简化五禽戏功法锻炼对老年人动态平衡能力影响的临床研究
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摘要
目的观察简化五禽戏功法锻炼对老年人动态平衡能力的影响。方法将60例志愿者采用类实验研究方案,分成试验组和对照组,每组30例。试验组进行简化五禽戏功法锻炼,对照组进行拉伸锻炼。两组锻炼时间均为4个月,采用Biodex平衡测试仪观察志愿者睁眼与闭眼状态下的动态平衡能力指标。结果①最终完成试验者57例,试验组29例,对照组28例。②睁眼状态下,两组干预16周与干预0周总体平衡指数、前后平衡指数、左右平衡指数比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。组间干预0周、8周、16周比较,总体平衡指数、前后平衡指数、左右平衡指数差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。③重复测量资料的方差分析显示,睁眼状态下,总体平衡指数、前后平衡指数的组内变异中的时间因素存在显著统计学意义(P<0.05);而所有指标的时间×组别因素不存在显著统计学意义(P>0.05),提示无时间和组别的交互作用。所有指标的组间变异中的组别因素不存在统计学意义(P>0.05)。④闭眼状态下,试验组干预8周与干预0周、干预16周与干预0周的总体平衡指数、前后平衡指数、左右平衡指数比较差异有统计学意义,均明显降低(P<0.05)。干预16周与干预8周总体平衡指数、前后平衡指数、左右平衡指数的比较差异有统计学意义,明显降低(P<0.05)。对照组总体平衡指数、前后平衡指数在干预16周与干预0周、干预16周与干预8周时比较,差异有统计学意义,明显降低(P<0.05);而左右平衡指数在干预16周与干预0周、干预8周与干预0周时比较,差异有统计学意义,明显降低(P<0.05)。组间干预8周比较,总体平衡指数差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);组间干预16周比较,总体平衡指数、左右平衡指数差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。⑤重复测量资料的方差分析显示,闭眼状态下,总体平衡指数、前后平衡指数、左右平衡指数的组内变异中的时间因素存在显著统计学意义(P<0.05);而所有指标的时间×组别因素不存在显著统计学意义(P>0.05),提示无时间和组别的交互作用。总体平衡指数、左右平衡指数的组间变异中的组别因素存在显著统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论简化五禽戏锻炼可一定程度上增加老年人直立姿势的控制能力和稳定性,从而提高其动态平衡能力,其机制可能是改善了老年人前庭系统和感觉系统的灵敏性。
Objective To observe the effects of simplified wuqinxi on improving dynamic balance ability of the elderly. Methods Using the quasi-experiment research scheme, 60 volunteers were assigned into test group and control group, 30 in each group. Simplified wuqinxi was performed in the test group and stretching exercises were performed in the control group, with an exercise course of 4 months. The indicators of dynamic balance ability of the volunteers with eyes open and closed were observed on the Biodex balance tester. Results ①57 patients completed the experiment, including 29 and 28 volunteers in the test group and the control group respectively. ②With eyes open, there were no significant differences in the overall balance index, anterior-posterior balance index and left-right balance index between week 16 and week 0 in both groups(P>0.05). There were no significant differences in the overall balance index, anterior-posterior balance index and left-right balance index between the groups at week 0, week 8 and week 16(P>0.05). ③The ANOVA analysis of repeated measurements showed that with eyes open, there was statistical significance in the time factor of intra-group variations of the overall balance index and anterior-posterior balance index(P<0.05), while there was no statistical significance in the time * group factor of all indicators(P>0.05), suggesting that there was no interaction between time and group. There was no significant difference in the group factor of the inter-group variations of all indicators(P>0.05). ④With eyes closed, in the test group, the overall balance index, anterior-posterior balance index and left-right balance index decreased significantly at week 8 compared to week 0, at week 16 compared to week 0(P<0.05); there were significant differences in the overall balance index, anterior-posterior balance index and left-right balance index between week 16 and week 8(P<0.05). In the control group, the overall balance index and anterior-posterior balance index decreased significantly at week 16 compared to week 0, at week 16 compared to week 8(P<0.05); and the left-right balance index decreased significantly at week 16 compared to week 0, at week 8 compared to week 0(P<0.05). There was significant difference in the overall balance index between the groups at week 8(P<0.05); there were significant differences in the overall balance index and left-right balance index between the groups at week 16(P<0.05). ⑤The ANOVA analysis of repeated measurements showed that with eyes closed, there was statistical significance in the time factor of intra-group variations of the overall balance index, anterior-posterior balance index and left-right balance index(P<0.05), while there was no statistical significance in the time * group factor of all indicators(P>0.05), suggesting that there was no interaction between time and group. There was statistical significance in the group factor of the inter-group variations of the overall balance index and left-right balance index(P<0.05). Conclusion Simplified wuqinxi exercise can increase the control ability and stability of the elderly's upright posture, improve their dynamic balance ability, and the mechanism of action may be increasing sensitivity of the vestibular system and sensory system in the elderly.
Objective To observe the effects of simplified wuqinxi on improving dynamic balance ability of the elderly. Methods Using the quasi-experiment research scheme, 60 volunteers were assigned into test group and control group, 30 in each group. Simplified wuqinxi was performed in the test group and stretching exercises were performed in the control group, with an exercise course of 4 months. The indicators of dynamic balance ability of the volunteers with eyes open and closed were observed on the Biodex balance tester. Results ①57 patients completed the experiment, including 29 and 28 volunteers in the test group and the control group respectively. ②With eyes open, there were no significant differences in the overall balance index, anterior-posterior balance index and left-right balance index between week 16 and week 0 in both groups(P>0.05). There were no significant differences in the overall balance index, anterior-posterior balance index and left-right balance index between the groups at week 0, week 8 and week 16(P>0.05). ③The ANOVA analysis of repeated measurements showed that with eyes open, there was statistical significance in the time factor of intra-group variations of the overall balance index and anterior-posterior balance index(P<0.05), while there was no statistical significance in the time * group factor of all indicators(P>0.05), suggesting that there was no interaction between time and group. There was no significant difference in the group factor of the inter-group variations of all indicators(P>0.05). ④With eyes closed, in the test group, the overall balance index, anterior-posterior balance index and left-right balance index decreased significantly at week 8 compared to week 0, at week 16 compared to week 0(P<0.05); there were significant differences in the overall balance index, anterior-posterior balance index and left-right balance index between week 16 and week 8(P<0.05). In the control group, the overall balance index and anterior-posterior balance index decreased significantly at week 16 compared to week 0, at week 16 compared to week 8(P<0.05); and the left-right balance index decreased significantly at week 16 compared to week 0, at week 8 compared to week 0(P<0.05). There was significant difference in the overall balance index between the groups at week 8(P<0.05); there were significant differences in the overall balance index and left-right balance index between the groups at week 16(P<0.05). ⑤The ANOVA analysis of repeated measurements showed that with eyes closed, there was statistical significance in the time factor of intra-group variations of the overall balance index, anterior-posterior balance index and left-right balance index(P<0.05), while there was no statistical significance in the time * group factor of all indicators(P>0.05), suggesting that there was no interaction between time and group. There was statistical significance in the group factor of the inter-group variations of the overall balance index and left-right balance index(P<0.05). Conclusion Simplified wuqinxi exercise can increase the control ability and stability of the elderly's upright posture, improve their dynamic balance ability, and the mechanism of action may be increasing sensitivity of the vestibular system and sensory system in the elderly.
引文
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[10] NASHNER L M.Practical biomechanics and physiology of balance in[M].St.Louis:Mosby- Year Book Inc,1993:261- 279.
[11] CARVALHO J,MARQUES E,ASCENSAO A,et al.Multi- component exercise program improves blood lipid profile and antioxidant capacity in older women[J].Arch Gerontol Geriat,2010,48(5):1- 5.
[12] 沙鹏.健身气功五禽戏对中老年女性血脂指标及平衡能力的影响[J].陕西中医,2010,31(10):1332- 1335.
[2] 代志星,刘海莲.地方性知识视域下华佗五禽戏的养生理念溯源[J].北京体育大学报,2017,40(2):137- 144.
[3] 陈东烨.核心力量和健身路径锻炼改善男性老年人跌倒风险因素效果研究[D].天津:天津体育学院,2014:11.
[4] GSCHWIND Y J,KRESSIG R W,LACROIX A,et al.A best practicefall prevention exercise program to improve balance,strength/power,and psychosocial health in older adults:study protocolfor a randomized controlled trial[J].BMC Geriatr,2013,13(8):105.
[5] 李旭龙,纪仲秋.太极拳和健美操锻炼对大学生静态平衡能力的影响[J].中国运动医学杂志,2013,32(7):591- 595,600.
[6] FILIPA A,BYRNES R,PATERNO M V,et al.Neuromuscular training improves performance on the star excursion balance test in young female athletes[J].J Orthop Sports Phys Ther,2010,40(9):551- 558.
[7] 刘玉超,王振裕,方磊,等.易筋经对老年骨骼肌减少症者动态平衡能力的影响[J].河北中医药学报,2014,29(4):9- 11.
[8] 毛志帮,张玲莉,赖小勇,等.静态拉伸与下肢肌力锻炼在老年平衡能力中的意义[J].中国组织工程研究,2015,19(42):6803- 6807.
[9] BELTRAO N D,PITANGUI A C,DEARAUJO R C.Correlation between acute and short- term changes in flexibility using two stretching techniques[J].Int J Sports Med,2014,35(14):1151- 1154.
[10] NASHNER L M.Practical biomechanics and physiology of balance in[M].St.Louis:Mosby- Year Book Inc,1993:261- 279.
[11] CARVALHO J,MARQUES E,ASCENSAO A,et al.Multi- component exercise program improves blood lipid profile and antioxidant capacity in older women[J].Arch Gerontol Geriat,2010,48(5):1- 5.
[12] 沙鹏.健身气功五禽戏对中老年女性血脂指标及平衡能力的影响[J].陕西中医,2010,31(10):1332- 1335.
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