生物质气化热电联产系统的热力学仿真与分析
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摘要
为了提高生物质气化热电联产系统(BGCS)的发电效率和热能利用效率,采用两种发电设备串联构建一种梯级能量利用的BGCS系统,设计了燃气轮机(GT)-蒸汽螺杆膨胀机(SSE)组成的BGCS系统和蒸汽轮机(ST)-有机朗肯循环(ORC)螺杆膨胀机组成的BGCS系统等两个系统方案。以生物质固定床气化炉为例及1 MW发电量为目标,应用Cycle-Tempo热力学仿真软件建立两个系统方案的热力学仿真模型,比较两个方案的综合效率、发电效率、火用效率、相对一次能耗节约率和CO_2减排量。仿真计算和热力学性能分析的结果表明:两个方案均具有很好的相对一次能耗节约率和环境友好性,但GT-SSE热电联产系统在综合效率、发电效率、火用效率等方面比ST-ORC热电联产系统好。
In order to improve the power generation efficiency and heat efficiency of the biomass gasification cogeneration system(BGCS),a cascade energy utilization BGCS system is constructed by using two kinds of power generation equipment in series.Two BGCS schemes are designed; one is a power system composed of a gas turbine and a steam screw expander(GT-SSE),and the other one is a power system composed of a steam turbine and an Organic Rankine Cycle screw expander(ST-ORC).With the fixed bed biomass gasifier as an example and 1 MW power generation as the goal,the two thermodynamic simulation models of the two BGCS schemes are established through the Cycle-Tempo software for comparing comprehensive efficiency,power generation efficiency,exergy,relative primary energy saving rate and CO_2 emission reduction.The computation results of the two thermodynamic simulation models show that,both schemes have good relative primary energy saving rate and environmental friendliness,but the GT-SSE cogeneration system is better than the ST-ORC cogeneration system in comprehensive efficiency,power generation efficiency and exergy.
In order to improve the power generation efficiency and heat efficiency of the biomass gasification cogeneration system(BGCS),a cascade energy utilization BGCS system is constructed by using two kinds of power generation equipment in series.Two BGCS schemes are designed; one is a power system composed of a gas turbine and a steam screw expander(GT-SSE),and the other one is a power system composed of a steam turbine and an Organic Rankine Cycle screw expander(ST-ORC).With the fixed bed biomass gasifier as an example and 1 MW power generation as the goal,the two thermodynamic simulation models of the two BGCS schemes are established through the Cycle-Tempo software for comparing comprehensive efficiency,power generation efficiency,exergy,relative primary energy saving rate and CO_2 emission reduction.The computation results of the two thermodynamic simulation models show that,both schemes have good relative primary energy saving rate and environmental friendliness,but the GT-SSE cogeneration system is better than the ST-ORC cogeneration system in comprehensive efficiency,power generation efficiency and exergy.
引文
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[5] PANTALEO A M;CAMPOREALE S,FORTUNATO B.Small scale biomass BGCS:techno-economic performance of steam vs gas turbines with bottoming ORC [J].Energy Procedia,2015,82 (12):825-832.
[6] 刘强,段远源,宋鸿伟.生物质直燃有机朗肯循环热电联产系统的热力性能分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(26):60-67.LIU Qiang,DUAN Yuan-yuan,SONG Hong-wei.Thermal performance analysis of a biomass-fired organic rankine cycle[J].Proceeding of the CSEE,2013,33(26):60-67
[7] 王禹朋.基于秸秆气化的外燃机热电联产的技术经济性研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2016.WANG Yu-peng.Technological-economical research of external combustion stirling engine with combined heating and power based on biomass gasification[D].Beijing:North China Electric Power University,2016.
[8] 赵展,齐秀龙,刘晓东,等.生物质气化—燃料电池发电系统性能分析[J].可再生能源,2011,29(6):115-120,124.ZHAO Zhan,QI Xiu-long,LIU Xiao-dong,et al.Performance analysis of biomass gasification and solid oxide fuel cell system[J].Renewable Energy,2011,29(6):115-120,124.
[9] 陈平.生物质流化床气化机理与工业应用研究[D].合肥:中国科学技术大学,2006.CHEN Ping.Researches on principle and industrialapplication of biomass gasification in fluidized bed[D].Hefei:University of Science and Technology of China,2006.
[10] 陶求华.鳗鱼养殖场应用燃气热电联产的热力学分析[J].渔业现代化,2009,36(6):12-15.TAO Qiu-hua.Thermodynamic analysis of combined heating and power with micro turbine in eel farm [J].Fisheries Modernization,2009,36(6):12-15.