超大跨度水下隧道侧部集中排烟适用性研究
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摘要
以超大跨度水下隧道为研究对象,基于FDS火灾数值模拟方法,构建矩形水下隧道侧部集中排烟计算模型,通过对不同火灾工况下隧道内烟气分布及排烟效率特性进行研究,得到侧部集中排烟在不同宽度隧道内的适用性。研究结果表明:随着隧道宽度增加,隧道横断面风速衰减明显,侧部集中排烟效率降低,对于单向4车道以上宽度的超大跨矩形隧道,火灾时侧部集中排烟适用性较差,且不利于人员疏散。
Taking large-span underwater tunnel as the research objective,based on FDS Numerical Simulation Method,numerical calculation model of lateral concentrated smoke exhausting in rectangular underwater tunnel was established. The adaptability of lateral concentrated exhaust mode in tunnels of variable widths is obtained through the analysis of smoke distribution and smoke exhausting efficiency under different working conditions. The results are as follows: the increase of width results in the decrease of smoke exhausting efficiency. With the increase of width,the wind velocity of cross-section decreases dramatically. For large-span rectangular tunnels of uni-directional four-lane or even wider ones,the lateral centralized exhaust mode shows poor adaptability,which is inaccessible to evacuation.
Taking large-span underwater tunnel as the research objective,based on FDS Numerical Simulation Method,numerical calculation model of lateral concentrated smoke exhausting in rectangular underwater tunnel was established. The adaptability of lateral concentrated exhaust mode in tunnels of variable widths is obtained through the analysis of smoke distribution and smoke exhausting efficiency under different working conditions. The results are as follows: the increase of width results in the decrease of smoke exhausting efficiency. With the increase of width,the wind velocity of cross-section decreases dramatically. For large-span rectangular tunnels of uni-directional four-lane or even wider ones,the lateral centralized exhaust mode shows poor adaptability,which is inaccessible to evacuation.
引文
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[2]VAUQUELIN O,MEGET O.Smoke Extraction Experiments in Case of Fire in a Tunnel[J].Fire Safety Journal,2002,37:525-533.
[3]邱永海,楼波,许建红,等.火源与排烟口布置对隧道火灾排烟影响的数值模拟[J].安全与环境学报,2016,16(3):51-55.
[4]张玉春,何川,曾艳华,等.特长公路隧道集中排烟方式研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2009,29(6):663-667.
[5]潘一平,徐志胜,王闪,等.公路隧道集中排烟道排烟阀结构设计参数研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2012,8(2):408-414.
[6]蒋亚强.不同排烟条件下通道内火灾烟气的输运特性研究[D].合肥:中国科学技术大学,2009.
[7]李钰,蔡世杰,朱凯强.隧道侧壁排烟烟气特征的数值模拟[J].大连交通大学学报,2016,37(3):68-72.
[8]吴华.港珠澳海底隧道火灾工况下排烟口几何尺寸优化研究[D].西安:长安大学,2010.
[9]田堃.离岸特长沉管隧道火灾排烟试验研究[D].重庆:重庆交通大学,2015.
[10]田堃,陈大飞,蒋树屏,等.沉管隧道单组排烟口合理开启角度研究[J].公路交通技术,2015(4):122-126.
[11]吴德兴,李伟平,郑国平.国内外公路隧道火灾排烟设计理念比较[J].公路交通技术,2008(5):113-127.
[12]张琦,刘帅,陈建忠.水下隧道设计火灾规模研究[J].公路交通技术,2017,33(6):105-110.
[13]陈建忠,李家龙.公路隧道中控制火灾烟流的计算模型[J].公路交通技术,2008(3):104-107.