混合储能系统二次功率分配及交互控制策略在直流微网中的应用
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摘要
针对含随机性、间歇性可再生能源的微电网中储能装置自身容量有限带来的问题,提出了混合储能系统二次功率分配及交互控制策略。文章该策略依据超级电容的荷电状态(state of charge,SOC)确定系统的工作模式。文章详细分析了各工作模式下松弛终端的协调控制方法。在临界极限充放电模式下,引入交互修正电流的概念,根据电压变化率的大小确定交互修正电流的作用区间,使超级电容的荷电状态向稳定的方向变化;在系统极限充放电模式下,提出计及充放电量并考虑SOC恢复的改变滤波时间常数的二次功率分配及交互控制策略。最后将所提控制策略应用于直流微电网中进行仿真,结果表明,该控制策略可以增强储能装置的可靠性,实现荷电状态的自恢复,减少超级电容的能量配置。
Aiming at the randomness and intermittence of renewable energy in microgrid and the problems caused by the limited capacity of energy storage devices, a secondary power assignment and interactive control strategy for hybrid energy storage is proposed. The strategy determines the operating mode of the system according to the SOC(state of charge) of the supercapacitor, and the coordinated control method of slack terminal in each working mode is analyzed in detail. In the critical limit charging and discharging mode, the concept of interactive correction current is introduced, the action interval of the interactive correction current is determined according to the magnitude of voltage change rate, so that the state of charge of the supercapacitor changes to a stable direction. In the limit charging and discharging mode, secondary power assignment and interactive control strategy that take into account the charge and discharge amount and SOC recovery change the filter time constant is proposed. Finally, the proposed control strategy is applied to the simulation of a DC micro-grid. The results show that the control strategy can enhance the reliability of the energy storage device, realize the self-recovery of the state of the charge, and reduce the capacity configuration of the supercapacitor.
Aiming at the randomness and intermittence of renewable energy in microgrid and the problems caused by the limited capacity of energy storage devices, a secondary power assignment and interactive control strategy for hybrid energy storage is proposed. The strategy determines the operating mode of the system according to the SOC(state of charge) of the supercapacitor, and the coordinated control method of slack terminal in each working mode is analyzed in detail. In the critical limit charging and discharging mode, the concept of interactive correction current is introduced, the action interval of the interactive correction current is determined according to the magnitude of voltage change rate, so that the state of charge of the supercapacitor changes to a stable direction. In the limit charging and discharging mode, secondary power assignment and interactive control strategy that take into account the charge and discharge amount and SOC recovery change the filter time constant is proposed. Finally, the proposed control strategy is applied to the simulation of a DC micro-grid. The results show that the control strategy can enhance the reliability of the energy storage device, realize the self-recovery of the state of the charge, and reduce the capacity configuration of the supercapacitor.
引文
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[15] 周建萍,张纬舟,王涛,等.基于功率交互及动态分配的多储能单元控制策略[J].高电压技术,2018,44(4):1149-1156.ZHOU Jianping,ZHANG Weizhou,WANG Tao,et al.Control strategy of multiple energy storage sources based on power-interaction and dynamic allocation[J].High Voltage Engineering,2018,44(4):1149-1156.
[16] 高志刚,姜奋林.蓄电池储能系统的模块化均压拓扑研究[J].高电压技术,2016,42(4):1300-1307.GAO Zhigang,JIANG Fenlin.Research on a modular equalization topology for battery storage system[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(4):1300-1307.
[2] 杨新法,苏剑,吕志鹏,等.微电网技术综述[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(1):57-70.YANG Xinfa,SU Jian,Lü Zhipeng,et al.Overview on micro-grid technology[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(1):57-70.
[3] 张纯江,董杰,刘君,等.蓄电池与超级电容混合储能系统的控制策略[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(4):335-340.ZHANG Chunjiang,DONG Jie,LIU Jun,et al.A control strategy for battery-ultracapacitor hybrid energy storage system[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(4):335-340.
[4] PUTTGEN H B,MACGREGOR P R,LAMBERT F C.Distributed:Generation semantic hype or the dawn of a new era[J].IEEE Power & Energy Magazine,2003,1(1):22-29.
[5] LI S,MI C C,ZHANG M.A high-efficiency active battery-balancing circuit using multiwinding transformer[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2013,49(1):198-207.
[6] 张玮亚,李永丽.面向多分布式电源的微电网分区电压质量控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(28):4827-4838.ZHANG Weiya,LI Yongli.Zonal-voltage quality controlfor microgrid with multiple distributed generations[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(28):4827-4838.
[7] 李武华,徐驰,禹红斌,等.直流微网系统中混合储能分频协调控制策略[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(14):84-92.LI Wuhua,XU Chi,YU Hongbin,et al.Frequency dividing coordinated control strategy forhybrid energy storage system of DC micro-grid[J].Transactions of China Electechical Society,2016,31(14):84-92.
[8] GHOLIZADEH M,SALMASI F R.Estimation of state of charge unknown nonlinearities state of health of a lithium-ion battery based on a comprehensive unobservable model[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2014,61(3):1335-1344.
[9] MENDIS N,MUTTAQI K,PERERA S.Active power management of a supercapacitor-battery hybrid energy storage system for standalone operation of DFIG based wind turbines[C]// Proceedings of IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting.Las Vegas,USA:IEEE,2012:1-8.
[10] 牛浩明.光伏-混合储能直流微电网能量管理策略研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2017.NIU Haoming.Research on eeergy management strategy of DC micgrogrid with PV generation and hybrid energy storage[D].Taiyuan:Taiyuan University of Technology,2017.
[11] 周建萍,李泓青,李欣煜,等.基于MIC反馈的直流微网无差控制策略研究[J].可再生能源,2018,36(8):1168-1173.ZHOU Jianping,LI Hongqing,LI Xinyu,et al.Research on DC micro-grid deadbeat control strategy based on MIC feedback[J].Renewable Energy Resources,2018,36(8):1168-1173.
[12] 梁建钢,金新民,吴学智,等.基于下垂控制的微电网变流器并网运行控制方法改进[J].电力自动化设备,2014,34(4):59-64.LIANG Jiangang,JIN Xinmin,WU Xuezhi,et al.Improved grid connection operation of microgrid converter based on droop control[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2014,34(4):59-64.
[13] 李学斌,刘建伟.采用二阶滤波的混合储能系统实时功率分配方法[J/OL].电网技术.https://doi.org/10.13335/j.1000-3673.pst.2018.1447LI Xuebin,LIU Jianwei.Hybrid energy storage system real-time power distribution method adopting second-order filtering[J/OL].Power System Technology.https://doi.org/10.13335/j.1000-3673.pst.2018.1447
[14] 李卿,杨国华,唐浩,等.考虑蓄电池SOC安全范围的混合储能平抑风光功率波动策略[J].现代电力,2017,35(3):84-89.LI Qing,YANG Guohua,TANG Hao,et al.Strayegy of hybrid energy storage to stabilize wind-PV power fluctuation considering battery SOC safety range [J].Modern Electric Power,2017,35(3):84-89.
[15] 周建萍,张纬舟,王涛,等.基于功率交互及动态分配的多储能单元控制策略[J].高电压技术,2018,44(4):1149-1156.ZHOU Jianping,ZHANG Weizhou,WANG Tao,et al.Control strategy of multiple energy storage sources based on power-interaction and dynamic allocation[J].High Voltage Engineering,2018,44(4):1149-1156.
[16] 高志刚,姜奋林.蓄电池储能系统的模块化均压拓扑研究[J].高电压技术,2016,42(4):1300-1307.GAO Zhigang,JIANG Fenlin.Research on a modular equalization topology for battery storage system[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(4):1300-1307.