植物对不同形态磷响应特征研究进展
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摘要
磷是植物生长发育所必需的大量营养元素之一,参与植物体内许多重要化合物的合成与代谢。土壤中磷素具有多种形态,且不同形态磷的植物有效性差异较大;植物在不同形态磷环境下,体内会形成相应的适应性机制。植物吸收积累磷通常与根形态、根系分泌物、体内磷转运等因素有关,受到特异基因表达的调控。了解植物对磷的吸收积累特性是筛选磷高效植物或磷富集植物的前提,也是充分利用土壤磷素资源、修复磷过剩环境的关键。根据国内外研究现状,本文从磷素吸收积累、根系形态特征、磷酸酶与植酸酶的变化以及磷营养高效的分子机制,综述了植物对不同形态磷的响应特征,并对未来该领域的研究进行了展望。
Phosphorus(P) is one of the essential macronutrients that participates in many important compound synthesis and metabolism of plants.P exists in many forms in soil and gives different phytoavailability.Plants have developed specific mechanisms to adapt the dominant P sources in soil.It has been proved that the efficient P uptake and accumulation of plants are closely related with root morphology,rhizosphere secretion and phosphate transporter.Comprehending P accumulation characteristics of plants is important for breeding high P efficient crops or P-accumulators,excavating the ability of high P efficiency crops in the utilization of the potential P sources,and the key of using plants to extract excess P from P-enriched environments.According to the research achievements at home and abroad,this paper summarized the characteristics of P uptake,root morphology,root activities of phosphatase and phytase of plants when grown in different forms of P,and reviewed the progress in the research of molecular mechanism of high P efficiency.Meanwhile,the future researches in this field were forecasted.
Phosphorus(P) is one of the essential macronutrients that participates in many important compound synthesis and metabolism of plants.P exists in many forms in soil and gives different phytoavailability.Plants have developed specific mechanisms to adapt the dominant P sources in soil.It has been proved that the efficient P uptake and accumulation of plants are closely related with root morphology,rhizosphere secretion and phosphate transporter.Comprehending P accumulation characteristics of plants is important for breeding high P efficient crops or P-accumulators,excavating the ability of high P efficiency crops in the utilization of the potential P sources,and the key of using plants to extract excess P from P-enriched environments.According to the research achievements at home and abroad,this paper summarized the characteristics of P uptake,root morphology,root activities of phosphatase and phytase of plants when grown in different forms of P,and reviewed the progress in the research of molecular mechanism of high P efficiency.Meanwhile,the future researches in this field were forecasted.
引文
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