2006—2015年吉林省夏季降水日变化特征
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摘要
根据2006—2015年逐年6—8月吉林省52个气象台站逐时降水资料,运用常规气象统计方法,采用逐时降水量、逐时降水频次、逐时降水强度和不同持续时间降水4个指标对吉林省降水日变化特征进行研究。结果表明:吉林省夏季降水总量及日数的空间分布与纬度和海拔有关,表现为自南向北递减趋势,降水强度空间分布随海拔升高降水强度减小。吉林省小时降水量、降水频次及降水强度呈双峰型分布,峰值区分别为17:00—19:00、4:00—6:00、17:00—19:00;吉林省夏季持续1～3 h降水量较大,其次是长持续性降水,持续时间为4～6 h降水量最小。持续时间为1～3 h降水量峰值出现在17:00,长持续性降水峰值出现在20:00,持续时间为4～6 h降水量峰值在1:00。
Based on the hourly precipitation data of 52 meteorological stations in summer(from June to August) over Jilin Province from 2006 to 2015, with the commonly used meteorological statistical methods, we analyzed the diurnal variation characteristics of precipitation in summer over Jilin by using four precipitation indices(hourly precipitation, hourly precipitation frequency, hourly precipitation intensity and precipitation duration). The results showed that the spatial distribution of total precipitation and the number of days in summer over Jilin was related to latitude and altitude, showing a decreasing trend from south to north. The spatial distribution of precipitation intensity decreased with the increase of altitude. The distribution of hourly precipitation, precipitation frequency and precipitation intensity in Jilin showed a bimodal distribution, with the peak areas of 17:00—19:00, 4:00—6:00 and 17:00—19:00, respectively. In summer, the first total precipitation was 1-3 h short-time rainfall, the second was long continuous precipitation, and the least was 4-6 h continuous precipitation. The peak of precipitation of 1-3 h short-time rainfall occurred at 17:00, the long continuous precipitation peak appeared at 20:00 and the 4-6 h continuous precipitation peak occurred at 1:00.
Based on the hourly precipitation data of 52 meteorological stations in summer(from June to August) over Jilin Province from 2006 to 2015, with the commonly used meteorological statistical methods, we analyzed the diurnal variation characteristics of precipitation in summer over Jilin by using four precipitation indices(hourly precipitation, hourly precipitation frequency, hourly precipitation intensity and precipitation duration). The results showed that the spatial distribution of total precipitation and the number of days in summer over Jilin was related to latitude and altitude, showing a decreasing trend from south to north. The spatial distribution of precipitation intensity decreased with the increase of altitude. The distribution of hourly precipitation, precipitation frequency and precipitation intensity in Jilin showed a bimodal distribution, with the peak areas of 17:00—19:00, 4:00—6:00 and 17:00—19:00, respectively. In summer, the first total precipitation was 1-3 h short-time rainfall, the second was long continuous precipitation, and the least was 4-6 h continuous precipitation. The peak of precipitation of 1-3 h short-time rainfall occurred at 17:00, the long continuous precipitation peak appeared at 20:00 and the 4-6 h continuous precipitation peak occurred at 1:00.
引文
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[3] Nesbitt S W, Zipser E J. The Diurnal Cycle of Rainfall and Convective Intensity according to Three Years of TRMM Measurements[J].Journal of Climate,2003,16(10):1456-1475.
[4] Oki T, Musiake K. Seasonal Change of the Diurnal Cycle of Precipitation over Japan and Malaysia[J]. J.appl.meteor,1994,33(33):1445-1463.
[5]宇如聪,李建,陈昊明,等.中国大陆降水日变化研究进展[J].气象学报,2014(5):948-968.
[6] Yu R, Xu Y, Zhou T, et al. Relation between rainfall duration and diurnal variation in the warm season precipitation over central eastern China[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2007,34(13):173-180.
[7]唐红玉,顾建峰,俞胜宾,等.西南地区降水日变化特征分析[J].高原气象,2011,30(2):376-384.
[8]王夫常,宇如聪,陈昊明,等.我国西南部降水日变化特征分析[J].暴雨灾害,2011,30(2):117-121.
[9]韩函,吴昊旻,黄安宁.华北地区夏季降水日变化的时空分布特征[J].大气科学,2017,41(2):263-274.
[10]许建玉,刘羽.边界层方案对中国中东部地区降水日变化的影响[J].高原气象,2016,35(4):969-978.
[11]林春泽,刘琳,林文才,等.湖北省夏季降水日变化特征[J].大气科学学报,2016,39(4):490-500.
[12]戴泽军,宇如聪,陈昊明.湖南夏季降水日变化特征[J].高原气象,2009,28(6):1463-1470.
[13]李建,宇如聪,王建捷.北京市夏季降水的日变化特征[J].科学通报,2008(7):829-832.
[14]李明财,段丽瑶,杨艳娟,等.天津市夏季降水日变化特征[J].气象与环境学报,2009,25(6):11-14.
[15]杨森,周晓珊,高杰.辽宁省夏季降水的日变化特征[J].气象,2011,37(8):943-949.
[16]张运福,严晓瑜,赵春雨,等.辽宁省5—9月降水日变化特征[J].生态学杂志,2011,30(7):1529-1534.
[17]陈春艳,王建捷,唐冶,等.新疆夏季降水日变化特征[J].应用气象学报,2017,28(1):72-85.
[18]杨雪,杨东,安丽娜,等.1961—2013年吉林省气温与降水变化特征[J].中国农学通报,2016, 32(29):139-146.
[19]孙力,安刚,丁立,等.中国东北地区夏季降水异常的气候分析[J].气象学报,2000,58(1):70-82.
[20]李俊乐,吕志红,全美兰,等.东北地区夏季降水和气温时空分布特征[J].中国农学通报,2015, 31(13):258-266.
[21]贺伟,布仁仓,熊在平,等.1961—2005年东北地区气温和降水变化趋势[J].生态学报,2013,33(2):519-531.