基于涡动力学的离心泵内部流动诊断
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摘要
为了研究离心泵中涡结构、涡演化和涡的相互作用,基于RNG k-ε湍流模型和涡动力学诊断方法的正则化螺旋度、Q准则、BVF诊断等对离心泵设计工况下的涡旋运动进行数值研究。与传统方法获得的压力、速度云图相比较,涡动力学诊断可以准确捕捉到离心泵叶轮、蜗壳中的涡旋结构、强度变化。蜗壳蜗型段存在一对旋转方向相反的涡,与经典的卡门涡街脱落涡的旋转方向相反,该对涡来源于叶片压力面流动的分离;蜗型段压力脉动根源是叶轮上脱落的一对周期性涡,在隔舌处尤为明显;蜗壳扩散段存在两对涡,一对是蜗型段的主涡,一对是隔舌位置脱落的次涡-卡门涡街,两对涡相互作用在泵出口形成了一对不规则涡。给离心泵涡控制、流动减阻提供理论依据。
In order to study the vortex structure, vortex and vortex evolution of centrifugal pump, the interior flow is numerically simulated by RNG k-ε turbulence model and vortex dynamics identification method including helicity, Q criterion, BVF. Compared with the traditional method to obtain the pressure and velocity contours, vortex dynamics identification can accurately capture vorticity changes in impeller and volute. The results show that there is a pair of vortexes with the opposite direction in volute spiral section, whose rotation direction compared with the classical Carmen vortex is contrary. The vortexes are from the flow separation of pressure surface on blades. The source of pressure pulsation on volute spiral section is the periodic shedding vortex on the impeller, especially in the tongue. There are two pairs of vortices in diffusion section of volute. One is the main vortex from the volute spiral section and the other is the secondary vortex-Carmen vortex falling off the tongue position, where it forms a pair of irregular vortex at volute outlet. The paper can provide a theoretical basis for vortex control and flow drag reduction in centrifugal pumps.
In order to study the vortex structure, vortex and vortex evolution of centrifugal pump, the interior flow is numerically simulated by RNG k-ε turbulence model and vortex dynamics identification method including helicity, Q criterion, BVF. Compared with the traditional method to obtain the pressure and velocity contours, vortex dynamics identification can accurately capture vorticity changes in impeller and volute. The results show that there is a pair of vortexes with the opposite direction in volute spiral section, whose rotation direction compared with the classical Carmen vortex is contrary. The vortexes are from the flow separation of pressure surface on blades. The source of pressure pulsation on volute spiral section is the periodic shedding vortex on the impeller, especially in the tongue. There are two pairs of vortices in diffusion section of volute. One is the main vortex from the volute spiral section and the other is the secondary vortex-Carmen vortex falling off the tongue position, where it forms a pair of irregular vortex at volute outlet. The paper can provide a theoretical basis for vortex control and flow drag reduction in centrifugal pumps.
引文
[1] Rouhollah Torabi, Seyyed Ahmad Nourbakhsh. The effect of viscosity on performance of a low specific speed centrifugal pump[J]. International Journal of Rotating Machinery, 2016,(8):1-9.
[2] Wenguang Li. Effects of flow rate and viscosity on slip factor of centrifugal pump handling viscous oils[J]. International Journal of Rotating Machinery, 2013,(6):1-12.
[3] 张涵信. 分离流与旋涡运动的结构分析[M]. 北京: 国防工业出版社, 2002.
[4] 童秉纲, 尹协远, 朱克勤. 涡运动理论[M]. 合肥: 中国科技大学出版社,2009.
[5] Jeong J, Hussain F.On the identification of a vortex[J].Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1995,285(69):69-94.
[6] 李震, 张锡文,何枫. 基于速度梯度张量的四元分解对若干涡判据的评价[J]. 物理学报,2014,63(5):1-7.
[7] Inoue M, Kuroumaru M, Tanino T, et al. Comparative studies on short and long length-scale stall cell propagating in an axial compressor rotor[J]. Journal of Turbomachinery, 2000,123(1):24-30.
[8] Niewoehner J, Poehler T, Jeschke P, et al.Investigation of nonaxisymmetric endwall contouring and three-dimensional airfoil design in a 1.5 Stage axial turbine-part II: experimental validation[J].Journal of Turbomachinery, 2015,137(8):1-12.
[9] Jiang M, Machiraju R, Thompson D. Detection and Visualization of Vortices[J]. Visualization Handbook, 2005,(1):295-309.
[10] 张翔. 不锈钢冲压焊接离心泵能量转换特性与设计方法[D]. 江苏镇江:江苏大学,2011.
[11] 曹璞钰,印刚,王洋,等. 离心泵内双龙卷风式分离涡数值分析[J]. 农业机械学报,2016,47(4):22-28.
[12] 王洋,赵立峰,刘志超,等. 多级离心泵水力性能数值预测涡量分析法[J].排灌机械工程学报,2016,34(7):561-566.
[13] 王维军, 王洋, 刘瑞华,等. 离心泵空化流动数值计算[J]. 农业机械学报,2014,45(3):37-44.
[14] Wang Yang, Wang Weijun. Applicability of eddy viscosity turbulence models in low specific speed centrifugal pump[J]. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2012,15(6):1-8.
[15] Wang Weijun, Wang Yang. Analysis on the inner flow field of the low specific speed centrifugal pump based on LES[J]. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, 2013,27(6):1 619-1 626.
[16] 王洋,谢山峰,王维军.开缝叶片低比转数离心泵空化性能的数值模拟[J]. 排灌机械工程学报,2016,34(3):210-215.
[17] 李随波,魏培茹,陈红勋. 缝隙引流叶片对低比转速离心泵性能的影响[J]. 上海大学学报(自然科学版),2012,(4):396-400.
[18] 胡子俊,张楠,姚惠之,等. 涡判据在孔腔涡旋流动拓扑结构分析中的应用[J]. 船舶力学,2012,(8):839-846.
[19] Y Levy, D Degani, A Seginer. Graphical Visualization of Vortical Flows by Means of Helicity[J]. AIAA J, 1990,28(8):1 347-1 352.
[20] 蔡建程,潘杰,Guzzomi,等. 离心泵隔舌区压力脉动测量与分析[J]. 农业机械学报,2015,46(6):92-96.
[21] 贾程莉,杨从新,兰小刚. 隔舌倒圆半径对核主泵性能的影响[J]. 排灌机械工程学报,2017,35(7):571-576.
[22] 祝磊,袁寿其,袁建平. 阶梯隔舌对离心泵压力脉动和径向力影响的数值模拟[J]. 农业机械学报,2010,41:21-26.
[23] Wu J Z, Ma H Y, Zhou M D. Vorticity and vortex dynamics [M]. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 2006.
[2] Wenguang Li. Effects of flow rate and viscosity on slip factor of centrifugal pump handling viscous oils[J]. International Journal of Rotating Machinery, 2013,(6):1-12.
[3] 张涵信. 分离流与旋涡运动的结构分析[M]. 北京: 国防工业出版社, 2002.
[4] 童秉纲, 尹协远, 朱克勤. 涡运动理论[M]. 合肥: 中国科技大学出版社,2009.
[5] Jeong J, Hussain F.On the identification of a vortex[J].Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1995,285(69):69-94.
[6] 李震, 张锡文,何枫. 基于速度梯度张量的四元分解对若干涡判据的评价[J]. 物理学报,2014,63(5):1-7.
[7] Inoue M, Kuroumaru M, Tanino T, et al. Comparative studies on short and long length-scale stall cell propagating in an axial compressor rotor[J]. Journal of Turbomachinery, 2000,123(1):24-30.
[8] Niewoehner J, Poehler T, Jeschke P, et al.Investigation of nonaxisymmetric endwall contouring and three-dimensional airfoil design in a 1.5 Stage axial turbine-part II: experimental validation[J].Journal of Turbomachinery, 2015,137(8):1-12.
[9] Jiang M, Machiraju R, Thompson D. Detection and Visualization of Vortices[J]. Visualization Handbook, 2005,(1):295-309.
[10] 张翔. 不锈钢冲压焊接离心泵能量转换特性与设计方法[D]. 江苏镇江:江苏大学,2011.
[11] 曹璞钰,印刚,王洋,等. 离心泵内双龙卷风式分离涡数值分析[J]. 农业机械学报,2016,47(4):22-28.
[12] 王洋,赵立峰,刘志超,等. 多级离心泵水力性能数值预测涡量分析法[J].排灌机械工程学报,2016,34(7):561-566.
[13] 王维军, 王洋, 刘瑞华,等. 离心泵空化流动数值计算[J]. 农业机械学报,2014,45(3):37-44.
[14] Wang Yang, Wang Weijun. Applicability of eddy viscosity turbulence models in low specific speed centrifugal pump[J]. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2012,15(6):1-8.
[15] Wang Weijun, Wang Yang. Analysis on the inner flow field of the low specific speed centrifugal pump based on LES[J]. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, 2013,27(6):1 619-1 626.
[16] 王洋,谢山峰,王维军.开缝叶片低比转数离心泵空化性能的数值模拟[J]. 排灌机械工程学报,2016,34(3):210-215.
[17] 李随波,魏培茹,陈红勋. 缝隙引流叶片对低比转速离心泵性能的影响[J]. 上海大学学报(自然科学版),2012,(4):396-400.
[18] 胡子俊,张楠,姚惠之,等. 涡判据在孔腔涡旋流动拓扑结构分析中的应用[J]. 船舶力学,2012,(8):839-846.
[19] Y Levy, D Degani, A Seginer. Graphical Visualization of Vortical Flows by Means of Helicity[J]. AIAA J, 1990,28(8):1 347-1 352.
[20] 蔡建程,潘杰,Guzzomi,等. 离心泵隔舌区压力脉动测量与分析[J]. 农业机械学报,2015,46(6):92-96.
[21] 贾程莉,杨从新,兰小刚. 隔舌倒圆半径对核主泵性能的影响[J]. 排灌机械工程学报,2017,35(7):571-576.
[22] 祝磊,袁寿其,袁建平. 阶梯隔舌对离心泵压力脉动和径向力影响的数值模拟[J]. 农业机械学报,2010,41:21-26.
[23] Wu J Z, Ma H Y, Zhou M D. Vorticity and vortex dynamics [M]. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 2006.
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