山东省12个主栽小麦品种(系)抗叶锈性分析
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摘要
本研究旨在明确山东省12个小麦主栽品种(系)抗叶锈性及抗叶锈基因,为小麦品种推广与合理布局、叶锈病防治及抗病育种提供依据。利用2015年采自山东省的5个小麦叶锈菌流行小种的混合小种对这些材料进行苗期抗性鉴定,然后选用15个小麦叶锈菌生理小种对这些品种(系)进行苗期基因推导,并利用与24个小麦抗叶锈基因紧密连锁(或共分离)的30个分子标记对其进行抗叶锈基因分子检测。结果显示,山东省12个主栽小麦品种(系)苗期对该省2015年的5个小麦叶锈菌混合流行小种均表现高度感病。通过基因推导与分子检测发现,济南17含有Lr16,矮抗58和山农20含有Lr26,其余济麦系列、烟农系列、良星系列等9个品种(系)均未检测到所供试标记片段。此外,本研究还对山东省3个非主栽品种进行了检测,结果发现,中麦175含有抗叶锈基因Lr1和Lr37,含有成株抗性基因;皖麦38只检测到Lr26,济麦20未检测到所供试标记片段。综合以上结果,山东省主栽小麦品种(系)所含抗叶锈基因丰富度较低,尤其不含有对我国小麦叶锈菌流行小种有效的抗锈基因,应该引起高度重视,今后育种工作应注重引入其他抗叶锈基因,提高抗叶锈性。
The objective of this study was to determine the leaf rust resistance and leaf rust resistance genes of twelve main wheat cultivars( lines) in Shandong Province to provide theoretical basis for the promotion and reasonable layout,leaf rust control and resistance breeding. The resistance evaluation of twelve main wheat cultivars( lines)was carried out by using five mixed races of Puccinia triticina at the seedling stage. Meanwhile,fifteen Puccinia triticina races with different virulence patterns were used for gene postulation in seedling stage. In addition,thirty molecular markers closely linked or co-segregated with 24 wheat leaf rust resistance genes were used to detect these wheat cultivars( lines). The results showed that these cultivars( lines) were highly susceptible to the mixed races. Gene postulation and molecular detection indicated that Ji 'nan 17 carried Lr16,Aikang 58 and Shannong 20 carried Lr26. However,leaf rust resistance genes were not detected in the remaining nine cultivars( lines). In addition,thisstudy also carried out the detection of three non main cultivars in Shandong. And the results showed that Zhongmai175 carried Lr1 and the adult-plant resistance gene Lr37,Wanmai 38 carried Lr26. And leaf rust resistance genes were not detected in Jimai 20. Comprehensive above results,the abundance of leaf rust resistance genes in these main wheat cultivars( lines) was low,and no effective resistance genes were detected in them to against the main races of P. triticina in China,which need to be paid more attention. New leaf rust resistance genes should be introduced into new wheat cultivars to improve the leaf rust resistance.
The objective of this study was to determine the leaf rust resistance and leaf rust resistance genes of twelve main wheat cultivars( lines) in Shandong Province to provide theoretical basis for the promotion and reasonable layout,leaf rust control and resistance breeding. The resistance evaluation of twelve main wheat cultivars( lines)was carried out by using five mixed races of Puccinia triticina at the seedling stage. Meanwhile,fifteen Puccinia triticina races with different virulence patterns were used for gene postulation in seedling stage. In addition,thirty molecular markers closely linked or co-segregated with 24 wheat leaf rust resistance genes were used to detect these wheat cultivars( lines). The results showed that these cultivars( lines) were highly susceptible to the mixed races. Gene postulation and molecular detection indicated that Ji 'nan 17 carried Lr16,Aikang 58 and Shannong 20 carried Lr26. However,leaf rust resistance genes were not detected in the remaining nine cultivars( lines). In addition,thisstudy also carried out the detection of three non main cultivars in Shandong. And the results showed that Zhongmai175 carried Lr1 and the adult-plant resistance gene Lr37,Wanmai 38 carried Lr26. And leaf rust resistance genes were not detected in Jimai 20. Comprehensive above results,the abundance of leaf rust resistance genes in these main wheat cultivars( lines) was low,and no effective resistance genes were detected in them to against the main races of P. triticina in China,which need to be paid more attention. New leaf rust resistance genes should be introduced into new wheat cultivars to improve the leaf rust resistance.
引文
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