真空绝热板芯材木粉原料的隔热性能分析
|
摘要
以杉木和落叶松的木粉为研究对象,测定其三大化学组分的含量,利用瞬态平面热源法(TPS)导热系数仪测定植物纤维素、半纤维素和木素以及不同粒径木粉的导热系数,全自动压汞仪测定不同粒径木粉内部的孔隙结构,通过场发射电子显微镜观察两种木粉表面的形貌,并与多种常用真空绝热板(VIP)芯材原料的导热系数和成本进行对比。结果表明:纤维素、半纤维素和木素的导热系数分别为86.1、55.7和50.7 m W·(m·K)-1;杉木木粉的木素含量相对较高,纤维素和半纤维含量相对较低;杉木木粉开孔较多,孔径较小;在粒径为106～150μm时,杉木木粉的孔隙率为88.2%,总孔体积为7.876 cm3·g-1,平均孔径为18.1μm,导热系数较低,为48.4 m W·(m·K)-1,并且芯材成本较其他材料低,制备所得VIP导热系数为10.6 m W·(m·K)-1。
Chinese fir and larch wood powders were used to study the thermal conductivity of the major chemical components of plants( cellulose,hemicellulose,and lignin). Different wood powder sizes were measured using the transient plane heat source( TPS) technique and a thermal conductivity tester,and the composition of the wood powders were compared. The pore structure of different sized wood powders was measured using an automatic mercury porosimeter. The surface morphology of the two wood powders was observed using a field emission scanning electron microscope( FESEM). After comparing the thermal conductivity and cost of several common vacuum insulation panel( VIP) core materials,the cost performance of the wood powders was determined. The thermal conductivities of cellulose,hemicellulose,and lignin were 86.1,55.7,and 50.7 m W·( m·K)-1,respectively. The lignin content of the fir powder was relatively high,whereas the content of cellulose and hemicellulose was relatively low. The FESEM results indicated that the fir powder was more porous with smaller pore sizes. The porosity of the fir powder in the 106-150 μm was88.2%, total pore volume was 7. 876 cm3· g-1, average pore size was 18. 1 μm, thermal conductivity was lower at48.4 m W·( m·K)-1,and core material cost was lower than that of other materials. For comparison,the thermal conductivity of VIP is 10.6 m W·( m·K)-1.
Chinese fir and larch wood powders were used to study the thermal conductivity of the major chemical components of plants( cellulose,hemicellulose,and lignin). Different wood powder sizes were measured using the transient plane heat source( TPS) technique and a thermal conductivity tester,and the composition of the wood powders were compared. The pore structure of different sized wood powders was measured using an automatic mercury porosimeter. The surface morphology of the two wood powders was observed using a field emission scanning electron microscope( FESEM). After comparing the thermal conductivity and cost of several common vacuum insulation panel( VIP) core materials,the cost performance of the wood powders was determined. The thermal conductivities of cellulose,hemicellulose,and lignin were 86.1,55.7,and 50.7 m W·( m·K)-1,respectively. The lignin content of the fir powder was relatively high,whereas the content of cellulose and hemicellulose was relatively low. The FESEM results indicated that the fir powder was more porous with smaller pore sizes. The porosity of the fir powder in the 106-150 μm was88.2%, total pore volume was 7. 876 cm3· g-1, average pore size was 18. 1 μm, thermal conductivity was lower at48.4 m W·( m·K)-1,and core material cost was lower than that of other materials. For comparison,the thermal conductivity of VIP is 10.6 m W·( m·K)-1.
引文
[1]周莹,王双喜.复合相变储能保温砂浆在日光温室中的应用效果[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(20):190-196.
[2]谢拥群,陈彦,魏起华,等.机械发泡技术制备网状植物纤维材料的研究[J].福建林学院学报,2008,28(3):203-207.
[3]施伟,谭毅,曹作暄.隔热材料研究现状及发展趋势[J].材料导报,2012,26(S1):344-347.
[4] LI C D,LI B B,PAN N,et al. Thermo-physical properties of polyester fiber reinforced fumed silica/hollow glass microsphere composite core and resulted vacuum insulation panel[J]. Energy and Buildings,2016,125:298-309.
[5]ADITYA L,MAHLIA T M I,RISMANCHI B,et al. A review on insulation materials for energy conservation in buildings[J].Renewable&Sustainable Energy Reviews,2017,73:1 352-1 365.
[6]陈照峰,张俊雄,王伟伟,等.真空绝热板技术的研究现状及发展趋势[J].南京航空航天大学学报,2017,49(1):1-16.
[7]潘影,陈照峰,汪洋,等.高温真空绝热板的制备及性能研究[J].南京航空航天大学学报,2017,49(4):586-590.
[8]ALOTAIBI S S,RIFFAT S. Vacuum insulated panels for sustainable buildings:a review of research and applications[J].International Journal of Energy Research,2013,38(1):1-19.
[9]ZHUANG J D,GHAFFAR S H,FAN M Z,et al. Restructure of expanded cork with fumed silica as novel core materials for vacuum insulation panels[J]. Composites Part B:Engineering,2017,127:215-221.
[10] CAPS R,HEINEMANN U,EHRMANNTRAUT M,et al. Evacuated insulation panels filled with pyrogenic silica powders:properties and applications[J]. High Temperatures High Pressures,2001,33(2):151-156.
[11]ALAM M,SINGH H,BRUNNER S,et al. Experimental characterisation and evaluation of the thermo-physical properties of expanded perlite:fumed silica composite for effective vacuum insulation panel(VIP)core[J]. Energy and Buildings,2014,69(69):442-450.
[12]DI X B,GAO Y M,BAO C G,et al. Thermal insulation property and service life of vacuum insulation panels with glass fiber chopped strand as core materials[J]. Energy and Buildings,2014,73(2):176-183.
[13]LI C D,DUAN Z C,CHEN Q,et al. The effect of drying condition of glassfibre core material on the thermal conductivity of vacuum insulation panel[J]. Materials&Design,2013,50(2):1 030-1 037.
[14]吕城龙.木质纤维保温材料的性能研究[D].南京:南京林业大学,2013.
[15]金漫彤,朱聪颖,金赞芳.秸秆土聚物保温建筑材料工艺及界面结构分析[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(4):332-338.
[16]LI C D,SAEED M U,PAN N,et al. Fabrication and characterization of low-cost and green vacuum insulation panels with fumed silica/rice husk ash hybrid core material[J]. Materials&Design,2016,107:440-449.
[17]陈秀凯,李月仙,陈刚.一种利用粉煤灰和稻壳灰制作真空绝热板的方法:CN103343580A[P]. 2013-10-09.
[18]陈照峰,王璐,庞怡.一种秸秆为芯材的真空绝热板:CN104712883A[P]. 2015-06-17.
[19]杨庆贤.木材径向导热系数的物理力学研究[J].应用科学学报,1999,17(3):366-370.
[20]俞自涛.着火前木材传热传质过程的试验和理论研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2005.
[21]徐杨,杜祥哲,齐英杰,等.浅析木材加工剩余物的利用途径[J].林产工业,2015,42(5):40-44.
[22]刘圣恩,林开敏,郑文辉,等.杉木研究科技文献计量分析[J].森林与环境学报,2015,35(1):19-25.
[23]中国轻工总会.造纸原料综纤维素含量的测定:GB/T 2677.10—1995[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1995.
[24]中国轻工总会.造纸原料酸不溶木素含量的测定:GB/T 2677.8—1994[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1994.
[25]王林风,程远超.硝酸乙醇法测定纤维素含量[J].化学研究,2011,22(4):52-55,71.
[26]孙亮亮,陈卫翠,方肇洪.利用瞬态平面热源法测定材料的导热系数[C]∥中国工程热物理学会传热传质学学术会议论文集.南京:中国工程热物理学会,2006:1 378-1 385.
[27]International Organization for Standardization. Determination of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity-part 2:transient plane heat source(hot disc)method:ISO 22007-2:2008[S]. Geneva:ISO,2008.
[28]ALMEIDA F A,CORKER J,FERREIRA N,et al. Alternative low cost based core systems for vacuum insulation panels[J]. Ciência&Tecnologia dos Materiais,2017,29(1):e151-e156.
[29]司坤.真空绝热保温墙板的制备技术与性能研究[D].南京:东南大学,2012.
[30]KWON J S,JAND C H,JUNG H,et al. Effective thermal conductivity of various filling materials for vacuum insulation panels[J]. International Journal of Heat&Mass Transfer,2009,52(23):5 525-5 532.
[31]董旭,戴达松,范毜仔,等.竹纤维真空绝热板芯材的结构和性能研究[J].中国造纸,2017,36(12):45-50.
[32]WANG S X,WALLIMAN N,OGDEN R,et al. VIP and their applications in buildings:a review[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Construction Materials,2007,160(4):145-153.
[2]谢拥群,陈彦,魏起华,等.机械发泡技术制备网状植物纤维材料的研究[J].福建林学院学报,2008,28(3):203-207.
[3]施伟,谭毅,曹作暄.隔热材料研究现状及发展趋势[J].材料导报,2012,26(S1):344-347.
[4] LI C D,LI B B,PAN N,et al. Thermo-physical properties of polyester fiber reinforced fumed silica/hollow glass microsphere composite core and resulted vacuum insulation panel[J]. Energy and Buildings,2016,125:298-309.
[5]ADITYA L,MAHLIA T M I,RISMANCHI B,et al. A review on insulation materials for energy conservation in buildings[J].Renewable&Sustainable Energy Reviews,2017,73:1 352-1 365.
[6]陈照峰,张俊雄,王伟伟,等.真空绝热板技术的研究现状及发展趋势[J].南京航空航天大学学报,2017,49(1):1-16.
[7]潘影,陈照峰,汪洋,等.高温真空绝热板的制备及性能研究[J].南京航空航天大学学报,2017,49(4):586-590.
[8]ALOTAIBI S S,RIFFAT S. Vacuum insulated panels for sustainable buildings:a review of research and applications[J].International Journal of Energy Research,2013,38(1):1-19.
[9]ZHUANG J D,GHAFFAR S H,FAN M Z,et al. Restructure of expanded cork with fumed silica as novel core materials for vacuum insulation panels[J]. Composites Part B:Engineering,2017,127:215-221.
[10] CAPS R,HEINEMANN U,EHRMANNTRAUT M,et al. Evacuated insulation panels filled with pyrogenic silica powders:properties and applications[J]. High Temperatures High Pressures,2001,33(2):151-156.
[11]ALAM M,SINGH H,BRUNNER S,et al. Experimental characterisation and evaluation of the thermo-physical properties of expanded perlite:fumed silica composite for effective vacuum insulation panel(VIP)core[J]. Energy and Buildings,2014,69(69):442-450.
[12]DI X B,GAO Y M,BAO C G,et al. Thermal insulation property and service life of vacuum insulation panels with glass fiber chopped strand as core materials[J]. Energy and Buildings,2014,73(2):176-183.
[13]LI C D,DUAN Z C,CHEN Q,et al. The effect of drying condition of glassfibre core material on the thermal conductivity of vacuum insulation panel[J]. Materials&Design,2013,50(2):1 030-1 037.
[14]吕城龙.木质纤维保温材料的性能研究[D].南京:南京林业大学,2013.
[15]金漫彤,朱聪颖,金赞芳.秸秆土聚物保温建筑材料工艺及界面结构分析[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(4):332-338.
[16]LI C D,SAEED M U,PAN N,et al. Fabrication and characterization of low-cost and green vacuum insulation panels with fumed silica/rice husk ash hybrid core material[J]. Materials&Design,2016,107:440-449.
[17]陈秀凯,李月仙,陈刚.一种利用粉煤灰和稻壳灰制作真空绝热板的方法:CN103343580A[P]. 2013-10-09.
[18]陈照峰,王璐,庞怡.一种秸秆为芯材的真空绝热板:CN104712883A[P]. 2015-06-17.
[19]杨庆贤.木材径向导热系数的物理力学研究[J].应用科学学报,1999,17(3):366-370.
[20]俞自涛.着火前木材传热传质过程的试验和理论研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2005.
[21]徐杨,杜祥哲,齐英杰,等.浅析木材加工剩余物的利用途径[J].林产工业,2015,42(5):40-44.
[22]刘圣恩,林开敏,郑文辉,等.杉木研究科技文献计量分析[J].森林与环境学报,2015,35(1):19-25.
[23]中国轻工总会.造纸原料综纤维素含量的测定:GB/T 2677.10—1995[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1995.
[24]中国轻工总会.造纸原料酸不溶木素含量的测定:GB/T 2677.8—1994[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1994.
[25]王林风,程远超.硝酸乙醇法测定纤维素含量[J].化学研究,2011,22(4):52-55,71.
[26]孙亮亮,陈卫翠,方肇洪.利用瞬态平面热源法测定材料的导热系数[C]∥中国工程热物理学会传热传质学学术会议论文集.南京:中国工程热物理学会,2006:1 378-1 385.
[27]International Organization for Standardization. Determination of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity-part 2:transient plane heat source(hot disc)method:ISO 22007-2:2008[S]. Geneva:ISO,2008.
[28]ALMEIDA F A,CORKER J,FERREIRA N,et al. Alternative low cost based core systems for vacuum insulation panels[J]. Ciência&Tecnologia dos Materiais,2017,29(1):e151-e156.
[29]司坤.真空绝热保温墙板的制备技术与性能研究[D].南京:东南大学,2012.
[30]KWON J S,JAND C H,JUNG H,et al. Effective thermal conductivity of various filling materials for vacuum insulation panels[J]. International Journal of Heat&Mass Transfer,2009,52(23):5 525-5 532.
[31]董旭,戴达松,范毜仔,等.竹纤维真空绝热板芯材的结构和性能研究[J].中国造纸,2017,36(12):45-50.
[32]WANG S X,WALLIMAN N,OGDEN R,et al. VIP and their applications in buildings:a review[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Construction Materials,2007,160(4):145-153.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |