城市旅游景点可达性综合评价模型构建及应用——以武汉市主城区为例
|
摘要
在明确旅游景点可达性概念的基础上,借鉴交通工程学的研究内容,围绕"路、车、人、环境"要素,构建了由静态的"路网可达性"、动态的"车行可达性"和基于人与环境互动的"感知可达性"三个维度组成的城市旅游景点可达性综合评价模型,以此为指导,运用网络分析法、空间句法等方法,综合评价了武汉市A级旅游景点的可达性。结果表明:综合评价模型中实时交通路况的权重最大,表明道路拥堵是制约景点可达性的最重要因素;武汉市只有晴川阁、东湖听涛景区等少数景点可达性的各个方面都表现较好;其他景点或多或少都存在一些问题,主要表现为有路好找但少车、有路但少车难找、有车但少路难找;针对这些问题,提出了针对性较强的对策建议。
After clarifying the concept of accessibility of scenic spots, a comprehensive model based on the research contents of Traffic Engineering was constructed to evaluate the accessibility of urban scenic spots. This model takes four related elements— "road", "vehicle", "people", "environment" —into account and consists of three dimensions which are static "road network accessibility", dynamic "vehicle accessibility" and human-centered "perceptual accessibility". This model was applied to evaluate the accessibility of the scenic spots in downtown Wuhan by using appropriate methods such as network analysis, spatial syntax and so on. The results show that: the real-time traffic weights most in the comprehensive evaluation model, indicating that traffic jam is the most important factor impacting the accessibility of the scenic spots in downtown Wuhan; Only several scenic spots(such as Qingchuan Pavillion, Tingtao of the East Lake and so on) show good accessibility in all the three dimensions; Most of the scenic spots have problems in accessibility; some are good at "road" and "people's perception" but not at "vehicle", some are good at "road" but not at both "vehicle" and "people's perception", while others are good at "vehicle" but not at both "road" and "people's perception". Some suggestions are proposed to optimize the accessibility of the scenic spots against the problems they encounter.
After clarifying the concept of accessibility of scenic spots, a comprehensive model based on the research contents of Traffic Engineering was constructed to evaluate the accessibility of urban scenic spots. This model takes four related elements— "road", "vehicle", "people", "environment" —into account and consists of three dimensions which are static "road network accessibility", dynamic "vehicle accessibility" and human-centered "perceptual accessibility". This model was applied to evaluate the accessibility of the scenic spots in downtown Wuhan by using appropriate methods such as network analysis, spatial syntax and so on. The results show that: the real-time traffic weights most in the comprehensive evaluation model, indicating that traffic jam is the most important factor impacting the accessibility of the scenic spots in downtown Wuhan; Only several scenic spots(such as Qingchuan Pavillion, Tingtao of the East Lake and so on) show good accessibility in all the three dimensions; Most of the scenic spots have problems in accessibility; some are good at "road" and "people's perception" but not at "vehicle", some are good at "road" but not at both "vehicle" and "people's perception", while others are good at "vehicle" but not at both "road" and "people's perception". Some suggestions are proposed to optimize the accessibility of the scenic spots against the problems they encounter.
引文
[1] Vandenbulcke G,Steenberghen T,Thomas I. Mapping accessibility in Belgium:a tool for land-use and transport planning?[J]. Journal of Transport Geography,2009,17(1):39-53.
[2] Munteanu A. Conceptualizing and composing tourism accessibility[J]. Lucr?rile Seminarului Geografic“Dimitrie Cantemir”,2010(30):125-133.
[3]靳诚,陆玉麒,张莉,等.基于路网结构的旅游景点可达性分析——以南京市区为例[J].地理研究,2009,28(1):246-258.
[4]张琪,谢双玉,王晓芳,等.基于空间句法的武汉市旅游景点可达性评价[J].经济地理,2015,35(8):200-208.
[5]靳诚,陆玉麒,范黎丽.基于公路网络的长江三角洲旅游景点可达性格局研究[J].自然资源学报,2010,25(2):258-269.
[6]王美霞,蒋才芳,王永明,等.基于公路交通网的武陵山片区旅游景点可达性格局分析[J].经济地理,2014,34(6):187-192.
[7] Wi?ckowski M,Michniak D,Bednarek-Szczepańska M,et al.Road accessibility to tourist destinations of the Polish-Slovak borderland:2010-2030 prediction and planning[J]. Geographia Polonica,2014,87(1):5-26.
[8]吴超,王其东,李珊.基于可达性分析的应急避难场所空间布局研究——以广州市为例[J].城市规划,2018,42(4):107-124.
[9]潘竟虎,从忆波.中国4A级及以上旅游景点(区)空间可达性测度[J].地理科学,2012,32(11):1 321-1 327.
[10]钟业喜,刘影,赖格英.江西省红色旅游景区可达性分析及空间结构优化研究[J].江西师范大学学报:自然科学版,2011,35(2):208-212.
[11] Michniak D,Wi?ckowski M,St?pniak M,et al. The impact of selected planned motorways and expressways on the potential accessibility of the Polish-Slovak borderland with respect to tourism development[J]. Moravian Geographical Reports,2015,23(1):13-20.
[12]姜博,初楠臣.哈大高铁对区域可达性影响及空间格局演变[J].城市规划,2015,39(11):92-98.
[13] Hansen W G. How accessibility shapes land-use[J]. Journal of the American Institute of Planners,1959,25(2):73-76.
[14] Geurs K T,van Eck J R. Accessibility measures:review and applications[R]. RIVM Report 408 505 006,National Institute of Public Health and the Environment,Bilthoven,2001.
[15] Vickerman R. Accessibility,attraction,and potential:a review of some concepts and their use in determining mobility[J]. Environment and Planning A,1974,6(6):675-691.
[16] Kwan M P,Murray A T,O’Kelly M E,et al. Recent Advances in Accessibility Research:Representation,Methodology and Applications[J]. Journal of Geographical Systems,2003,5(1):129-138.
[17]郭建科,王绍博,王辉,刘天宝.哈大高铁对东北城市旅游供需市场的空间效应研究——基于景点可达性的分析[J].地理科学进展,2016,35(4):505-514.
[18] Cervero R. Paradigm shift:From automobility to accessibility planning[J]. Urban Futures,1997(22):9-20.
[19]吴芳.交通工程学[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2014.
[20] Mayo E,Jarvis L. The Psychology of Leisure Travel[M]. Boston:CBI Publishing,1981.
[21] Handy S L,Niemeier D A. Measuring accessibility:an exploration of issues and alternatives[J]. Environment and Planning A,1997,29(7):1 175-1 194.
[22] Geurs K T,Wee B V. Accessibility evaluation of land-use and transport strategies:review and research directions[J]. Journal of Transport Geography,2004,12(2):127-140.
[23]陈洁,陆锋,程昌秀.可达性度量方法及应用研究进展评述[J].地理科学进展,2007,26(5):100-110.
[24]段进,Hiller B.空间研究3—空间句法与城市规划[M].南京:东南大学出版社,2007.
[25]陆化普,张永波,刘庆楠.城市步行交通系统规划方法[J].城市交通,2009,7(6):53-58.
[26]张愚,王建国.再论“空间句法”[J].建筑师,2004(3):33-44.
[27]王富喜,毛爱华,李赫龙,等.基于熵值法的山东省城镇化质量测度及空间差异分析[J].地理科学,2013,33(11):1 323-1 329.
[28]李伟,胡静,陆汝瑞,等.基于旅游目的的特殊时段旅游流时空分布特征研究——以武汉市为例[J].经济地理,2013,33(1):180-186.
(1)已有研究表明,1 200 m以内的出行中,步行占绝对优势[26]。
(1)已有研究表明,全年各大节假日来武汉观光游览的游客分布较为均匀[28],另外,尽管观测期未覆盖“五一”和“十一”长假,但覆盖了抗战胜利70周年纪念日和中秋节,与我国月均假日频次接近,因此,能较真实、客观地反映景点周边的实时路况。
[2] Munteanu A. Conceptualizing and composing tourism accessibility[J]. Lucr?rile Seminarului Geografic“Dimitrie Cantemir”,2010(30):125-133.
[3]靳诚,陆玉麒,张莉,等.基于路网结构的旅游景点可达性分析——以南京市区为例[J].地理研究,2009,28(1):246-258.
[4]张琪,谢双玉,王晓芳,等.基于空间句法的武汉市旅游景点可达性评价[J].经济地理,2015,35(8):200-208.
[5]靳诚,陆玉麒,范黎丽.基于公路网络的长江三角洲旅游景点可达性格局研究[J].自然资源学报,2010,25(2):258-269.
[6]王美霞,蒋才芳,王永明,等.基于公路交通网的武陵山片区旅游景点可达性格局分析[J].经济地理,2014,34(6):187-192.
[7] Wi?ckowski M,Michniak D,Bednarek-Szczepańska M,et al.Road accessibility to tourist destinations of the Polish-Slovak borderland:2010-2030 prediction and planning[J]. Geographia Polonica,2014,87(1):5-26.
[8]吴超,王其东,李珊.基于可达性分析的应急避难场所空间布局研究——以广州市为例[J].城市规划,2018,42(4):107-124.
[9]潘竟虎,从忆波.中国4A级及以上旅游景点(区)空间可达性测度[J].地理科学,2012,32(11):1 321-1 327.
[10]钟业喜,刘影,赖格英.江西省红色旅游景区可达性分析及空间结构优化研究[J].江西师范大学学报:自然科学版,2011,35(2):208-212.
[11] Michniak D,Wi?ckowski M,St?pniak M,et al. The impact of selected planned motorways and expressways on the potential accessibility of the Polish-Slovak borderland with respect to tourism development[J]. Moravian Geographical Reports,2015,23(1):13-20.
[12]姜博,初楠臣.哈大高铁对区域可达性影响及空间格局演变[J].城市规划,2015,39(11):92-98.
[13] Hansen W G. How accessibility shapes land-use[J]. Journal of the American Institute of Planners,1959,25(2):73-76.
[14] Geurs K T,van Eck J R. Accessibility measures:review and applications[R]. RIVM Report 408 505 006,National Institute of Public Health and the Environment,Bilthoven,2001.
[15] Vickerman R. Accessibility,attraction,and potential:a review of some concepts and their use in determining mobility[J]. Environment and Planning A,1974,6(6):675-691.
[16] Kwan M P,Murray A T,O’Kelly M E,et al. Recent Advances in Accessibility Research:Representation,Methodology and Applications[J]. Journal of Geographical Systems,2003,5(1):129-138.
[17]郭建科,王绍博,王辉,刘天宝.哈大高铁对东北城市旅游供需市场的空间效应研究——基于景点可达性的分析[J].地理科学进展,2016,35(4):505-514.
[18] Cervero R. Paradigm shift:From automobility to accessibility planning[J]. Urban Futures,1997(22):9-20.
[19]吴芳.交通工程学[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2014.
[20] Mayo E,Jarvis L. The Psychology of Leisure Travel[M]. Boston:CBI Publishing,1981.
[21] Handy S L,Niemeier D A. Measuring accessibility:an exploration of issues and alternatives[J]. Environment and Planning A,1997,29(7):1 175-1 194.
[22] Geurs K T,Wee B V. Accessibility evaluation of land-use and transport strategies:review and research directions[J]. Journal of Transport Geography,2004,12(2):127-140.
[23]陈洁,陆锋,程昌秀.可达性度量方法及应用研究进展评述[J].地理科学进展,2007,26(5):100-110.
[24]段进,Hiller B.空间研究3—空间句法与城市规划[M].南京:东南大学出版社,2007.
[25]陆化普,张永波,刘庆楠.城市步行交通系统规划方法[J].城市交通,2009,7(6):53-58.
[26]张愚,王建国.再论“空间句法”[J].建筑师,2004(3):33-44.
[27]王富喜,毛爱华,李赫龙,等.基于熵值法的山东省城镇化质量测度及空间差异分析[J].地理科学,2013,33(11):1 323-1 329.
[28]李伟,胡静,陆汝瑞,等.基于旅游目的的特殊时段旅游流时空分布特征研究——以武汉市为例[J].经济地理,2013,33(1):180-186.
(1)已有研究表明,1 200 m以内的出行中,步行占绝对优势[26]。
(1)已有研究表明,全年各大节假日来武汉观光游览的游客分布较为均匀[28],另外,尽管观测期未覆盖“五一”和“十一”长假,但覆盖了抗战胜利70周年纪念日和中秋节,与我国月均假日频次接近,因此,能较真实、客观地反映景点周边的实时路况。
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |