基于模糊数学和改进层次分析法的海水入侵程度评价
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摘要
基于模糊数学基本思想,将海水入侵程度作为评价对象,选择Cl–、Br–、SO42–、K+、SAR等5项能敏感反映海水入侵过程的水化学指标作为评价指标,通过采用改进层次分析法计算各指标权重和运用模糊数学进行综合评价,构建海水入侵程度综合评价的数学模型。以山东省招远市作为研究区,运用评价模型对该地区海水入侵程度进行评判,评价结果较单一指标评价法更加合理准确,具有较好的实用性,可为当地海水入侵防控提供科学依据。研究表明,该模型是海水入侵程度评价的一种简易高效、科学合理的方法,可推广应用。
In this paper, a mathematical model for evaluating seawater intrusion comprehensively based on fuzzy math and improved analytic hierarchy process is founded. The model takes the invasion degree of seawater as the evaluation object and chooses five hydro-chemical indexes as evaluation indexes, including Cl–, Br–, SO42–, K+ and SAR(sodium adsorption ratio), the weight of each index is calculated by the improved analytic hierarchy process and the comprehensive evaluation was carried out by fuzzy mathematical method. Taking Zhaoyuan of Shandong Province as the study area, we use the evaluation model to evaluate the degree of seawater intrusion in this area, the results of evaluation are more reasonable and accurate than the results evaluated by the single index evaluation method, and can provide scientific basis for prevention of local seawater intrusion. The research shows that the model is a simple, efficient and reasonable method for evaluating the degree of seawater intrusion, also can be popularized and applied.
In this paper, a mathematical model for evaluating seawater intrusion comprehensively based on fuzzy math and improved analytic hierarchy process is founded. The model takes the invasion degree of seawater as the evaluation object and chooses five hydro-chemical indexes as evaluation indexes, including Cl–, Br–, SO42–, K+ and SAR(sodium adsorption ratio), the weight of each index is calculated by the improved analytic hierarchy process and the comprehensive evaluation was carried out by fuzzy mathematical method. Taking Zhaoyuan of Shandong Province as the study area, we use the evaluation model to evaluate the degree of seawater intrusion in this area, the results of evaluation are more reasonable and accurate than the results evaluated by the single index evaluation method, and can provide scientific basis for prevention of local seawater intrusion. The research shows that the model is a simple, efficient and reasonable method for evaluating the degree of seawater intrusion, also can be popularized and applied.
引文
[1]郭占荣,黄奕普.海水入侵问题研究综述[J].水文,2003,23(3):10-15,9.Guo Zhanrong,Huang Yipu.Comprehensive study on seawater intrusion[J].Hydrology,2003,23(3):10-15,9.
[2]丁玲,李碧英,张树深.海岸带海水入侵的研究进展[J].海洋通报,2004,23(2):82-87.Ding Ling,Li Biying,Zhang Shushen.Development in researches on seawater intrusion of coastal areas[J].Marine Science Bulletin,2004,23(2):82-87.
[3]王玉广,刘娟,张永华,等.辽东湾西部滨海地区海水入侵研究[J].海洋工程,2010,28(1):83-87,92.Wang Yuguang,Liu Juan,Zhang Yonghua,et al.Sea water invasion in west coast of Liaodong Bay[J].The Ocean Engineering,2010,28(1):83-87,92.
[4]张德君,李雪铭,单灵芝,等.海水入侵对滨海城市化发展的影响研究:以大连市为例[J].辽宁师范大学学报(自然科学版),2014,37(3):422-430.Zhang Dejun,Li Xueming,Shan Lingzhi,et al.The influence of seawater intrusion in coastal urbanization:a case of Dalian[J].Journal of Liaoning Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2014,37(3):422-430.
[5]杨吉龙,李红,施佩歆,等.环渤海典型地段海(咸)水入侵研究现状及方法探讨[J].地质调查与研究,2014,37(4):294-299,320.Yang Jilong,Li Hong,Shi Peixin,et al.Research status and discussion on the method of seawater intrusion in the key section of Circum-Bohai-Sea Region[J].Geological Survey and Research,2014,37(4):294-299,320.
[6]杨蕴,吴剑锋,林锦,等.控制海水入侵的地下水多目标模拟优化管理模型[J].水科学进展,2015,26(4):579-588.Yang Yun,Wu Jianfeng,Lin Jin,et al.A multi-objective simulation-optimization model constrained by the potential seawater intrusion[J].Advances in Water Sciences,2015,26(4):579-588.
[7]涂向阳,高学平.模糊数学在海水入侵地下水水质评价中的应用[J].水利学报,2003,34(8):64-69.Tu Xiangyang,Gao Xueping.Application of fuzzy mathematical method in evaluation of seawater intrusion[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2003,34(8):64-69.
[8]乔吉果,龙江平,许冬,等.基于模糊数学方法的长江三角洲滨海地区海水入侵现状评价[J].海洋学研究,2011,29(4):57-64.Qiao Jiguo,Long Jiangping,Xu Dong,et al.Evaluation for the present status of seawater intrusion in the coastal areas of Changjiang River Delta with fuzzy mathematical method[J].Journal of Marine Sciences,2011,29(4):57-64.
[9]章斌,宋献方,韩冬梅,等.运用数理统计和模糊数学评价秦皇岛洋戴河平原的海水入侵程度[J].地理科学,2013,33(3):342-348.Zhang Bin,Song Xianfang,Han Dongmei,et al.Seawater intrusion degree evaluation based on mathematical statistics and fuzzy mathematics in Qinhuangdao Yangdai River Plain[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2013,33(3):342-348.
[10]杨海涛,马东堂.层次分析法中判断矩阵的一致性研究[J].现代电子技术,2007,19(3):46-48.Yang Haitao,Ma Dongtang.Study on the consistence of judgement matrix in AHP[J].Modern Electronics Technique,2007,19(3):46-48.
[11]夏正洪,王俊峰.一种改进的层次分析法及其在效能评估中的应用[J].四川大学学报(自然科学版),2010,47(1):71-76.Xia Zhenghong,Wang Junfeng.An improved analytic hierarchy process and its application in performance evaluation[J].Journal of Sichuan University(Natural Science Edition),2010,47(1):71-76.
[12]杜淼.两类层次分析法的转换及在应用中的比较[J].计算机工程与应用,2012,48(9):114-119.Du Miao.Transformation from AHP to FAHP and their applications[J].Computer Engineering and Applications,2012,48(9):114-119.
[13]朱克毓,杨善林.关于Saaty对模糊逻辑不适用于AHP观点的评述[J].系统工程理论与实践,2014,34(1):197-206.Zhu Keyu,Yang Shanlin.Research review on Saaty’s comments on fuzzy logic is not applicable to analytical hierarchy process[J].Systems Engineering-Theory&Practice,2014,34(1):197-206.
[14]秦学志,王雪华,杨德礼.AHP中群组评判的可信度法(Ⅱ)[J].系统工程理论与实践,2000,11(5):76-79,144.Qin Xuezhi,Wang Xuehua,Yang Deli.Credit degree methods of group decision-making in AHP(Ⅱ)[J].Systems Engineering-Theory&Practice,2000,11(5):76-79,144.
[15]王新民,赵彬,张钦礼.基于层次分析和模糊数学的采矿方法选择[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2008,39(5):875-880.Wang Xinmin,Zhao Bin,Zhang Qinli.Mining method choice based on AHP and fuzzy mathematics[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2008,39(5):875-880.
[16]魏炜,岳丹丹,潘俊.基于层次分析的模糊综合评价法在水质评价中的应用[J].供水技术,2015,9(5):8-12.Wei Wei,Yue Dandan,Pan Jun.Application of fuzzy comprehensive method based on analytic hierarchy process in water quality evaluation[J].Water Technology,2015,9(5):8-12.
[17]张文杰,谭红兵,陈喜,等.广东硇洲岛地下水化学演化及成因机理[J].水文,2012,32(3):51-59.Zhang Wenjie,Tan Hongbing,Chen Xi,et al.Geo-chemical evolution and formation mechanism of groundwater in Naozhou Island Guangdong Province[J].Journal of China Hydrology,2012,32(3):51-59.
[18]李亮,邢怀学,常晓军,等.福建长乐地区海水入侵(上溯)对水化学变化的影响[J].现代地质,2015,29(2):344-350.Li Liang,Xing Huaixue,Chang Xiaojun,et al.Water chemical changes with seawater intrusion(upstream)in Changle City,Fujian Province[J].Geoscience,2015,29(2):344-350.
[19]孙振宇,宋献方,卜红梅,等.秦皇岛洋河-戴河流域浅层地下水咸化程度评价[J].安全与环境学报,2015,15(3):356-361.Sun Zhenyu,Song Xianfang,Bu Hongmei,et al.Assessment of the shallow groundwater salinization in the Yanghe&Daihe River basin near Qinhuangdao[J].Journal of Safety and Environment,2015,15(3):356-361.
[20]郭笃发.莱州湾东南岸海水入侵区地下水中若干离子的主成分分析[J].海洋科学,2004,28(9):6-9.Guo Dufa.Principal component analysis on the ious in the groundwater intrusion area of Laizhou Bay coast[J].Marine Sciences,2004,28(9):6-9.
[21]姚菁,于洪军,王树昆,等.莱州湾海水入侵区地下水水化学特征[J].海洋科学,2007,31(4):32-36,41.Yao Jing,Yu Hongjun,Wang Shukun,et al.The underground water hydro-chemical characteristics of seawater invasion area around Laizhou Bay[J].Marine Sciences,2007,31(4):32-36,41.
[22]张传奇,温小虎,高猛,等.莱州湾东岸地下水化学及盐化特征[J].海洋通报,2014,33(5):584-591.Zhang Chuanqi,Wen Xiaohu,Gao Meng,et al.Hydro-chemical characteristics and salinization characteristics of groundwater in the east coast of the Laizhou Bay[J].Marine Science Bulletin,2014,33(5):584-591.
[2]丁玲,李碧英,张树深.海岸带海水入侵的研究进展[J].海洋通报,2004,23(2):82-87.Ding Ling,Li Biying,Zhang Shushen.Development in researches on seawater intrusion of coastal areas[J].Marine Science Bulletin,2004,23(2):82-87.
[3]王玉广,刘娟,张永华,等.辽东湾西部滨海地区海水入侵研究[J].海洋工程,2010,28(1):83-87,92.Wang Yuguang,Liu Juan,Zhang Yonghua,et al.Sea water invasion in west coast of Liaodong Bay[J].The Ocean Engineering,2010,28(1):83-87,92.
[4]张德君,李雪铭,单灵芝,等.海水入侵对滨海城市化发展的影响研究:以大连市为例[J].辽宁师范大学学报(自然科学版),2014,37(3):422-430.Zhang Dejun,Li Xueming,Shan Lingzhi,et al.The influence of seawater intrusion in coastal urbanization:a case of Dalian[J].Journal of Liaoning Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2014,37(3):422-430.
[5]杨吉龙,李红,施佩歆,等.环渤海典型地段海(咸)水入侵研究现状及方法探讨[J].地质调查与研究,2014,37(4):294-299,320.Yang Jilong,Li Hong,Shi Peixin,et al.Research status and discussion on the method of seawater intrusion in the key section of Circum-Bohai-Sea Region[J].Geological Survey and Research,2014,37(4):294-299,320.
[6]杨蕴,吴剑锋,林锦,等.控制海水入侵的地下水多目标模拟优化管理模型[J].水科学进展,2015,26(4):579-588.Yang Yun,Wu Jianfeng,Lin Jin,et al.A multi-objective simulation-optimization model constrained by the potential seawater intrusion[J].Advances in Water Sciences,2015,26(4):579-588.
[7]涂向阳,高学平.模糊数学在海水入侵地下水水质评价中的应用[J].水利学报,2003,34(8):64-69.Tu Xiangyang,Gao Xueping.Application of fuzzy mathematical method in evaluation of seawater intrusion[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2003,34(8):64-69.
[8]乔吉果,龙江平,许冬,等.基于模糊数学方法的长江三角洲滨海地区海水入侵现状评价[J].海洋学研究,2011,29(4):57-64.Qiao Jiguo,Long Jiangping,Xu Dong,et al.Evaluation for the present status of seawater intrusion in the coastal areas of Changjiang River Delta with fuzzy mathematical method[J].Journal of Marine Sciences,2011,29(4):57-64.
[9]章斌,宋献方,韩冬梅,等.运用数理统计和模糊数学评价秦皇岛洋戴河平原的海水入侵程度[J].地理科学,2013,33(3):342-348.Zhang Bin,Song Xianfang,Han Dongmei,et al.Seawater intrusion degree evaluation based on mathematical statistics and fuzzy mathematics in Qinhuangdao Yangdai River Plain[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2013,33(3):342-348.
[10]杨海涛,马东堂.层次分析法中判断矩阵的一致性研究[J].现代电子技术,2007,19(3):46-48.Yang Haitao,Ma Dongtang.Study on the consistence of judgement matrix in AHP[J].Modern Electronics Technique,2007,19(3):46-48.
[11]夏正洪,王俊峰.一种改进的层次分析法及其在效能评估中的应用[J].四川大学学报(自然科学版),2010,47(1):71-76.Xia Zhenghong,Wang Junfeng.An improved analytic hierarchy process and its application in performance evaluation[J].Journal of Sichuan University(Natural Science Edition),2010,47(1):71-76.
[12]杜淼.两类层次分析法的转换及在应用中的比较[J].计算机工程与应用,2012,48(9):114-119.Du Miao.Transformation from AHP to FAHP and their applications[J].Computer Engineering and Applications,2012,48(9):114-119.
[13]朱克毓,杨善林.关于Saaty对模糊逻辑不适用于AHP观点的评述[J].系统工程理论与实践,2014,34(1):197-206.Zhu Keyu,Yang Shanlin.Research review on Saaty’s comments on fuzzy logic is not applicable to analytical hierarchy process[J].Systems Engineering-Theory&Practice,2014,34(1):197-206.
[14]秦学志,王雪华,杨德礼.AHP中群组评判的可信度法(Ⅱ)[J].系统工程理论与实践,2000,11(5):76-79,144.Qin Xuezhi,Wang Xuehua,Yang Deli.Credit degree methods of group decision-making in AHP(Ⅱ)[J].Systems Engineering-Theory&Practice,2000,11(5):76-79,144.
[15]王新民,赵彬,张钦礼.基于层次分析和模糊数学的采矿方法选择[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2008,39(5):875-880.Wang Xinmin,Zhao Bin,Zhang Qinli.Mining method choice based on AHP and fuzzy mathematics[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2008,39(5):875-880.
[16]魏炜,岳丹丹,潘俊.基于层次分析的模糊综合评价法在水质评价中的应用[J].供水技术,2015,9(5):8-12.Wei Wei,Yue Dandan,Pan Jun.Application of fuzzy comprehensive method based on analytic hierarchy process in water quality evaluation[J].Water Technology,2015,9(5):8-12.
[17]张文杰,谭红兵,陈喜,等.广东硇洲岛地下水化学演化及成因机理[J].水文,2012,32(3):51-59.Zhang Wenjie,Tan Hongbing,Chen Xi,et al.Geo-chemical evolution and formation mechanism of groundwater in Naozhou Island Guangdong Province[J].Journal of China Hydrology,2012,32(3):51-59.
[18]李亮,邢怀学,常晓军,等.福建长乐地区海水入侵(上溯)对水化学变化的影响[J].现代地质,2015,29(2):344-350.Li Liang,Xing Huaixue,Chang Xiaojun,et al.Water chemical changes with seawater intrusion(upstream)in Changle City,Fujian Province[J].Geoscience,2015,29(2):344-350.
[19]孙振宇,宋献方,卜红梅,等.秦皇岛洋河-戴河流域浅层地下水咸化程度评价[J].安全与环境学报,2015,15(3):356-361.Sun Zhenyu,Song Xianfang,Bu Hongmei,et al.Assessment of the shallow groundwater salinization in the Yanghe&Daihe River basin near Qinhuangdao[J].Journal of Safety and Environment,2015,15(3):356-361.
[20]郭笃发.莱州湾东南岸海水入侵区地下水中若干离子的主成分分析[J].海洋科学,2004,28(9):6-9.Guo Dufa.Principal component analysis on the ious in the groundwater intrusion area of Laizhou Bay coast[J].Marine Sciences,2004,28(9):6-9.
[21]姚菁,于洪军,王树昆,等.莱州湾海水入侵区地下水水化学特征[J].海洋科学,2007,31(4):32-36,41.Yao Jing,Yu Hongjun,Wang Shukun,et al.The underground water hydro-chemical characteristics of seawater invasion area around Laizhou Bay[J].Marine Sciences,2007,31(4):32-36,41.
[22]张传奇,温小虎,高猛,等.莱州湾东岸地下水化学及盐化特征[J].海洋通报,2014,33(5):584-591.Zhang Chuanqi,Wen Xiaohu,Gao Meng,et al.Hydro-chemical characteristics and salinization characteristics of groundwater in the east coast of the Laizhou Bay[J].Marine Science Bulletin,2014,33(5):584-591.