面向斜滑坡安全监测的OFDR光纤应力传感系统
|
摘要
斜滑坡安全监控对于保障国民人身安全,维护社会稳定具有重要作用。近年来,分布式光纤应力传感技术已经成为了斜滑坡监测的重要手段,然而光时域反射计(OTDR)和布里渊光时域反射计(BOTDR)技术存在空间分辨率相对较低等不足,限制了其在斜滑坡内部应力监测的应用。本文提出了一种基于光频域反射计(OFDR)的斜滑坡光纤传感监测系统,利用光纤微弯应力传感器实现了应力的测量。实验结果表明该系统的测量距离达到1 300 m以上,空间分辨率小于5 cm,压强测量范围为0～20 MPa,最大相对误差为4.44%。该系统在三峡库区进行了现场实地测试,结果表明,该系统能精确地测量到位于63.78 m、146.26 m和171.17 m处的3个内部应力。
Safety monitoring of landslide plays an important role in safeguarding national life safety and maintaining social stability. In recent years,distributed optical fiber stress sensing technology has been recognized as a significant method for landslide monitoring. However,either optical time domain reflectometry( OTDR) or Brillouin optical time domain reflectometry( BOTDR) has an inadequate spatial resolution,which limits their application in the internal stress monitoring of landslide. In this paper,an optical fiber sensor system for landslide monitoring is proposed based on optical frequency domain reflectometry( OFDR),in which the stress measurement is realized by using optical fiber micro-bend stress sensor. Experimental results show that the measuring distance of this system is more than 1 300 m with a spatial resolution less than 5 cm. The pressure measurement range is 0 ～ 20 MPa with a maximum relative error of 4.44%. The system is also field-tested in the Tree Gorges Reservoir area,and the results show that the system can accurately measure three internal stresses located at 63.78 m,146.26 m and 171.17 m.
Safety monitoring of landslide plays an important role in safeguarding national life safety and maintaining social stability. In recent years,distributed optical fiber stress sensing technology has been recognized as a significant method for landslide monitoring. However,either optical time domain reflectometry( OTDR) or Brillouin optical time domain reflectometry( BOTDR) has an inadequate spatial resolution,which limits their application in the internal stress monitoring of landslide. In this paper,an optical fiber sensor system for landslide monitoring is proposed based on optical frequency domain reflectometry( OFDR),in which the stress measurement is realized by using optical fiber micro-bend stress sensor. Experimental results show that the measuring distance of this system is more than 1 300 m with a spatial resolution less than 5 cm. The pressure measurement range is 0 ～ 20 MPa with a maximum relative error of 4.44%. The system is also field-tested in the Tree Gorges Reservoir area,and the results show that the system can accurately measure three internal stresses located at 63.78 m,146.26 m and 171.17 m.
引文
[1] 邬晓岚,涂亚庆. 滑坡监测方法及新进展[J]. 中国仪器仪表,2001(3):10-13.
[2] 王卫东,夏丽,寇珊珊,等. 边坡变形监测技术分析[J]. 山东水利,2003(12):36-37.
[3] 苏华. 滑坡灾害监测新技术与新方法[J]. 山西建筑,2009,35(30):128-129.
[4] Mendez A,Morse T F,Mendez F. Applications of Embedded Fiber Optic Sensors in Reinforced Concrete Buildings and Structures[R]. SPIE.1990:60-69.
[5] 欧进萍,周智. 光纤光栅传感器及其在大型结构工程健康监测领域的应用[R]. 光纤传感器的发展与产业化国际论坛,2005.
[6] 史彦新,张青. 分布式光纤传感技术在滑坡监测中的应用[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2008,38(5):820-824.
[7] 代志勇,袁勇,刘永智. 基于光纤应力传感的山体滑坡监测系统研究[J]. 光学与光电技术,2004,2(3):51-53.
[8] 张利勋,刘永智,欧中华,等. 滑坡崩塌岩体推力监测用分布式OTDR技术[J]. 光电工程,2006,33(7):52-56.
[9] 唐天国,陈春华,刘浩吾. 分布式光纤传感用于大坝基座裂缝监测[J]. 传感技术学报,2007,20(10):2357-2360.
[10] Kihara M,Hiramatsu K,Shima M,et al. Distributed Optical Fiber Strain Sensor for Detecting River Embankment Collapse[J]. Ieice Transactions on Electronics,2002,85(4):952-959.
[11] Komatsu K,Fujihashi K,Okutsu M. Application of Optical Sensing Technology to the Civil Engineering Field with Optical Fiber Strain Measurement Device(BOTDR)[C]//Photonics Asia,2002.
[12] 施斌.徐洪钟.张丹. BOTDR 应变监测技术应用在大型基础工程健康诊断中的可行性研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(3):493-499.
[13] Ding Z Y,Wang C H,Liu K,et al. Distributed Optical Fiber Sensors Based on Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry:A Review[J]. Sensors,2018,18(4).
[14] Ding Z Y,Yang D,Du Y,et al. Distributed Strain and Temperature Discrimination Using Two Types of Fiber in OFDR[J]. IEEE Photonics Journal,2016,8(5):1-8.
[15] Fan X,Yang G,Wang S,et al. Distributed Fiber-Optic Vibration Sensing Based on Phase Extraction From Optical Reflectometry[J]. Journal of Lightwave Technology,2017,35(16):3281-3288.
[16] Wei C,Chen H,Chen X,et al. Distributed Transverse Stress Measurement Along an Optic Fiber Using Polarimetric OFDR[J]. Optics Letters,2016,41(12):2819-2822.
[17] Fan X,Koshikiya Y,Ito F. Centimeter-Level Spatial Resolution over 40 km Realized by Bandwidth-Division Phase-Noise-Compensated OFDR[J]. Optics. Express,2011,19(20):19122-19128.
[18] 王潇,张学亮,胡正良,等. 干涉型光纤传感系统偏振分集接收实验研究[J]. 光学学报,2010,30(6):1566-1570.
[19] Kersey A D,Marrone M J,Dandridge A. Analysis of Input-Polarization-Induced Phase Noise in Interferometric Fiber-Optic Sensors and Its Reduction Using Polarization Scrambling[J]. Journal of Lightwave Technology,1990,8(6):838-845.
[20] Kersey A D,Marrone M J,Dandridge A. Observation of Input-Polarization-Induced Phase Noise in Interferometric Fiber-Optic Sensors[J]. Optics Letter,1988,13(10):847-849.
[21] Moore E D,Mcleod R R. Correction of Sampling Errors due to Laser Tuning Rate Fluctuations in Swept-Wavelength Interferometry[J]. Optics Express,2008,16(17):13139-13149.
[22] Du Y,Liu T G,Ding Z Y,et al. Method for Improving Spatial Resolution and Amplitude by Optimized Deskew Filter in Long-Range OFDR[J]. IEEE Photonics Journal,2014,6(5):1-11.
[23] Venkatesh S,Sorin W V. Phase Noise Considerations in Coherent Optical FMCW Reflectometry[J]. Journal of Lightwave Technology,1993,11(10):1694-1700.
[24] Meta A,Hoogeboom P,Ligthart L. Range Non-Linearities Correction in FMCW SAR[C]//Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium,2006:403-406.
[25] Ding Z Y,Yao X S,Liu T G,et al. Compensation of Laser Frequency Tuning Nonlinearity of a Long Range OFDR Using Deskew Filter[J]. Optics Epress,2013,21(3):3826-3834.杨帆(1989-),男,四川绵阳人,博士研究生,主要从事光纤传感和信号处理方面的研究,wawling@ 126.com;欧中华(1978-),男,重庆人,副教授,主要从事光纤与光通信、光电传感与信息处理和光电测量仪器方面的研究,ozh@uestc.edu.cn; 周晓军(1955-),女,教授,博士生导师,主要从事光纤传感器和光纤技术研究,xjzhou@uestc.edu.cn。
[2] 王卫东,夏丽,寇珊珊,等. 边坡变形监测技术分析[J]. 山东水利,2003(12):36-37.
[3] 苏华. 滑坡灾害监测新技术与新方法[J]. 山西建筑,2009,35(30):128-129.
[4] Mendez A,Morse T F,Mendez F. Applications of Embedded Fiber Optic Sensors in Reinforced Concrete Buildings and Structures[R]. SPIE.1990:60-69.
[5] 欧进萍,周智. 光纤光栅传感器及其在大型结构工程健康监测领域的应用[R]. 光纤传感器的发展与产业化国际论坛,2005.
[6] 史彦新,张青. 分布式光纤传感技术在滑坡监测中的应用[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2008,38(5):820-824.
[7] 代志勇,袁勇,刘永智. 基于光纤应力传感的山体滑坡监测系统研究[J]. 光学与光电技术,2004,2(3):51-53.
[8] 张利勋,刘永智,欧中华,等. 滑坡崩塌岩体推力监测用分布式OTDR技术[J]. 光电工程,2006,33(7):52-56.
[9] 唐天国,陈春华,刘浩吾. 分布式光纤传感用于大坝基座裂缝监测[J]. 传感技术学报,2007,20(10):2357-2360.
[10] Kihara M,Hiramatsu K,Shima M,et al. Distributed Optical Fiber Strain Sensor for Detecting River Embankment Collapse[J]. Ieice Transactions on Electronics,2002,85(4):952-959.
[11] Komatsu K,Fujihashi K,Okutsu M. Application of Optical Sensing Technology to the Civil Engineering Field with Optical Fiber Strain Measurement Device(BOTDR)[C]//Photonics Asia,2002.
[12] 施斌.徐洪钟.张丹. BOTDR 应变监测技术应用在大型基础工程健康诊断中的可行性研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(3):493-499.
[13] Ding Z Y,Wang C H,Liu K,et al. Distributed Optical Fiber Sensors Based on Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry:A Review[J]. Sensors,2018,18(4).
[14] Ding Z Y,Yang D,Du Y,et al. Distributed Strain and Temperature Discrimination Using Two Types of Fiber in OFDR[J]. IEEE Photonics Journal,2016,8(5):1-8.
[15] Fan X,Yang G,Wang S,et al. Distributed Fiber-Optic Vibration Sensing Based on Phase Extraction From Optical Reflectometry[J]. Journal of Lightwave Technology,2017,35(16):3281-3288.
[16] Wei C,Chen H,Chen X,et al. Distributed Transverse Stress Measurement Along an Optic Fiber Using Polarimetric OFDR[J]. Optics Letters,2016,41(12):2819-2822.
[17] Fan X,Koshikiya Y,Ito F. Centimeter-Level Spatial Resolution over 40 km Realized by Bandwidth-Division Phase-Noise-Compensated OFDR[J]. Optics. Express,2011,19(20):19122-19128.
[18] 王潇,张学亮,胡正良,等. 干涉型光纤传感系统偏振分集接收实验研究[J]. 光学学报,2010,30(6):1566-1570.
[19] Kersey A D,Marrone M J,Dandridge A. Analysis of Input-Polarization-Induced Phase Noise in Interferometric Fiber-Optic Sensors and Its Reduction Using Polarization Scrambling[J]. Journal of Lightwave Technology,1990,8(6):838-845.
[20] Kersey A D,Marrone M J,Dandridge A. Observation of Input-Polarization-Induced Phase Noise in Interferometric Fiber-Optic Sensors[J]. Optics Letter,1988,13(10):847-849.
[21] Moore E D,Mcleod R R. Correction of Sampling Errors due to Laser Tuning Rate Fluctuations in Swept-Wavelength Interferometry[J]. Optics Express,2008,16(17):13139-13149.
[22] Du Y,Liu T G,Ding Z Y,et al. Method for Improving Spatial Resolution and Amplitude by Optimized Deskew Filter in Long-Range OFDR[J]. IEEE Photonics Journal,2014,6(5):1-11.
[23] Venkatesh S,Sorin W V. Phase Noise Considerations in Coherent Optical FMCW Reflectometry[J]. Journal of Lightwave Technology,1993,11(10):1694-1700.
[24] Meta A,Hoogeboom P,Ligthart L. Range Non-Linearities Correction in FMCW SAR[C]//Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium,2006:403-406.
[25] Ding Z Y,Yao X S,Liu T G,et al. Compensation of Laser Frequency Tuning Nonlinearity of a Long Range OFDR Using Deskew Filter[J]. Optics Epress,2013,21(3):3826-3834.杨帆(1989-),男,四川绵阳人,博士研究生,主要从事光纤传感和信号处理方面的研究,wawling@ 126.com;欧中华(1978-),男,重庆人,副教授,主要从事光纤与光通信、光电传感与信息处理和光电测量仪器方面的研究,ozh@uestc.edu.cn; 周晓军(1955-),女,教授,博士生导师,主要从事光纤传感器和光纤技术研究,xjzhou@uestc.edu.cn。