行为。本研究基于意义的社会认知观,讨论引发态度的生成理据、编码形式以及隐现程度,展示语义再生产、分布义韵与跨文化差异等引发机制。研究发现引发态度是联盟读者、构建归顺式阅读定位的评价策略。说话者可自主创造态度涵义,以特定的韵律逻辑引导评价认识,展现态度涵义存在的文化特异性。本研究旨在拓展引发态度的理论空间,提供一种解释评价话语的新路径。
Invoked attitude, as a characteristic evaluative device, employs emotive knowledge in mental model to encode connotation, which is capable of forging a compliant reading position. It is usually used for implicitly playing down subjective interference in narration. This paper, taking a socio-cognitive approach, discusses the motivation of invoked attitude, its encoding and implicitness. The defining features of invoked attitude involve meaning regeneration, distributive prosody and cross-culture differences. Speakers/writers use emotive knowledge to make connotative meaning; to adjust evaluative polarity by allocating attitudes as semantic prosody in discourse; to manifest cross-cultural preference in attitudinal connotation. This research aims to broaden theoretical studies of invoked attitude so as to pave a new way for evaluative discourse studies.
Invoked attitude, as a characteristic evaluative device, employs emotive knowledge in mental model to encode connotation, which is capable of forging a compliant reading position. It is usually used for implicitly playing down subjective interference in narration. This paper, taking a socio-cognitive approach, discusses the motivation of invoked attitude, its encoding and implicitness. The defining features of invoked attitude involve meaning regeneration, distributive prosody and cross-culture differences. Speakers/writers use emotive knowledge to make connotative meaning; to adjust evaluative polarity by allocating attitudes as semantic prosody in discourse; to manifest cross-cultural preference in attitudinal connotation. This research aims to broaden theoretical studies of invoked attitude so as to pave a new way for evaluative discourse studies.
引文
[1] Bednarek,M.Dimension of evaluation:Cognitive and linguistic perspectives[J].Pragmatics & Cognition,2009(1):146-175.
[2] Bulter,C.S.Systemic functional linguistics,cognitive linguistics and psycholinguistics opportunities for dialogue[J].Functions of Language,2013(2):185-218.
[3] Gibbs,R.W.Embodiment and Cognitive Science[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2005.
[4] Hume,D.A Treatise of Human Nature[M].New York:Penguin Classics,1985.
[5] Halliday,M.A.K.& C.M.I.M.Matthiessen.Construing Experience through Meaning:A Language-based Approach to Cognition[M].London:Cassell,1999.
[6] Hunston,S.& J.Sinclair.A local grammar of evaluation[A].In S.Hunston & G.Thompson(eds.).Evaluation in Text.Authorial Stance and the Construction of Discourse[C].Oxford:Oxford University Press,2000:74-101.
[7] Horarik,M.M.& I.Anne.Appraising appraisal[A].In G.Thompson &.A.J.Laura(eds.).Evaluation in Context[C].Amsterdam:John Benjamins Publishing Company,2014:67-92.
[8] Hao,J.& S.Hood.Valuing science:The role of language and body language in a health science lecture[J].Journal of Pragmatics,2019(1):200-215.
[9] Lakoff,G.& M.Turner.More Than Cool Reason:A Field Guide to Poetic Metaphor[M].Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1989.
[10]McDougall,W.An Introduction to Social Psychology[M].Kitchener:Batoche Books,2001.
[11]Martin,J.R.& P.R.R.White.The Language Evaluation:Appraisal in English[M].New York:Palgrave Macmilliam,2005.
[12]Martin,J.R.Comment[J].World Englishes,2007(1):84-86.
[13]Ortony,A.,Clore,G.L.& A.Collins.The Cognitive Structure of Emotions[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1988.
[14]Oyserman,D.& S.W.S.Lee.Does culture influence what and how we think?Effects of priming individualism and collectivism[J].Psychological Bulletin,2008(2):311-342.
[15]Painter,C.,Martin,J.& L.Unsworth.Reading Visual Narratives:Image Analysis of Children’s Picture Books[M].London:Equinox,2013.
[16]Reid,C.A.,Davis,J.L.& J.D.Green.The power of change:Interpersonal attraction as a function of attitude similarity and attitude alignment[J].The Journal of Social Psychology,2013(6):700-719.
[17]Sweetser ,E.The definition of lie:An examination of the folk models underlying a semantie prototype[A].In D.Holland & N.Quinn (eds.).Culture Models in Language and Thought[C].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1987:43-66.
[18]Searle,J.R.Mind:A Brief Introduction[M].Oxford:Oxford University,2005.
[19]Song,C.F.Lexical realization of attitudinal meaning and its coding in discourse analysis[J].Text & Talk,2015(3):383-405.
[20]Thibault,P.J.Brain,Mind,and the Signifying Body:An Ecosocial Semiotic Theory[M].New York:Continuum,2004.
[21]van Dijk,T.A.Discourse and Knowledge:A Sociocognitive Approach[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2004.
[22]冯德正.视觉语法的新发展:基于图画书的视觉叙事分析框架[J].外语教学,2015(5):23-27.
[23]彭宣维.汉英评价意义分析手册[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2015.
[24]宋健楠.隐喻的态度评价价值考略[J].西安外国语大学学报,2016(3):50-55.
[25]唐丽萍.美国大报之中国形象的语料库语言学方法辅助下的批评话语分析[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2016.
[26]余樟亚,胡文辉.隐性评价的“规约含义”与“会话含义”[J].外语学刊,2015(5):33-36.
[27]钟毅平.社会认知心理学[M].北京:科学教育出版社,2012.
[2] Bulter,C.S.Systemic functional linguistics,cognitive linguistics and psycholinguistics opportunities for dialogue[J].Functions of Language,2013(2):185-218.
[3] Gibbs,R.W.Embodiment and Cognitive Science[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2005.
[4] Hume,D.A Treatise of Human Nature[M].New York:Penguin Classics,1985.
[5] Halliday,M.A.K.& C.M.I.M.Matthiessen.Construing Experience through Meaning:A Language-based Approach to Cognition[M].London:Cassell,1999.
[6] Hunston,S.& J.Sinclair.A local grammar of evaluation[A].In S.Hunston & G.Thompson(eds.).Evaluation in Text.Authorial Stance and the Construction of Discourse[C].Oxford:Oxford University Press,2000:74-101.
[7] Horarik,M.M.& I.Anne.Appraising appraisal[A].In G.Thompson &.A.J.Laura(eds.).Evaluation in Context[C].Amsterdam:John Benjamins Publishing Company,2014:67-92.
[8] Hao,J.& S.Hood.Valuing science:The role of language and body language in a health science lecture[J].Journal of Pragmatics,2019(1):200-215.
[9] Lakoff,G.& M.Turner.More Than Cool Reason:A Field Guide to Poetic Metaphor[M].Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1989.
[10]McDougall,W.An Introduction to Social Psychology[M].Kitchener:Batoche Books,2001.
[11]Martin,J.R.& P.R.R.White.The Language Evaluation:Appraisal in English[M].New York:Palgrave Macmilliam,2005.
[12]Martin,J.R.Comment[J].World Englishes,2007(1):84-86.
[13]Ortony,A.,Clore,G.L.& A.Collins.The Cognitive Structure of Emotions[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1988.
[14]Oyserman,D.& S.W.S.Lee.Does culture influence what and how we think?Effects of priming individualism and collectivism[J].Psychological Bulletin,2008(2):311-342.
[15]Painter,C.,Martin,J.& L.Unsworth.Reading Visual Narratives:Image Analysis of Children’s Picture Books[M].London:Equinox,2013.
[16]Reid,C.A.,Davis,J.L.& J.D.Green.The power of change:Interpersonal attraction as a function of attitude similarity and attitude alignment[J].The Journal of Social Psychology,2013(6):700-719.
[17]Sweetser ,E.The definition of lie:An examination of the folk models underlying a semantie prototype[A].In D.Holland & N.Quinn (eds.).Culture Models in Language and Thought[C].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1987:43-66.
[18]Searle,J.R.Mind:A Brief Introduction[M].Oxford:Oxford University,2005.
[19]Song,C.F.Lexical realization of attitudinal meaning and its coding in discourse analysis[J].Text & Talk,2015(3):383-405.
[20]Thibault,P.J.Brain,Mind,and the Signifying Body:An Ecosocial Semiotic Theory[M].New York:Continuum,2004.
[21]van Dijk,T.A.Discourse and Knowledge:A Sociocognitive Approach[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2004.
[22]冯德正.视觉语法的新发展:基于图画书的视觉叙事分析框架[J].外语教学,2015(5):23-27.
[23]彭宣维.汉英评价意义分析手册[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2015.
[24]宋健楠.隐喻的态度评价价值考略[J].西安外国语大学学报,2016(3):50-55.
[25]唐丽萍.美国大报之中国形象的语料库语言学方法辅助下的批评话语分析[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2016.
[26]余樟亚,胡文辉.隐性评价的“规约含义”与“会话含义”[J].外语学刊,2015(5):33-36.
[27]钟毅平.社会认知心理学[M].北京:科学教育出版社,2012.