中、美大学物理先修课程教材的比较研究
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摘要
"中国大学先修课程(Chinese Advanced Placement Courses,简称CAP课程)"的物理教材作为我国CAP物理教学活动的基本媒介,对课程发展有着深刻的影响。本文选取张汉壮教授主编的《CAP物理(力学)》与美国"AP物理C-力学"的主流教材之一——Young&Freedman教授主编的《University Physics》中的"力学"部分,将两者作为比较对象,旨在为我国CAP课程教材的编撰工作提供一些参考,以推进CAP物理课程的建设和实施。通过中、美两国教材共同点和差异性的比较得出,我国CAP课程应确立清晰的培养目标,强化知识的实用性,关注基础知识和知识的过程性推导,加强CAP课程教材与高中教材的有效衔接,注重与生活相联系,培养学生分析、处理和解决问题的能力。
The "Chinese Advanced Placement Courses"(CAP courses)physics textbooks serve as the basic medium for the preliminaries of the teaching activities in CAP courses.It has a profound impact on the development of the curriculum.This article selects the "CAP physics(mechanics)"edited by Professor Zhang Hanzhuang and the "Mechanics" in "University Physics" edited by Young & Freedman.Using the two textbooks as comparison objects,which aims to provide some references for our country's corresponding textbook compilation work and promotes the construction and implementation of CAP physics courses.Through the comparison of the common points and differences between Chinese and American textbooks,it can be concluded that CAP courses should clearly define the curriculum training objectives,focusing on basic knowledge and the process of derivation of knowledge,enhancing the effective linkage between CAP Courses textbooks and high school textbooks,emphasizing the connection with life and developing students'ability to analyze problems and solve problems.
The "Chinese Advanced Placement Courses"(CAP courses)physics textbooks serve as the basic medium for the preliminaries of the teaching activities in CAP courses.It has a profound impact on the development of the curriculum.This article selects the "CAP physics(mechanics)"edited by Professor Zhang Hanzhuang and the "Mechanics" in "University Physics" edited by Young & Freedman.Using the two textbooks as comparison objects,which aims to provide some references for our country's corresponding textbook compilation work and promotes the construction and implementation of CAP physics courses.Through the comparison of the common points and differences between Chinese and American textbooks,it can be concluded that CAP courses should clearly define the curriculum training objectives,focusing on basic knowledge and the process of derivation of knowledge,enhancing the effective linkage between CAP Courses textbooks and high school textbooks,emphasizing the connection with life and developing students'ability to analyze problems and solve problems.
引文
[1]李骐.美国AP课程对我国高考改革的启示---兼谈建立衔接大学与高中教育的大学先修课程体系[J].教育探索,2014(12):145-147.LI Q.Enlightenment of American AP course on China's college entrance examination reform---concurrently discussing the establishment of university prerequisite curriculum system for connecting university and high school education[J].Educational Exploration,2014(12):145-147.(in Chinese)
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[3]Hugh D Y,Roger A F.University Physics 13th:With modern physics[M].New York:Addison Wesley,2008.
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[5]中国大学先修课程试点项目管理委员会.中国大学先修课程项目介绍[EB/OL].(2017-5-10)[2018-6-10].http://www.csecap.com/AboutCAP.aspx.The Management Committee of Chinese Advanced Placement Courses Pilot Project.Introduction to the Chinese Advanced Placement Courses.[EB/OL].(2017-5-10)[2018-6-10].http://www.csecap.com/AboutCAP.aspx.(in Chinese)
[6]中国大学先修课程试点项目管理委员会.中国大学先修课程力学课程大纲[EB/OL].(2017-5-10)[2018-6-10].http://www.csecap.com/User_Instructions.aspx?id=196.The Management Committee of Chinese Advanced Placement Courses Pilot Project.Chinese advanced placement course(mechanics)outline[EB/OL].(2017-5-10)[2018-6-10].http://www.csecap.com/User_Instructions.aspx?id=196.(in Chinese)
[7]瞿林云,缪可可,赵馨蕊,等.美国大学先修(AP)物理课程分析[J].物理与工程,2018,28(1):35-45.QU L Y,MIAO K K,ZHAO X R,et al.Analysis of American advanced placement(AP)Physics[J].Physics and Engineering,2018,28(1):35-45.(in Chinese)
[8]鲍威,黄月,刘乃嘉.中美高等理科教育课程设置的比较研究[J].中国大学教学,2016(05):47-54+96.BAO W,HUANG Y,LIU N J.Comparative study on the curriculum setting of higher science education in China and the United States[J].China University Teaching,2016(5):47-54+96.(in Chinese)
[9]王化忠.中美大学物理实验教学模式的比较研究[J].云南农业大学学报(社会科学版),2013,7(1):54-58.WANG H Z.Comparison research on physics experiment teaching pattern of Chinese and American university[J].Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University(Social Science Edition),2013,7(1):54-58.(in Chinese)
[10]张留碗.中国大学物理先修课的现状与展望[J].物理与工程,2016,26(4):13-17.ZHANG L W.On China advanced placement physics[J].Physics and Engineering,2016,26(04):13-17.(in Chinese)
[2]国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要工作小组办公室.国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要(2010-2020年)[EB/OL].(2017-7-29)[2018-6-10].http://old.moe.gov.cn/publicfiles/business/htmlfiles/moe/info_list/201407/xxgk_171904.html.The Office of the National Medium-and Long-Term Education Reform and Development Plan Working Group.National Medium-and Long-Term Education Reform and Development Plan(2010-2020)[EB/OL].(2017-7-29)[2018-6-10].http://old.moe.gov.cn/publicfiles/business/htmlfiles/moe/info_list/201407/xxgk_171904.html.(in Chinese)
[3]Hugh D Y,Roger A F.University Physics 13th:With modern physics[M].New York:Addison Wesley,2008.
[4]张汉壮.中国大学先修课程---物理(力学)[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2016.
[5]中国大学先修课程试点项目管理委员会.中国大学先修课程项目介绍[EB/OL].(2017-5-10)[2018-6-10].http://www.csecap.com/AboutCAP.aspx.The Management Committee of Chinese Advanced Placement Courses Pilot Project.Introduction to the Chinese Advanced Placement Courses.[EB/OL].(2017-5-10)[2018-6-10].http://www.csecap.com/AboutCAP.aspx.(in Chinese)
[6]中国大学先修课程试点项目管理委员会.中国大学先修课程力学课程大纲[EB/OL].(2017-5-10)[2018-6-10].http://www.csecap.com/User_Instructions.aspx?id=196.The Management Committee of Chinese Advanced Placement Courses Pilot Project.Chinese advanced placement course(mechanics)outline[EB/OL].(2017-5-10)[2018-6-10].http://www.csecap.com/User_Instructions.aspx?id=196.(in Chinese)
[7]瞿林云,缪可可,赵馨蕊,等.美国大学先修(AP)物理课程分析[J].物理与工程,2018,28(1):35-45.QU L Y,MIAO K K,ZHAO X R,et al.Analysis of American advanced placement(AP)Physics[J].Physics and Engineering,2018,28(1):35-45.(in Chinese)
[8]鲍威,黄月,刘乃嘉.中美高等理科教育课程设置的比较研究[J].中国大学教学,2016(05):47-54+96.BAO W,HUANG Y,LIU N J.Comparative study on the curriculum setting of higher science education in China and the United States[J].China University Teaching,2016(5):47-54+96.(in Chinese)
[9]王化忠.中美大学物理实验教学模式的比较研究[J].云南农业大学学报(社会科学版),2013,7(1):54-58.WANG H Z.Comparison research on physics experiment teaching pattern of Chinese and American university[J].Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University(Social Science Edition),2013,7(1):54-58.(in Chinese)
[10]张留碗.中国大学物理先修课的现状与展望[J].物理与工程,2016,26(4):13-17.ZHANG L W.On China advanced placement physics[J].Physics and Engineering,2016,26(04):13-17.(in Chinese)