超低渗透水平裂缝油藏水平井井眼轨迹优化技术
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摘要
七里村油田长_6 油藏为浅层超低渗透油藏,压裂后人工裂缝为水平缝,直井开采效果不理想。为改善开发效果,水平井的水平段设计为纵向穿越不同的流动单元,压裂后形成多条水平裂缝。基于此思路,设计了"一"字型、大斜度型和"弓"型3种形状的井眼轨迹。数值模拟计算了3种井眼轨迹的开发指标,"弓"型井眼轨迹生产效果最佳。在七平1井上开展现场试验,长_(6_(2~2))油层实施6段压裂,分别在3个流动单元各造2组水平裂缝,水平井投产后开发效果明显改善,初期日产油、累计产油均达到同区直井的13.0倍以上。试验表明,采用"弓"型井眼轨迹可有效提高水平裂缝油藏储量动用程度,对国内同类油藏的开发具有借鉴意义。
Chang_6 reservoir in Qilicun oil field is a shallow ultra-low permeability reservoir,in which artificial fractures are horizontal after fracturing and production efficiency is unsatisfactory with vertical wells. In order to improve development efficiency,the horizontal section of the horizontal well is designed so as to cross different flow units vertically and multiple horizontal fractures form after fracturing. Based on this idea,three well paths are designed including straight line shape,high deflection shape and arch shape. Development index are calculated for three well paths using numerical simulation,which shows best development efficiency in arch shape well path. Field tests were implemented on Well Qiping 1,in which 6-segment fracturing was implemented in Chang_(6_(2~2)) zone and two groups of horizontal fractures formed in three flow units. Development efficiency was apparently improved after the horizontal well was put on production,initial daily oil production and cumulative oil production reaching 13. 0 times of that of vertical wells in the same area. Tests show that arch shape well path can effectively improve reserve depletion around horizontal fractures and provides basis for the development of similar reservoirs in China.
Chang_6 reservoir in Qilicun oil field is a shallow ultra-low permeability reservoir,in which artificial fractures are horizontal after fracturing and production efficiency is unsatisfactory with vertical wells. In order to improve development efficiency,the horizontal section of the horizontal well is designed so as to cross different flow units vertically and multiple horizontal fractures form after fracturing. Based on this idea,three well paths are designed including straight line shape,high deflection shape and arch shape. Development index are calculated for three well paths using numerical simulation,which shows best development efficiency in arch shape well path. Field tests were implemented on Well Qiping 1,in which 6-segment fracturing was implemented in Chang_(6_(2~2)) zone and two groups of horizontal fractures formed in three flow units. Development efficiency was apparently improved after the horizontal well was put on production,initial daily oil production and cumulative oil production reaching 13. 0 times of that of vertical wells in the same area. Tests show that arch shape well path can effectively improve reserve depletion around horizontal fractures and provides basis for the development of similar reservoirs in China.
引文
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[23]吕明针,林承焰,张宪国,等.储层流动单元划分方法评价及优选[J].岩性油气藏,2013,27(1):74-80.
[24]任颖,孙卫,张茜,等.低渗透储层不同流动单元可动流体赋存特征及生产动态分析[J].石油地质与勘探,2016,52(5):974-984.
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[27]蒋平,吕明胜,王国亭,等.基于储层构型的流动单元划分——以扶余油田东5-9区块扶杨油层为例[J].石油实验地质,2013,35(2):214-219.
[28]陶红胜,王涛,于小龙,等.延长石油浅层大位移水平井固井技术[J].石油矿场机械,2015,44(6):17-20.
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[31]王勇茗,余世福,周文军,等.长庆致密油三维水平井钴井技术研究与应用[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2015,37(6):79-83.
[32]李克智,闫吉曾.红河油田水平井钻井提速难点与技术对策[J].石油钻探技术,2014,42(2):117-122.
[33]王欢,廖新维,赵晓亮,等.超低渗透油藏分段多簇压裂水平井产能影响因素与渗流规律——以鄂尔多斯盆地长8超低渗透油藏为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2014,21(6):107-110.
[34]任龙,苏玉亮,鲁明晶,等.超低渗油藏分段多簇压裂水平井裂缝参数优化[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2015,30(4):49-52.
[35]李伶东,梁栋斌,王文雄,等.分段多簇压裂技术在低渗透油田的应用研究[J].内蒙古石油化工,2016,43(9):106-110.
[36]杨炳祥,杨英涛,李榕,等.井下微地震裂缝监测技术在水平井分段压裂中的应用[J].钻采工艺,2014,37(4):48-50.
[37]章敬,邓兴德,邓玥,等.微地震监测技术在玛HW001水平井中的应用[J].钻采工艺,2014,37(4):45-47.
[2]郝世彦,董红梅,李延生,等.延长川口油田水力压裂水平缝垂直缝的判别[J].地球科学与环境学报,2009,31(2):165-167.
[3]孟选刚,杜志敏,王香增,等.延长长6浅油层水平缝水平井压裂参数设计[J].石油钻采工艺,2016,38(1):83-87.
[4]韩秀玲,张士诚,马新仿,等.水平缝五点井网整体压裂参数优化[J].特种油气藏,2010,17(1):111-113.
[5]聂翠平,李相方,高超利,等.水力喷射压裂技术在浅层水平缝压裂中的应用研究[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2012,27(3):41-45.
[6]严向阳,赵海燕,王腾飞,等.非常规储层水平井分段压裂新技术及适用性分析[J].油气藏评价与开发,2016,6(2):69-78.
[7]何青,秦玉英,姚昌宇,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部致密油藏水平井分段压裂技术[J].断块油气田,2014,21(6):816-818.
[8]孟凡坤,苏玉亮,鲁明晶,等.长6特低渗透油藏重复压裂复杂缝网参数优化[J].石油钻采工艺,2015,37(4):87-91.
[9]常兴浩.红河油田致密裂缝性油藏水平井分段压裂设计优化[J].石油天然气学报,2013,35(9):131-134.
[10]任龙,苏玉亮,鲁明晶,等.超低渗油藏分段多簇压裂水平井裂缝参数优化[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2015,30(4):49-58.
[11]张焱,刘坤芳,曹里民,等.水平井待钻井眼轨迹最优化设计方法研究[J].石油学报,2001,22(1):100-104
[12]刘茂森,付建红,白璟.页岩气双二维水平井轨迹优化设计与应用[J].特种油气藏,2016,23(2):147-150.
[13]李梦刚.水平井井眼轨迹控制关键技术探讨[J].西部探矿工程,2009,2:42-44.
[14]汶锋刚,高鹏.七里村油田注水开发技术研究[J].新疆石油天然气,2008,4(2):51-55.
[15]王子娥.低渗透油藏改善开发效果的主要技术措施[J].石油天然气学报,2009,31(1):292-295.
[16]齐亚东,雷群,于荣泽,等.影响特低-超低渗透砂岩油藏开发效果的因素分析[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2013,37(2):89-94.
[17]田雨,胥元刚,聂翠平,等.七里村油田一层多缝压裂工艺设计[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2013,28(3):42-45.
[18]孟选刚,杜志敏,王香增,等.压裂水平缝渗流特征及影响因素[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2016,35(3):73-77.
[19]王大为,李晓平,等.井眼轨迹对水平井流入动态的影响[J].岩性油气藏,2013,25(3):119-122.
[20]陈芳萍,石彬,李康,等.延长油田西部边底水油藏水平井优化设计及效果分析[J].非常规油气,2015,2(5):49-54.
[21]范志国,尹国栋,鱼永云,等.浅层稠油水平井轨迹控制及套管柱下入技术[J].石油钻采工艺,2006,28(4):14-16.
[22]琚岩,范坤宇,赵崴,等.基于地应力特征的水平井井眼轨迹与分段压裂优化技术[J].新疆石油地质,2016,37(5):581-587.
[23]吕明针,林承焰,张宪国,等.储层流动单元划分方法评价及优选[J].岩性油气藏,2013,27(1):74-80.
[24]任颖,孙卫,张茜,等.低渗透储层不同流动单元可动流体赋存特征及生产动态分析[J].石油地质与勘探,2016,52(5):974-984.
[25]熊光勤,刘丽.基于储层构型的流动单元划分及对开发的影响[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2014,36(3):107-113.
[26]陈哲,陆军,赵耀辉,等.绥靖油田杨19区延9油藏流动单元划分合理性研究[J].石油与天然气地质,2015,36(3):498-503.
[27]蒋平,吕明胜,王国亭,等.基于储层构型的流动单元划分——以扶余油田东5-9区块扶杨油层为例[J].石油实验地质,2013,35(2):214-219.
[28]陶红胜,王涛,于小龙,等.延长石油浅层大位移水平井固井技术[J].石油矿场机械,2015,44(6):17-20.
[29]秦涛.延长油田牛平7井钻井液技术[J].湖南文理学院学报(自然科学版),2015,27(4):80-83.
[30]郭元恒,何世明,刘忠飞,等.长水平段水平井钻井技术难点分析及对策[J].石油钻采工艺,2013,35(1):14-18.
[31]王勇茗,余世福,周文军,等.长庆致密油三维水平井钴井技术研究与应用[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2015,37(6):79-83.
[32]李克智,闫吉曾.红河油田水平井钻井提速难点与技术对策[J].石油钻探技术,2014,42(2):117-122.
[33]王欢,廖新维,赵晓亮,等.超低渗透油藏分段多簇压裂水平井产能影响因素与渗流规律——以鄂尔多斯盆地长8超低渗透油藏为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2014,21(6):107-110.
[34]任龙,苏玉亮,鲁明晶,等.超低渗油藏分段多簇压裂水平井裂缝参数优化[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2015,30(4):49-52.
[35]李伶东,梁栋斌,王文雄,等.分段多簇压裂技术在低渗透油田的应用研究[J].内蒙古石油化工,2016,43(9):106-110.
[36]杨炳祥,杨英涛,李榕,等.井下微地震裂缝监测技术在水平井分段压裂中的应用[J].钻采工艺,2014,37(4):48-50.
[37]章敬,邓兴德,邓玥,等.微地震监测技术在玛HW001水平井中的应用[J].钻采工艺,2014,37(4):45-47.