基于奇异值分解的航空发动机转子碰摩故障特征提取方法
|
摘要
提出了利用奇异值分解(SVD)提取航空发动机转子碰摩故障特征信号的方法,通过数值仿真得到,奇异值分解方法可以非常有效地将各种不同特征信号完全提取分离,论证了该方法的可行性。然后以某型国产航空发动机在试车台开车过程中某稳定状态的转子振动测量数据为基础,利用奇异值分解的优选差分谱理论对振动信号进行了降噪处理;根据傅里叶变换频谱图中各频率点峰值与奇异值分解差分谱峰值序列相对应的特点,对降噪后振动信号进行了特征提取,实现了转子系统的碰摩故障特征信号的提取。实际结果表明,该方法能够有效地诊断转子系统碰摩故障及提取相应的故障特征信号。
A singular value decomposition(SVD) method is proposed to extract the fault feature of rotor contact-rubbing of aero-engine. Firstly, the feasibility of this method is demonstrated through the numerical simulation. And then the method of SVD is introduced to the noise reduction of vibration signal, which was based on some stable state of the test bed of some certain type of domestic aero-engine. In order to extract the fault characteristic signals of the rubbing faults of rotor system, according to the characteristics of the corresponding peak sequence between Fourier transform spectrum of each frequency point and singular value decomposition difference spectrum, the feature is extracted from the vibration signal after the noise reduction. Practical results show that the method proposed can effectively diagnose the rubbing faults of rotor system and extract the fault characteristic signals.
A singular value decomposition(SVD) method is proposed to extract the fault feature of rotor contact-rubbing of aero-engine. Firstly, the feasibility of this method is demonstrated through the numerical simulation. And then the method of SVD is introduced to the noise reduction of vibration signal, which was based on some stable state of the test bed of some certain type of domestic aero-engine. In order to extract the fault characteristic signals of the rubbing faults of rotor system, according to the characteristics of the corresponding peak sequence between Fourier transform spectrum of each frequency point and singular value decomposition difference spectrum, the feature is extracted from the vibration signal after the noise reduction. Practical results show that the method proposed can effectively diagnose the rubbing faults of rotor system and extract the fault characteristic signals.
引文
[1]王丽丽,李舜酩,赖少将,等.航空发动机叶片-机匣碰摩热-结构耦合仿真[J].应用力学学报,2016,33(6):1045-1050.(WANGLili,LI Shunming,LAI Shaojiang,et al.Coupling simulation of the an aeroengine blade-casing friction-thermal structure[J].Chinese journal of applied mechanics,2016,33(6):1045-1050(in Chinese)).
[2]王平,雷沫枝,王金舜,等.中小型航空发动机转静子碰摩故障诊断的一种方法[J].测控技术,2014,33(7):57-60.(WANG Ping,LEI Mozhi,WANG Jinshun,et al.A method of fault diagnosis for rotor-to-stator rub-impact in small and medium-sized aero-engine[J].Journal of measurement and control technology,2014,33(7):57-60(in Chinese)).
[3]马辉,杨健,宋溶泽,等.转子系统碰磨故障试验研究进展与展望[J].振动与冲击,2014,33(6):1-11.(MA Hui,YANG Jian,SONG Rongze,et al.Review and prospect on the research of rub-impact experiment of rotor systems[J].Journal of vibration and shock,2014,33(6):1-11(in Chinese)).
[4]闻静,李舜酩,陈晓红.机匣碰摩热应力梯度变化影响分析[J].应用力学学报,2017,34(4):704-708.(WEN Jing,LI Shunming,CHEN Xiaohong.Influence analysis of the thermal stress gradient change in the casing rubbing[J].Chinese journal of applied mechanics,2017,34(4):704-708(in Chinese)).
[5]TAKENS F.Detecting strange attractors in turbulence[M].Berlin:Springer,1981.
[6]郭立全,王克明.基于小波包能量谱航空发动机故特征提取方法[J].沈阳航空航天大学学报,2014,31(1):12-15.(GUO Liquan,WANGKeming.The extraction of aero-engine fault feature based on wavelet packet energy spectrum[J].Journal of Shenyang university of aeronautics and astronautics,2014,31(1):12-15(in Chinese)).
[7]张营,左洪福,佟佩声,等.基于谱插值和奇异值差分谱的滚动轴承静电监测信号去噪方法[J].航空动力学报,2014,29(8):1996-2002.(ZHANG Ying,ZUO Hongfu,TONG Peisheng,et al.Denoising method for electrostatic monitoring signal of roller bearing based on spectrum interpolation and difference spectrum of singular value[J].Journal of aerospace power,2014,29(8):1996-2002(in Chinese)).
[8]YAN Y J,CHENG L,WU Z Y,et al.Development in vibration-based structural damage detection technique[J].Mechanical systems and signal processing,2007,21(5):2198-2211.
[9]孙鑫晖,张令弥,王彤.基于奇异值分解的频响函数降噪方法[J].振动、测试与诊断,2009,29(3):325-328.(SUN Xinhui,ZHANGLingmi,WANG Tong.Noise reduction of frequency response function using singular value decomposition[J].Journal of vibration,measurement&diagnosis,2009,29(3):325-328(in Chinese)).
[10]伍宗伟,姚敏立,马红光,等.基于奇异谱分解的微机械加速度计振动噪声抑制方法[J].振动与冲击,2014,33(5):70-75.(WUZongwei,YAO Minli,MA Hongguang,et al.Denoising method for MEMS accelerometers based on singular spectral analysis[J].Journal of vibration and shock,2014,33(5):70-75(in Chinese)).
[11]JIANG Y,KAN J,ZHANG Z,et al.Machine fault diagnosis based on reassigned wavelet scalogram and SVD[J].International journal of advancements in computing technology,2012,4(20):10-21.
[12]TANDON N,CHOUDHURY A.A review of vibration and acoustic measurement methods for the detection of defects in rolling element bearings[J].Tribology international,1999,32(8):469-480.
[13]KANG M,KIM J M.Singular value decomposition based feature extraction approaches for classifying faults of induction motors[J].Mechanical systems and signal processing,2013,41(1/2):348-356.
[14]刘鎏,闫云聚,李鹏博.奇异值分解在超声速无人机声振试验数据处理中的应用[J].振动与冲击,2015(3):28-34.(LIU Liu,YANYunju,LI Pengbo.Singular value spectral decomposition and its application in acoustic test data processing of a supersonic aircraft[J].Journal of vibration and shock,2015(3):28-34(in Chinese)).
[15]KILUNDU B,CHIEMENTIN X,DEHOMBREUX P.Singular spectrum analysis for bearing defect detection[J].Journal of vibration and acoustics,2011,133(5):599-608.
[2]王平,雷沫枝,王金舜,等.中小型航空发动机转静子碰摩故障诊断的一种方法[J].测控技术,2014,33(7):57-60.(WANG Ping,LEI Mozhi,WANG Jinshun,et al.A method of fault diagnosis for rotor-to-stator rub-impact in small and medium-sized aero-engine[J].Journal of measurement and control technology,2014,33(7):57-60(in Chinese)).
[3]马辉,杨健,宋溶泽,等.转子系统碰磨故障试验研究进展与展望[J].振动与冲击,2014,33(6):1-11.(MA Hui,YANG Jian,SONG Rongze,et al.Review and prospect on the research of rub-impact experiment of rotor systems[J].Journal of vibration and shock,2014,33(6):1-11(in Chinese)).
[4]闻静,李舜酩,陈晓红.机匣碰摩热应力梯度变化影响分析[J].应用力学学报,2017,34(4):704-708.(WEN Jing,LI Shunming,CHEN Xiaohong.Influence analysis of the thermal stress gradient change in the casing rubbing[J].Chinese journal of applied mechanics,2017,34(4):704-708(in Chinese)).
[5]TAKENS F.Detecting strange attractors in turbulence[M].Berlin:Springer,1981.
[6]郭立全,王克明.基于小波包能量谱航空发动机故特征提取方法[J].沈阳航空航天大学学报,2014,31(1):12-15.(GUO Liquan,WANGKeming.The extraction of aero-engine fault feature based on wavelet packet energy spectrum[J].Journal of Shenyang university of aeronautics and astronautics,2014,31(1):12-15(in Chinese)).
[7]张营,左洪福,佟佩声,等.基于谱插值和奇异值差分谱的滚动轴承静电监测信号去噪方法[J].航空动力学报,2014,29(8):1996-2002.(ZHANG Ying,ZUO Hongfu,TONG Peisheng,et al.Denoising method for electrostatic monitoring signal of roller bearing based on spectrum interpolation and difference spectrum of singular value[J].Journal of aerospace power,2014,29(8):1996-2002(in Chinese)).
[8]YAN Y J,CHENG L,WU Z Y,et al.Development in vibration-based structural damage detection technique[J].Mechanical systems and signal processing,2007,21(5):2198-2211.
[9]孙鑫晖,张令弥,王彤.基于奇异值分解的频响函数降噪方法[J].振动、测试与诊断,2009,29(3):325-328.(SUN Xinhui,ZHANGLingmi,WANG Tong.Noise reduction of frequency response function using singular value decomposition[J].Journal of vibration,measurement&diagnosis,2009,29(3):325-328(in Chinese)).
[10]伍宗伟,姚敏立,马红光,等.基于奇异谱分解的微机械加速度计振动噪声抑制方法[J].振动与冲击,2014,33(5):70-75.(WUZongwei,YAO Minli,MA Hongguang,et al.Denoising method for MEMS accelerometers based on singular spectral analysis[J].Journal of vibration and shock,2014,33(5):70-75(in Chinese)).
[11]JIANG Y,KAN J,ZHANG Z,et al.Machine fault diagnosis based on reassigned wavelet scalogram and SVD[J].International journal of advancements in computing technology,2012,4(20):10-21.
[12]TANDON N,CHOUDHURY A.A review of vibration and acoustic measurement methods for the detection of defects in rolling element bearings[J].Tribology international,1999,32(8):469-480.
[13]KANG M,KIM J M.Singular value decomposition based feature extraction approaches for classifying faults of induction motors[J].Mechanical systems and signal processing,2013,41(1/2):348-356.
[14]刘鎏,闫云聚,李鹏博.奇异值分解在超声速无人机声振试验数据处理中的应用[J].振动与冲击,2015(3):28-34.(LIU Liu,YANYunju,LI Pengbo.Singular value spectral decomposition and its application in acoustic test data processing of a supersonic aircraft[J].Journal of vibration and shock,2015(3):28-34(in Chinese)).
[15]KILUNDU B,CHIEMENTIN X,DEHOMBREUX P.Singular spectrum analysis for bearing defect detection[J].Journal of vibration and acoustics,2011,133(5):599-608.