外源Cl~-添加对不同母质土壤溶液Cd~(2+)浓度的影响
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摘要
土壤镉(Cd)的环境行为与其在土壤溶液中的存在形态以及陪伴离子有关,然而外源Cl~-与土壤溶液中Cd~(2+)的关系以及不同母质土壤对Cd~(2+)的环境行为的影响并没有明确的结论.选取2种水稻土(第四纪红色黏土母质发育的红黄泥、紫色砂页岩母质发育的紫泥田)为研究对象,添加离子态外源Cd~(2+)(0、1、2.5、5 mg·kg~(-1)),平衡老化后添加外源Cl~-(0、0.6、1.2 mg·kg~(-1)),在保持水分恒定的情况下进行模拟培养试验,研究外源Cl~-添加对土壤溶液Cd~(2+)浓度的影响.结果表明,随着外源Cd~(2+)的增加,土壤溶液Cd~(2+)的浓度提高,红黄泥土壤溶液Cd~(2+)的浓度显著高于紫泥田;添加Cl~-会使土壤溶液中Cd~(2+)浓度升高,且Cd~(2+)浓度与外源Cl~-呈显著正相关,红黄泥和紫泥田土壤溶液中Cd~(2+)的平均浓度比不添加Cl~-时Cd~(2+)的平均浓度分别增加了12.74%、51.49%;土壤对Cd~(2+)的吸附关系符合Freundlich等温吸附方程,紫泥田对Cd~(2+)的吸附量显著高于红黄泥,添加Cl~-对红黄泥Cd~(2+)的吸附影响很小,而对紫泥田的影响显著.Cl~-存在下,红黄泥和紫泥田的解吸率分别为12.50%～19.25%、14.76%～24.99%,外源Cl~-添加对Cd~(2+)解吸影响小.综合分析认为,Cl~-对不同土壤Cd~(2+)的吸附解吸行为影响有较大的差异.
Environmental behaviors of cadmium(Cd) in soil are related to its chemical forms and the co-existed ions in soil solutions. However, there are no clear conclusions for the relationship between exogenous Cl~- and soil solution Cd~(2+) and for the effects of soils with various parent materials on the environmental behaviors of Cd~(2+). In this research, two kinds of paddy soils(reddish clayey soil developed from quaternary red clay parent materials and purple paddy soil developed from purple sandy shale parent materials) were selected as the research objects, the effects of exogenous Cl~- on Cd~(2+) concentrations in soil solutions were studied by simulated culture experiments. Different amounts of exogenous Cl~-(0, 0.6, 1.2 mg·kg~(-1)) were introduced to the cultural paddy soils with Cd~(2+) contents of 0, 1, 2.5, 5 mg·kg~(-1) and with a constant water content. The results showed that Cd~(2+) concentrations in soil solutions were increased with increasing in amounts of exogenous Cl~-, and Cd~(2+) concentrations in reddish clayey soil solutions were significantly higher than those in purple paddy soil solutions. Exogenous Cl~- enhanced Cd~(2+) concentrations in soil solutions, and a significant positive correlation between exogenous Cl~- and solution Cd~(2+) was observed. Compared to the treatment with no exogenous Cl~- addition, Cd~(2+) concentrations increased averagely by 12.74% in reddish clayey soil solutions and 51.49% in purple paddy soil solutions, respectively. Cd~(2+) adsorption on these two soils accorded with the Freundlich isotherm adsorption equation, and the adsorption amount of Cd~(2+) on purple paddy soil was significantly higher than that on reddish clayey soil. It was clear that exogenous Cl~- had little effects on Cd~(2+) adsorption on reddish clayey soil, but had obvious effects on Cd~(2+) adsorption on purple paddy soil. In the presence of Cl~-, Cd~(2+) desorption rates were 12.50%～19.25% from reddish clayey soil and were 14.76%～24.99% from purple paddy soil, respectively, showing that exogenous Cl~- addition had only a little effects on Cd~(2+) desorption from the tested soils. In summary, the effects of exogenous Cl~- on the adsorption and desorption behaviors of Cd~(2+) in different soils were quite different.
Environmental behaviors of cadmium(Cd) in soil are related to its chemical forms and the co-existed ions in soil solutions. However, there are no clear conclusions for the relationship between exogenous Cl~- and soil solution Cd~(2+) and for the effects of soils with various parent materials on the environmental behaviors of Cd~(2+). In this research, two kinds of paddy soils(reddish clayey soil developed from quaternary red clay parent materials and purple paddy soil developed from purple sandy shale parent materials) were selected as the research objects, the effects of exogenous Cl~- on Cd~(2+) concentrations in soil solutions were studied by simulated culture experiments. Different amounts of exogenous Cl~-(0, 0.6, 1.2 mg·kg~(-1)) were introduced to the cultural paddy soils with Cd~(2+) contents of 0, 1, 2.5, 5 mg·kg~(-1) and with a constant water content. The results showed that Cd~(2+) concentrations in soil solutions were increased with increasing in amounts of exogenous Cl~-, and Cd~(2+) concentrations in reddish clayey soil solutions were significantly higher than those in purple paddy soil solutions. Exogenous Cl~- enhanced Cd~(2+) concentrations in soil solutions, and a significant positive correlation between exogenous Cl~- and solution Cd~(2+) was observed. Compared to the treatment with no exogenous Cl~- addition, Cd~(2+) concentrations increased averagely by 12.74% in reddish clayey soil solutions and 51.49% in purple paddy soil solutions, respectively. Cd~(2+) adsorption on these two soils accorded with the Freundlich isotherm adsorption equation, and the adsorption amount of Cd~(2+) on purple paddy soil was significantly higher than that on reddish clayey soil. It was clear that exogenous Cl~- had little effects on Cd~(2+) adsorption on reddish clayey soil, but had obvious effects on Cd~(2+) adsorption on purple paddy soil. In the presence of Cl~-, Cd~(2+) desorption rates were 12.50%～19.25% from reddish clayey soil and were 14.76%～24.99% from purple paddy soil, respectively, showing that exogenous Cl~- addition had only a little effects on Cd~(2+) desorption from the tested soils. In summary, the effects of exogenous Cl~- on the adsorption and desorption behaviors of Cd~(2+) in different soils were quite different.
引文
艾合买提, 李世迁, 周培疆. 2011. 硝酸银滴定法测量水中氯化物含量的不确定度评定[J]. 环境科学与技术, 34(7): 161-166
Chen H M, Zheng C R, Sun X H. 1991. Effect of anions on adsorbility and extractability of lead added in soil[J]. Pedosphere, 1(1): 51-62
Chen Z, Tang Y T, Yao A J, et al. 2017. Mitigation of Cd accumulation in paddy rice (Oryza sativa L.) by Fe fertilization[J]. Environmental Pollution, 231: 549-559
程明芳, 金继运, 李春花, 等. 2010. 氯离子对作物生长和土壤性质影响的研究进展[J]. 浙江农业科学, 1(1): 12-14
陈齐, 邓潇, 陈珊, 等. 2017. 典型土壤不同提取态Cd与水稻吸收累积的关系[J]. 环境科学, 38(6): 2538-2545
陈苏, 孙丽娜, 孙铁珩, 等. 2007. 钾肥对镉的植物有效性的影响[J]. 环境科学, 28(1): 182-188
Collins C R, Ragnarsdottir K V, Sherman D M. 1999. Effect of inorganic and organic ligands on the mechanism of cadmium sorption to goethite[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 63(19/20): 2989-3002
Dahlin A S, Eriksson J, Campbell C D, et al. 2016. Soil amendment affects Cd uptake by wheat - are we underestimating the risks from chloride inputs?[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 554-555: 349-357
丁能飞, 周吉庆, 龟和田国彦, 等. 2008. 不同种类与浓度的阴离子对菠菜镉吸收的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 14(6): 1137-1141
郭晋君, 张沛, 杏艳, 等. 2013. pH对土壤吸附重金属镉的影响[J]. 广东化工, 40(8): 116-117
顾庆伟, 石瑞, 刘峥, 等. 2012. 氨法脱硫洗涤液pH的计算模型[J]. 环境工程学报, 6(4): 1305-1309
Hao X Z, Zhou D M, Li D D, et al. 2012. Growth, Cadmium and Zinc accumulation of ornamental sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in contaminated soil with different amendments[J]. Pedosphere, 22(5): 631-639
Hattori H, Kuniyasu K, Chiba K, et al. 2006. Effect of chloride application and low soil pH on cadmium uptake from soil by plants[J]. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 52(1): 89-94
Khan K S,Xie Z M,Huang C Y. 1997. Effect of anions on toxicity of cadmium applied to microbial biomass in red soil[J]. Pedosphere, 7(3): 231-235
李振炫, 黄利东, 陈艳芳, 等. 2015. 开放系统下方解石对邻苯二甲酸的吸附[J]. 环境科学, 36(7): 2547-2553
刘平, 徐明岗, 李菊梅, 等. 2008. 不同钾肥对土壤铅植物有效性的影响及其机制[J]. 环境科学, 29(1): 202-206
刘平, 徐明岗, 宋正国. 2007. 伴随阴离子对土壤中铅和镉吸附-解吸的影响[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 26(1): 252-256
刘妍, 朱晓龙, 丁咸庆, 等. 2014. 不同母质发育水稻土对Cd、Pb吸附解吸特性及其影响因子分析[J]. 农业现代化研究, 35(5): 663-667
马玉玲, 马杰, 陈雅丽, 等. 2018. 水铁矿及其胶体对砷的吸附与吸附形态[J]. 环境科学, 39(1): 179-186
Norvell W A, Wu J P, Hopkins D G, et al. 2000. Association of cadmium in durum wheat grain with soil chloride and chelate-extractable soil cadmium[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 64(6): 2162-2168
戚冰洁, 汪吉东, 张永春, 等. 2013. 甘薯不同氯离子测定方法的比较研究[J]. 土壤学报, 50(3): 584-590
Smolders E, Lambregts R M, Mclaughlin M J, et al. 1998. Effect of soil solution chloride on cadmium availability to Swiss chard[J]. Journal of Environmental Quality, 27(2): 426-431
王吉秀, 王丹丹, 祖艳群, 等. 2014. 氯离子对玉米累积镉的影响[J]. 安徽农业科学, 42(15): 4630-4632+4663
汪洁, 袁涛, 郭广勇. 2011. 不同伴随阴离子对水稻土铜吸附-解吸的影响研究[J]. 环境科学与管理, 36(1): 40-42+70
Wang L, Meng J, Li Z T, et al. 2017. First “charosphere” view towards the transport and transformation of Cd with addition of manure derived biochar[J]. Environmental Pollution, 227: 175-182
吴涛, 曾英, 倪师军, 等. 2004. 成都市郊区域农田中土壤镉形态研究[J]. 上海环境科学, 23(6): 36-239
王祖伟, 弋良朋, 高文燕, 等. 2012. 碱性土壤盐化过程中阴离子对土壤中镉有效态和植物吸收镉的影响[J]. 生态学报, 32(23): 7512-7518
Wang Z W, Zeng X F, Yu X M, et al. 2010. Adsorption behaviors of Cd2+ on Fe2O3/MnO2 and the effects of coexisting ions under alkaline conditions[J]. Chinese Journal of Geochemistry, 29(2): 197-203
邢维芹, 王亚利, Scheckel Kirk G, 等. 2013. 不同阴离子对水溶性磷酸盐稳定污染土壤中重金属的影响[J]. 环境科学学报, 33(10): 2814-2820
徐卫红, 王宏信, 王正银, 等. 2006. 锌、镉复合污染对重金属蓄集植物黑麦草养分吸收及锌、镉积累的影响[J]. 生态毒理学报, 1(1): 70-74
杨兰, 李冰, 王昌全, 等. 2015. 伴随阴离子对土壤Cd形态转化的影响[J]. 生态环境学报, 24(5): 866-872
衣纯真, 傅桂平, 张福锁. 1996. 不同钾肥对水稻镉吸收和运移的影响[J]. 中国农业大学学报, 1(3): 65-70
Yu S, He Z l, Huang C Y, et al. 2005. Effects of anions on the capacity and affinity of copper adsorption in two variable charge soils[J]. Biogeochemistry, 75(1): 1-18
Yu T R, Beyme B, Richter J. 1989. Direct determination of potassium-calcium activity ratio in soils with two ion-selective electrodes. II. Interactions of potassium and calcium ions with soils[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 152(4): 359-365
Yuan D, Huang L, Zeng L, et al. 2017. Acute toxicity of Mercury Chloride (HgCl2) and Cadmium Chloride (CdCl2) on the behavior of freshwater fish, Percocypris Pingi[J]. International Journal of Aquaculture and Fishery Sciences, 3(3): 066-070
曾辉平, 吕赛赛, 杨航, 等. 2018. 铁锰泥除砷颗粒吸附剂对As(Ⅴ)的吸附去除[J]. 环境科学, 39(1): 170-178
曾祥峰, 张凯, 于晓曼, 等. 2008. 碱性盐化条件下蒙脱石和伊利石对镉的吸附特征研究[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 27(6): 2251-2257
赵晶, 冯文强, 秦鱼生, 等. 2010. 不同氮磷钾肥对土壤pH和镉有效性的影响[J]. 土壤学报, 47(5): 953-961
赵中秋, 朱永官, 蔡运龙. 2005. 镉在土壤-植物系统中的迁移转化及其影响因素[J]. 生态环境, 14(2): 282-286
钟金魁, 赵保卫, 朱琨, 等. 2013. Triton X-100在黄土上的吸附行为及影响因素[J]. 环境科学, 34(3): 1114-1119
邹献中, 姜军, 赵安珍, 等. 2012. 阴离子对可变电荷土壤吸附铜离子的影响机理[J]. 土壤学报, 49(2): 311-318
Chen H M, Zheng C R, Sun X H. 1991. Effect of anions on adsorbility and extractability of lead added in soil[J]. Pedosphere, 1(1): 51-62
Chen Z, Tang Y T, Yao A J, et al. 2017. Mitigation of Cd accumulation in paddy rice (Oryza sativa L.) by Fe fertilization[J]. Environmental Pollution, 231: 549-559
程明芳, 金继运, 李春花, 等. 2010. 氯离子对作物生长和土壤性质影响的研究进展[J]. 浙江农业科学, 1(1): 12-14
陈齐, 邓潇, 陈珊, 等. 2017. 典型土壤不同提取态Cd与水稻吸收累积的关系[J]. 环境科学, 38(6): 2538-2545
陈苏, 孙丽娜, 孙铁珩, 等. 2007. 钾肥对镉的植物有效性的影响[J]. 环境科学, 28(1): 182-188
Collins C R, Ragnarsdottir K V, Sherman D M. 1999. Effect of inorganic and organic ligands on the mechanism of cadmium sorption to goethite[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 63(19/20): 2989-3002
Dahlin A S, Eriksson J, Campbell C D, et al. 2016. Soil amendment affects Cd uptake by wheat - are we underestimating the risks from chloride inputs?[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 554-555: 349-357
丁能飞, 周吉庆, 龟和田国彦, 等. 2008. 不同种类与浓度的阴离子对菠菜镉吸收的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 14(6): 1137-1141
郭晋君, 张沛, 杏艳, 等. 2013. pH对土壤吸附重金属镉的影响[J]. 广东化工, 40(8): 116-117
顾庆伟, 石瑞, 刘峥, 等. 2012. 氨法脱硫洗涤液pH的计算模型[J]. 环境工程学报, 6(4): 1305-1309
Hao X Z, Zhou D M, Li D D, et al. 2012. Growth, Cadmium and Zinc accumulation of ornamental sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in contaminated soil with different amendments[J]. Pedosphere, 22(5): 631-639
Hattori H, Kuniyasu K, Chiba K, et al. 2006. Effect of chloride application and low soil pH on cadmium uptake from soil by plants[J]. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 52(1): 89-94
Khan K S,Xie Z M,Huang C Y. 1997. Effect of anions on toxicity of cadmium applied to microbial biomass in red soil[J]. Pedosphere, 7(3): 231-235
李振炫, 黄利东, 陈艳芳, 等. 2015. 开放系统下方解石对邻苯二甲酸的吸附[J]. 环境科学, 36(7): 2547-2553
刘平, 徐明岗, 李菊梅, 等. 2008. 不同钾肥对土壤铅植物有效性的影响及其机制[J]. 环境科学, 29(1): 202-206
刘平, 徐明岗, 宋正国. 2007. 伴随阴离子对土壤中铅和镉吸附-解吸的影响[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 26(1): 252-256
刘妍, 朱晓龙, 丁咸庆, 等. 2014. 不同母质发育水稻土对Cd、Pb吸附解吸特性及其影响因子分析[J]. 农业现代化研究, 35(5): 663-667
马玉玲, 马杰, 陈雅丽, 等. 2018. 水铁矿及其胶体对砷的吸附与吸附形态[J]. 环境科学, 39(1): 179-186
Norvell W A, Wu J P, Hopkins D G, et al. 2000. Association of cadmium in durum wheat grain with soil chloride and chelate-extractable soil cadmium[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 64(6): 2162-2168
戚冰洁, 汪吉东, 张永春, 等. 2013. 甘薯不同氯离子测定方法的比较研究[J]. 土壤学报, 50(3): 584-590
Smolders E, Lambregts R M, Mclaughlin M J, et al. 1998. Effect of soil solution chloride on cadmium availability to Swiss chard[J]. Journal of Environmental Quality, 27(2): 426-431
王吉秀, 王丹丹, 祖艳群, 等. 2014. 氯离子对玉米累积镉的影响[J]. 安徽农业科学, 42(15): 4630-4632+4663
汪洁, 袁涛, 郭广勇. 2011. 不同伴随阴离子对水稻土铜吸附-解吸的影响研究[J]. 环境科学与管理, 36(1): 40-42+70
Wang L, Meng J, Li Z T, et al. 2017. First “charosphere” view towards the transport and transformation of Cd with addition of manure derived biochar[J]. Environmental Pollution, 227: 175-182
吴涛, 曾英, 倪师军, 等. 2004. 成都市郊区域农田中土壤镉形态研究[J]. 上海环境科学, 23(6): 36-239
王祖伟, 弋良朋, 高文燕, 等. 2012. 碱性土壤盐化过程中阴离子对土壤中镉有效态和植物吸收镉的影响[J]. 生态学报, 32(23): 7512-7518
Wang Z W, Zeng X F, Yu X M, et al. 2010. Adsorption behaviors of Cd2+ on Fe2O3/MnO2 and the effects of coexisting ions under alkaline conditions[J]. Chinese Journal of Geochemistry, 29(2): 197-203
邢维芹, 王亚利, Scheckel Kirk G, 等. 2013. 不同阴离子对水溶性磷酸盐稳定污染土壤中重金属的影响[J]. 环境科学学报, 33(10): 2814-2820
徐卫红, 王宏信, 王正银, 等. 2006. 锌、镉复合污染对重金属蓄集植物黑麦草养分吸收及锌、镉积累的影响[J]. 生态毒理学报, 1(1): 70-74
杨兰, 李冰, 王昌全, 等. 2015. 伴随阴离子对土壤Cd形态转化的影响[J]. 生态环境学报, 24(5): 866-872
衣纯真, 傅桂平, 张福锁. 1996. 不同钾肥对水稻镉吸收和运移的影响[J]. 中国农业大学学报, 1(3): 65-70
Yu S, He Z l, Huang C Y, et al. 2005. Effects of anions on the capacity and affinity of copper adsorption in two variable charge soils[J]. Biogeochemistry, 75(1): 1-18
Yu T R, Beyme B, Richter J. 1989. Direct determination of potassium-calcium activity ratio in soils with two ion-selective electrodes. II. Interactions of potassium and calcium ions with soils[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 152(4): 359-365
Yuan D, Huang L, Zeng L, et al. 2017. Acute toxicity of Mercury Chloride (HgCl2) and Cadmium Chloride (CdCl2) on the behavior of freshwater fish, Percocypris Pingi[J]. International Journal of Aquaculture and Fishery Sciences, 3(3): 066-070
曾辉平, 吕赛赛, 杨航, 等. 2018. 铁锰泥除砷颗粒吸附剂对As(Ⅴ)的吸附去除[J]. 环境科学, 39(1): 170-178
曾祥峰, 张凯, 于晓曼, 等. 2008. 碱性盐化条件下蒙脱石和伊利石对镉的吸附特征研究[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 27(6): 2251-2257
赵晶, 冯文强, 秦鱼生, 等. 2010. 不同氮磷钾肥对土壤pH和镉有效性的影响[J]. 土壤学报, 47(5): 953-961
赵中秋, 朱永官, 蔡运龙. 2005. 镉在土壤-植物系统中的迁移转化及其影响因素[J]. 生态环境, 14(2): 282-286
钟金魁, 赵保卫, 朱琨, 等. 2013. Triton X-100在黄土上的吸附行为及影响因素[J]. 环境科学, 34(3): 1114-1119
邹献中, 姜军, 赵安珍, 等. 2012. 阴离子对可变电荷土壤吸附铜离子的影响机理[J]. 土壤学报, 49(2): 311-318
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