条件价值法中不确定性影响因素及处理方法研究——以呼伦贝尔草原为例
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摘要
以呼伦贝尔草原为例,探究了条件价值法中影响被调查者不确定性的因素,同时构建6种模型对被调查者不确定性进行处理。结果表明:1)位于草原腹地的中西部地区被调查者对草原资源的熟悉度更高,依赖性更强,对草原的认知和看法更加具体和深刻,能够更加深刻地理解草原资源对其生活的意义和价值; 2)对被调查者不确定性影响最为显著的因素是被调查者所在地区和对呼伦贝尔草原的熟悉度,其次是环境意识和收入; 3) Expsure与Real模型的支付意愿最为接近,表明Expsure模型最大程度上减少了条件价值法的虚拟偏差。
This research took Hulunbeier grassland as a case to explore the uncertain factors that affect the respondents in Contingent Value Method( CVM). The results show that:( 1) Respondents in the central and western regions were more familiar with the grassland resources,the cognition and view of the grassland were more specific and profound and they could understand more deeply the significance and value of grassland to their lives.( 2) Respondents' location and their familiarity to Hulunbeier grassland affected respondents uncertainty most significantly; the next were environmental awareness and income.( 3) The average willingness to pay in model Expsure and YES6 is the closest to the willingness to pay in the Real model,indicating that the Expsure and YES6 models minimize the virtual bias of the respondents.
This research took Hulunbeier grassland as a case to explore the uncertain factors that affect the respondents in Contingent Value Method( CVM). The results show that:( 1) Respondents in the central and western regions were more familiar with the grassland resources,the cognition and view of the grassland were more specific and profound and they could understand more deeply the significance and value of grassland to their lives.( 2) Respondents' location and their familiarity to Hulunbeier grassland affected respondents uncertainty most significantly; the next were environmental awareness and income.( 3) The average willingness to pay in model Expsure and YES6 is the closest to the willingness to pay in the Real model,indicating that the Expsure and YES6 models minimize the virtual bias of the respondents.
引文
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[21]王朋薇,韩丽荣,周睿,等.协商式CVM在资源非使用价值评估中的应用研究:以内蒙古达赉湖自然保护区为例[J].资源科学,2017,39(5):902-910.
[2]王朋薇,贾竞波.生态旅游资源非使用价值评估[J].生态学报,2012,32(3):955-963.
[3]韦惠兰,祁应军.基于CVM的牧户对减畜政策的受偿意愿分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2017,31(3):45-50.
[4]俞玥,何秉宇.基于CVM的新疆天池生态系统服务功能非使用价值评估[J].干旱区资源与环境,2012,26(12):53-58.
[5]赵玉,张玉,熊国保,等.区域异质性视角下赣江生态系统服务支付意愿及其价值评估[J].生态学报,2018,38(5):2-13.
[6]王朋薇,钟林生,梅荣,等.审议货币评估与条件价值法的比较和应用:以达赉湖自然保护区为例[J].旅游科学,2016,30(6):12-22.
[7]Harrison G W. Experimental evidence on alternative environmental valuation methods[J]. Environment Resources Economics,2006,34(1):125–162.
[8]Wang P W,Ya J,Mei R,et al. Respondent uncertainty and reliability in contingent valuation-A case of the Dalai Lake protected area[J]. Limnologica,2016,58(58):59-68.
[9]Voltaire L,Pirrone C,Bailly D. Dealing with preference uncertainty in contingent willingness to pay for a nature protection program:a new approach[J]. Ecological Economics,2013,88(3):76-85.
[10]张明军,孙美平,姚晓军,等.不确定性影响下的平均支付意愿参数估计[J].生态学报,2007,27(9):3852-3859.
[11]Ekstrand E R,Loomis J. Incorporating respondent uncertainty when estimating willingness to pay for protecting critical habitat for threatened and endangered fish[J]. Water Resources Research,1998,34(11):3149-3155.
[12]Martínez-espi~neira R,Lyssenko N. Alternative approaches to dealing with respondent uncertainty in contingent valuation:a comparative analysis[J]. Environment Management,2012,93(1):130-139.
[13]Champ P A,Bishop R C. Donation payment mechanisms and contingent valuation:an empirical study of hypotheticalbias[J]. Environ Econ Manage,2001,19(4):383–402.
[14]Strazzera E,Scarpa R,Calia P,et al. Model ling zero values and protest responses in contingent valuation surveys[J]. Applied Economics,2003,35(2):133-138.
[15]García-llorente M,Martín-lópez B,Montes C. Exploring the motivations of protesters in contingent valuation:insights for conservation policies[J]. Environment Science Policy,2011,14(1):76-88.
[16]Jones N,Malesios C,Botetzagias I. The influence of social capital on willingness to pay for the environment among European citizens[J]. European Societies,2009,11(4):511-530.
[17]Voltaire L,Pirrone C,Bailly D. Dealing with preference uncertainty in contingent willingness to pay for a nature protection program:a new approach[J]. Ecological Economics,2013,88(3):76-85.
[18]Blumenschein K,Johannesson M,Blomquist G C,et al. Experimental results on expressed certainty and hypothetical bias in contingent valuation[J]. South Economics,1998,65(1):169-177.
[19]Ethier R G,Poe G L,Schulze W D,et al. A comparison of hypothetical phone and mail contingent valuation responses for green-pricing electricity programs[J]. Land Economics,2000,76(1):54-67.
[20]Poe G L,Clark J E,Rondeau D,et al. Provision point mechanisms and field validity tests of contingent valuation Environ[J]. Resources Economics,2002,23:105-131.
[21]王朋薇,韩丽荣,周睿,等.协商式CVM在资源非使用价值评估中的应用研究:以内蒙古达赉湖自然保护区为例[J].资源科学,2017,39(5):902-910.