鸡腿菇热风干燥工艺参数优化
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摘要
为了提高鸡腿菇热风干燥速率及热风干燥后产品品质,对新鲜鸡腿菇进行了热风干燥实验,研究干燥过程中热风温度X1、热风风速X2和切片厚度X3对鸡腿菇干燥速率Y1、复水比Y2和干燥产品色差Y3的影响。采用综合评分法,结合响应面分析,对多指标进行综合优化,建立指标综合值与各因子之间的回归模型,求出最佳工艺参数组合。实验结果表明:鸡腿菇热风干燥过程中各因素对鸡腿菇干燥速率及干燥后产品质量都有显著影响(P <0. 05);在热风温度55℃、热风风速1. 35m/s、切片厚度4mm的最佳工艺参数组合下进行热风干燥,鸡腿菇热风干燥速率Y1=0. 301 g/min,干燥后产品复水比Y2=3. 61,色差Y3=21. 95,综合干燥效果达到最佳,与指标综合值模型预测值相对误差低于5%。本研究可为鸡腿菇热风干燥工业化生产提供参考。
Hot-air drying experiments of Coprinus comatus have been conducted,using the Box-Behnken design protocol,to study the effects of hot-air temperature X1,hot-air velocity X2 and slice thickness X3 and interaction of these factors on drying rate Y1,rehydration ratio Y2 and color difference Y3 of dried products,in order to increase the hot-air drying rate of coprinus comatus and improve the product quality of Coprinus comatus after hot air drying. The regression equation between single index and each factor was established,and the optimal solution of single-objective regression equation was obtained. And then he comprehensive score method and the response surface analysis were used to optimize the multi-index,and the regression model between the comprehensive value of index and each factor was established to find the optimal combination of process parameters. The results showed that,during hot-air drying process,the hot-air drying rate of coprinus comatus and the quality of dried products were significantly affected by each factor( P <0. 05). The temperature of hot air was 55 ℃,the rate of hot air 1. 35 m/s and the slice thickness 4 mm,were the optimized parameters of hot-air drying for coprinus comatus with the best drying effect. And dying rate( Y1) was 0. 301 g/min,the rehydration ratio of dried product( Y2) 3. 61,the color difference( Y3) 21. 95,the relative error of prediction of model is less than 5%. Comprehensive optimization of coprinus comatus drying process parameters take both drying rate and dry product quality into account. Under the drying conditions,not only the dried product of coprinus comatus has good quality,but also the drying process have a high drying rate and short drying time. The research can provide a reference for the industrial production of Coprinus comatus hot-air drying.
Hot-air drying experiments of Coprinus comatus have been conducted,using the Box-Behnken design protocol,to study the effects of hot-air temperature X1,hot-air velocity X2 and slice thickness X3 and interaction of these factors on drying rate Y1,rehydration ratio Y2 and color difference Y3 of dried products,in order to increase the hot-air drying rate of coprinus comatus and improve the product quality of Coprinus comatus after hot air drying. The regression equation between single index and each factor was established,and the optimal solution of single-objective regression equation was obtained. And then he comprehensive score method and the response surface analysis were used to optimize the multi-index,and the regression model between the comprehensive value of index and each factor was established to find the optimal combination of process parameters. The results showed that,during hot-air drying process,the hot-air drying rate of coprinus comatus and the quality of dried products were significantly affected by each factor( P <0. 05). The temperature of hot air was 55 ℃,the rate of hot air 1. 35 m/s and the slice thickness 4 mm,were the optimized parameters of hot-air drying for coprinus comatus with the best drying effect. And dying rate( Y1) was 0. 301 g/min,the rehydration ratio of dried product( Y2) 3. 61,the color difference( Y3) 21. 95,the relative error of prediction of model is less than 5%. Comprehensive optimization of coprinus comatus drying process parameters take both drying rate and dry product quality into account. Under the drying conditions,not only the dried product of coprinus comatus has good quality,but also the drying process have a high drying rate and short drying time. The research can provide a reference for the industrial production of Coprinus comatus hot-air drying.
引文
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[19]吴腾,胡良龙,王公仆,等.步行式甘薯碎蔓还田机的设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(16):8-17.
[20]严伟,胡志超,吴努,等.铲筛式残膜回收机输膜机构参数优化与试验[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(1):17-24.
[21]丁素明,薛新宇,方金豹,等.手持式风送授粉机工作参数优化与试验[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(8):68-75.
[22]胡庆国.毛豆热风与真空微波联合干燥过程研究[D].无锡:江南大学,2006.
[23]于昭洋,胡志超,王海鸥,等.大蒜果秧分离试验装置的设计与测试[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(16):7-15.
[24]于昭洋,胡志超,杨柯,等.大蒜联合收获切根试验台设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(22):7-15.
[25]汪顺生,刘东鑫,王康三,等.不同沟灌方式对夏玉米耗水特性及产量影响的模糊综合评判[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(24):89-94.
[2]贾蕊,刘风兰.鸡腿菇研究现状及发展前景[J].食品科学,2006,27(12):890-893.
[3]周瑞,田呈瑞,张静.鸡腿菇多糖羧甲基修饰及其抗氧化性研究[J].食品科学,2010,31(13):10-15.
[4]李波,芦菲,余小领,等.短波紫外线照射对鸡腿菇保鲜的影响[J].农业工程学报,2009,25(6):306-309.
[5]李君兰,冯谦,武治昌,等.贮藏温度和湿度对鸡腿蘑保鲜效果的影响[J].食品与发酵工业,2005(5):151-152.
[6]刘志芳,饶景萍,李君兰,等.贮藏温度对鸡腿蘑采后生理和品质的影响[J].西北农业学报,2007,16(1):201-203.
[7]刘志芳,张玮,武治昌,等.薄膜包装冷藏对鸡腿蘑采后生理变化的影响[J].食品与发酵工业,2009,35(3):195-198.
[8]邢作山,李洪忠,陈长青,等.食用菌干制加工技术[J].中国食用菌,2009,28(3):56-67.
[9]潘永康,王喜忠.现代干燥技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2007:772-776.
[10]陈君琛,杨艺龙,翁敏劼,等.即食杏鲍菇热风-真空联合干燥工艺优化[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(14).
[11]卜召辉,胡庆国,陆宁.真空微波与真空冷冻联合干燥金针菇的研究[J].包装与食品机械,2011,29(3):16-19.
[12]颜建春,胡志超,吴朋来,等.热板-微波联合真空冷冻干燥茭白工艺优化[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(1):262-270.
[13]陈健凯,林河通,林艺芬,等.基于品质和能耗的杏鲍菇微波真空干燥工艺参数优化[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(3):277-284.
[14]曹川,孙勤,吴达,等.不同干燥方法对鸡腿菇干制品品质的影响[J].食品科学,2015(13):328-330.
[15]李君兰,李贻华,赵秋玲,等.鸡腿蘑速冻预处理工艺及护色研究[J].食品与发酵工业,2006,32(4):145-149.
[16]张敏,金诚谦,梁苏宁,等.风筛选式油菜联合收割机清选机构参数优化与试验[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(24):8-15.
[17]黄铭森,石磊,张玉同,等.统收式采棉机载籽棉预处理装置的优化试验[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(21):21-29.
[18]李艳杰,高衍红,王鹏,等.香菇热风干燥工艺优化及其对主要营养物质和抗氧化活性的影响[J].食品科学,2017,38(6):209-214.
[19]吴腾,胡良龙,王公仆,等.步行式甘薯碎蔓还田机的设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(16):8-17.
[20]严伟,胡志超,吴努,等.铲筛式残膜回收机输膜机构参数优化与试验[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(1):17-24.
[21]丁素明,薛新宇,方金豹,等.手持式风送授粉机工作参数优化与试验[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(8):68-75.
[22]胡庆国.毛豆热风与真空微波联合干燥过程研究[D].无锡:江南大学,2006.
[23]于昭洋,胡志超,王海鸥,等.大蒜果秧分离试验装置的设计与测试[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(16):7-15.
[24]于昭洋,胡志超,杨柯,等.大蒜联合收获切根试验台设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(22):7-15.
[25]汪顺生,刘东鑫,王康三,等.不同沟灌方式对夏玉米耗水特性及产量影响的模糊综合评判[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(24):89-94.