成品革裁剪废料的纤维化及抄纸性能研究
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摘要
成品革裁剪废料是一类特殊的皮革固体废弃物,本文通过对其进行纤维化处理,与一定比例的废纸浆混合抄造制备纸板,并对该皮-纸复合纸板的理化性能进行了研究。首先以纤维的分散状况为考察指标,对成品革裁剪废料的纤维化处理进行工艺优化,最佳纤维化工艺参数为:温度50～55℃,硫酸用量为5%,转速1000 r/min,反应时间1 h;然后以滑石粉、聚丙烯酰胺和松香为添加剂,按不同比例的皮纤维和纸纤维混合抄纸,并通过全自动拉力试验机、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、热重分析(TGA)和差示扫描量热仪(DSC)对所得纸板的物理、机械和热性能进行表征。结果表明,皮-纸复合纸板展现出较好的性能,即混合纸板具有良好的纤维交织、较高的分解温度、较好的热稳定性。基于以上结果,本文所制备的复合纸板可望作为原料,生产诸如轻手袋、鞋盒等纸产品。
The cutting waste of finished leather is one special kind of leather solid waste, was fully fibered by a pretreatment process and pulping followed, and the obtained leather fibers were then mixed with a certain proportion of paper pulp to prepare leather-paper composite cardboard. Firstly, the fibrous dispersion degree was used as the index to optimize the pretreatment procedure for the finished leather waste, and the optimum fibrosis condition is as follows:temperature of 50-55 ℃, acid dosage of 5%-10% and reaction time of 1 h. Then, by using talcum powder,polyacrylamide or rosin as fillers, the papermaking process was then investigated, and the properties of the obtained paperboards were well characterized by the automatic tensile testing machine, scanning electron microscope(SEM),thermogravimetric analysis(TG) and differential scanning calorimeter(DSC). Results show that, compared to the cardboard prepared by only leather fibers, the composite leather-paper cardboard exhibited much better mechanical properties, namely, the better weaving situation, higher thermal stability and transformation temperature. Based on these results, a feasible procedure of fibering and papermaking was established in this paper for the re-utilization of the cutting waste of finished leather, and the composite board prepared might be potential to be used as a raw material for the manufacture of consumer goods such as light handbags, shoe boxes and non-woven fabrics.
The cutting waste of finished leather is one special kind of leather solid waste, was fully fibered by a pretreatment process and pulping followed, and the obtained leather fibers were then mixed with a certain proportion of paper pulp to prepare leather-paper composite cardboard. Firstly, the fibrous dispersion degree was used as the index to optimize the pretreatment procedure for the finished leather waste, and the optimum fibrosis condition is as follows:temperature of 50-55 ℃, acid dosage of 5%-10% and reaction time of 1 h. Then, by using talcum powder,polyacrylamide or rosin as fillers, the papermaking process was then investigated, and the properties of the obtained paperboards were well characterized by the automatic tensile testing machine, scanning electron microscope(SEM),thermogravimetric analysis(TG) and differential scanning calorimeter(DSC). Results show that, compared to the cardboard prepared by only leather fibers, the composite leather-paper cardboard exhibited much better mechanical properties, namely, the better weaving situation, higher thermal stability and transformation temperature. Based on these results, a feasible procedure of fibering and papermaking was established in this paper for the re-utilization of the cutting waste of finished leather, and the composite board prepared might be potential to be used as a raw material for the manufacture of consumer goods such as light handbags, shoe boxes and non-woven fabrics.
引文
[1]王睿,向旭,黄彬,等.制鞋业废弃物回收利用研究进展[J].中国皮革,2017,46(4):52-54.
[2] Jiang H Y,Liu J S,Han W.The status and developments of leather solid waste treatment:A mini-review[J].Waste Management&Research,2016,34(5):399-408.
[3]栾俊,刁屾,陈沛海,等.革屑资源化利用研究进展[J].皮革科学与工程,2016,26(5):28-34.
[4] Scopel B S,Baldasso C,Dettmer A,et al.Hydrolysis of Chromium Tanned Leather Waste:Turning Waste into Valuable Materials-A Review[J].Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association,2018,113(4):122-129.
[5] Rosu C,Popita G E,Manciula D,et al.Tanned leather waste:A hazardous waste or not?[J].Journal of Environmental Protection and Ecology,2015,16(3):899-907.
[6] Assamoi B,Lawryshyn Y.The environmental comparison of landfilling vs.incineration of MSW accounting for waste diversion[J].Waste Management,2012,32(5):1019-1030.
[7]韩雪梅,汤曼曼.皮胶原纤维在造纸中的应用研究进展[J].西部皮革,2014,36(8):29-31.
[8] Senthil R,Hemalatha T,Kumar B S,et al.Recycling of finished leather wastes:a novel approach[J].Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy,2015,17(1):187-197.
[9] Teklay A,Gebeyehu G,Getachew T,et al.Preparation of value added composite boards using finished leather waste and plant fibers—a waste utilization effort in Ethiopia[J].Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy,2017,19(5):1285-1296.
[10] Ruiz M R,Budemberg E R,da Cunha G P,et al.An Innovative Material Based on Natural Rubber and Leather Tannery Waste to Be Applied as Antistatic Flooring[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2015,132(3):41297.
[11]谭扬,邱化玉,任俊莉.胶原纤维的提取及其对纸张和纸浆性能影响的研究进展[J].中国皮革,2005,34(5):48-52.
[12] Bufalo G,Florio C,Cinelli G,et al.Principles of minimal wrecking and maximum separation of solid waste to innovate tanning industries and reduce their environmental impact:The case of paperboard manufacture[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2018,174:324-332.
[13]付丽红,齐永钦.动物胶原纤维与植物纤维复合抄片结构的研究[J].皮革科学与工程,1999,9(4):13-17.
[14]罗晓民,丁绍兰,周庆芳.皮革理化分析[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2013.
[15] GB 7467-87,水质六价铬的测定二苯碳酰二肼分光光度法[S].1987.
[16] GB 7466-87,水质总铬的测定高锰酸钾氧化-二苯碳酰二肼分光光度法[S].1987.
[17] GB 11901-89,水质悬浮物的测定重量法[S].1989.
[18]焦翔,吕伯昇,陈金媛.制革废水处理工艺运行优化研究[D].浙江工业大学,2016.
[2] Jiang H Y,Liu J S,Han W.The status and developments of leather solid waste treatment:A mini-review[J].Waste Management&Research,2016,34(5):399-408.
[3]栾俊,刁屾,陈沛海,等.革屑资源化利用研究进展[J].皮革科学与工程,2016,26(5):28-34.
[4] Scopel B S,Baldasso C,Dettmer A,et al.Hydrolysis of Chromium Tanned Leather Waste:Turning Waste into Valuable Materials-A Review[J].Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association,2018,113(4):122-129.
[5] Rosu C,Popita G E,Manciula D,et al.Tanned leather waste:A hazardous waste or not?[J].Journal of Environmental Protection and Ecology,2015,16(3):899-907.
[6] Assamoi B,Lawryshyn Y.The environmental comparison of landfilling vs.incineration of MSW accounting for waste diversion[J].Waste Management,2012,32(5):1019-1030.
[7]韩雪梅,汤曼曼.皮胶原纤维在造纸中的应用研究进展[J].西部皮革,2014,36(8):29-31.
[8] Senthil R,Hemalatha T,Kumar B S,et al.Recycling of finished leather wastes:a novel approach[J].Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy,2015,17(1):187-197.
[9] Teklay A,Gebeyehu G,Getachew T,et al.Preparation of value added composite boards using finished leather waste and plant fibers—a waste utilization effort in Ethiopia[J].Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy,2017,19(5):1285-1296.
[10] Ruiz M R,Budemberg E R,da Cunha G P,et al.An Innovative Material Based on Natural Rubber and Leather Tannery Waste to Be Applied as Antistatic Flooring[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2015,132(3):41297.
[11]谭扬,邱化玉,任俊莉.胶原纤维的提取及其对纸张和纸浆性能影响的研究进展[J].中国皮革,2005,34(5):48-52.
[12] Bufalo G,Florio C,Cinelli G,et al.Principles of minimal wrecking and maximum separation of solid waste to innovate tanning industries and reduce their environmental impact:The case of paperboard manufacture[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2018,174:324-332.
[13]付丽红,齐永钦.动物胶原纤维与植物纤维复合抄片结构的研究[J].皮革科学与工程,1999,9(4):13-17.
[14]罗晓民,丁绍兰,周庆芳.皮革理化分析[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2013.
[15] GB 7467-87,水质六价铬的测定二苯碳酰二肼分光光度法[S].1987.
[16] GB 7466-87,水质总铬的测定高锰酸钾氧化-二苯碳酰二肼分光光度法[S].1987.
[17] GB 11901-89,水质悬浮物的测定重量法[S].1989.
[18]焦翔,吕伯昇,陈金媛.制革废水处理工艺运行优化研究[D].浙江工业大学,2016.
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