超深孔爆破扩裂提高硬岩巷道机掘效能技术
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摘要
为了解决煤矿全断面硬岩巷道采用岩石掘进机掘进过程中出现的掘进效率低、截齿损耗大、粉尘严重等问题,提出超深孔爆破扩裂技术,增大岩体内裂隙与损伤范围,保留机掘岩巷的速度优势。以新元煤矿为例,通过改进超深孔爆破技术工艺,结合典型岩样静、动力学实验,确定超深孔爆破设计参数,井下试验表明:在全断面为硬岩的情况下该技术方案可以减少59.8%的截齿消耗,平均粉尘量降低幅度达到了49.9%,显著降低掘进成本,改善工作环境。
To solve the problems of low excavation efficiency, large cutting tooth loss and serious dust in the tunneling process of full-section hard rock roadway in coal mine, the ultra-deep hole blasting cracking technology is proposed to increase the crack and damage range in the rock mass, and to keep the speed advantage of tunneling soft rock roadway. Taking Xinyuan Coal Mine as an example, the ultra-deep hole blasting design parameters are determined by improving the ultra-deep hole blasting technology and the typical rock sample static and dynamic experiments. The field test shows that the technical scheme can reduce the pick consumption by 59.8%, and the average dust amount decreases by 49.9% in the case of full-section hard rock, which significantly reduces the cost of tunneling and improves the working environment.
To solve the problems of low excavation efficiency, large cutting tooth loss and serious dust in the tunneling process of full-section hard rock roadway in coal mine, the ultra-deep hole blasting cracking technology is proposed to increase the crack and damage range in the rock mass, and to keep the speed advantage of tunneling soft rock roadway. Taking Xinyuan Coal Mine as an example, the ultra-deep hole blasting design parameters are determined by improving the ultra-deep hole blasting technology and the typical rock sample static and dynamic experiments. The field test shows that the technical scheme can reduce the pick consumption by 59.8%, and the average dust amount decreases by 49.9% in the case of full-section hard rock, which significantly reduces the cost of tunneling and improves the working environment.
引文
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[2]林岩,张强,袁智,等.综掘装备硬岩化技术发展[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2012(2):51-55.
[3]汪海波,徐轩,宗琦,等.综掘硬岩段深孔超前爆破研究与应用[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(4):908-915.
[4]杨仁树.我国煤矿岩巷安全高效掘进技术现状与展望[J].煤炭科学技术,2013,41(9):18-23.
[5]汪海波,宗琦,董继华.硬岩松动预裂爆破技术在岩巷综掘中的应用研究[J].煤炭工程,2012(11):32-33.
[6]郭德勇,商登莹,吕鹏飞,等.深孔聚能爆破坚硬顶板弱化试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(7):1149.
[7]董福凯.顶板弱化处理法在开采坚硬顶板煤层中的应用[J].中国煤炭工业,2011(12):38-39.
[8]毕科柯.长平煤矿综采工作面过构造区深孔松动爆破技术的应用[J].现代矿业,2017(9):255-256.
[9]谢飞杨,孙涛,杨朔.深孔预裂爆破增透试验研究[J].煤炭技术,2018(4):57.
[10]刘健,刘泽功,高魁,等.深孔爆破在综放开采坚硬顶煤预先弱化和瓦斯抽采中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014(S1):3361-3367.
[11]李有春.深孔爆破卸压防治冲击地压技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2013(S1):3-5.
[12]赵善坤,欧阳振华,刘军,等.超前深孔顶板爆破防治冲击地压原理分析及实践研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(S2):3768-3775.
[13]郭浩,郭连军,张大宁,等.霍普金森压杆实验在爆破中的应用[J].现代矿业,2015,31(3):174-176.
[14]巫绪涛,谢思发,胡俊.EPS混凝土的动态抗压强度和吸能特性[J].振动与冲击,2013,32(17):133.