盐穴地下储气库选址与评价新技术
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摘要
为了满足我国南方非油气主产区和天然气主要消费市场寻找有利盐矿建设盐穴地下储气库的需求,解决盐穴储气库库址筛选条件不清、建库条件评价的内容与深度不一致的问题,在分析国内外盐穴地下储气库资料的基础上,提出了地质、地表条件相结合的库址筛选原则,创建了盐穴地下储气库建库条件评价体系;然后利用上述筛选原则和评价体系对长江三角洲、中南地区、东南沿海等3大天然气主要消费市场的部分盐矿进行了筛选排序;进而对其中条件较好的淮安盐矿进行了建库条件评价。研究结果表明:①盐穴储气库库址筛选的原则包括构造、埋深、含盐地层厚度、氯化钠含量、顶板和储量等6项地质原则和地表条件、水源与卤水、与管网距离等3项其他原则,利用上述原则可以对筛选目标进行快速地优选排序;②建库条件评价体系包括对构造、含盐地层特征、密封性与稳固性、可溶性、储气规模以及地表条件等的综合评价。结论认为,所建立的评价新技术可以有效地指导盐穴地下储气库的选址与评价,为盐穴储气库的方案设计提供了依据和有力的技术支持,所提出的厚夹层利用先导性建议现场实施效果好;该项研究成果对于加快我国地下储气库的建设具有积极的意义。
In order to meet the demand of constructing salt-cavern underground gas storages(UGSs) in favorable salt mines for the regions that are neither major oil and gas production zones nor major natural gas consumer markets in South China, and solve the problems of unclear conditions for selecting salt-cavern gas storage sites and of inconsistent content and depth in evaluating gas storage conditions,based on investigation and analysis of salt-cavern UGS data in China and other countries, we proposed the principles of selecting gas storage sites in combination with geology and ground surface conditions, and developed a set of technologies in evaluating construction conditions for salt-cavern gas storages. By applying the selection principles of salt-cavern USGs, we selected and sorted some salt mines in the three major natural gas consumer markets(the Yangtze River Delta, Central–South China, and Southeast Coast of China), and evaluated the conditions of constructing a gas storage in the Huai'an salt mine with better conditions. The following findings were obtained.First, the principles of selecting gas storage sites can be applied to quickly optimize and sort the selected targets, including 6 items of geological factors such as structure, burial depth, salt-bearing layer thickness, NaCl content, top rock, and reserves, and 3 other items such as ground surface conditions, water source and brine, distance from pipeline networks. Second, the evaluation system of UGS construction conditions integrates features of structure and salt-bearing strata, tightness, firmness, dissolubility evaluation, prediction of gas storage scale, and analysis of cavity making condition. In conclusion, the new evaluation technologies can not only effectively guide the site selection and evaluation of salt-cavern USGs but provide foundation and power support for their scheme designs, and the presented pilot proposal for utilizing thick interlayers has achieved a perfect on-site application effect. This study is of great significance for constructing UGSs in China.
In order to meet the demand of constructing salt-cavern underground gas storages(UGSs) in favorable salt mines for the regions that are neither major oil and gas production zones nor major natural gas consumer markets in South China, and solve the problems of unclear conditions for selecting salt-cavern gas storage sites and of inconsistent content and depth in evaluating gas storage conditions,based on investigation and analysis of salt-cavern UGS data in China and other countries, we proposed the principles of selecting gas storage sites in combination with geology and ground surface conditions, and developed a set of technologies in evaluating construction conditions for salt-cavern gas storages. By applying the selection principles of salt-cavern USGs, we selected and sorted some salt mines in the three major natural gas consumer markets(the Yangtze River Delta, Central–South China, and Southeast Coast of China), and evaluated the conditions of constructing a gas storage in the Huai'an salt mine with better conditions. The following findings were obtained.First, the principles of selecting gas storage sites can be applied to quickly optimize and sort the selected targets, including 6 items of geological factors such as structure, burial depth, salt-bearing layer thickness, NaCl content, top rock, and reserves, and 3 other items such as ground surface conditions, water source and brine, distance from pipeline networks. Second, the evaluation system of UGS construction conditions integrates features of structure and salt-bearing strata, tightness, firmness, dissolubility evaluation, prediction of gas storage scale, and analysis of cavity making condition. In conclusion, the new evaluation technologies can not only effectively guide the site selection and evaluation of salt-cavern USGs but provide foundation and power support for their scheme designs, and the presented pilot proposal for utilizing thick interlayers has achieved a perfect on-site application effect. This study is of great significance for constructing UGSs in China.
引文
[1]Goryl L.Triennium work reports June 2018:Report of study group 2.1 UGS database[C]//27th World Gas Conference,Washington DC:International Gas Union,2018.
[2]陆争光.中国地下储气库主要进展、存在问题及对策建议[J].中外能源,2016,21(6):15-19.Lu Zhengguang.Major progress in China's underground gas storage construction,obstacles and countermeasures[J].Sino-Global Energy,2016,21(6):15-19.
[3]班凡生,朱维耀,单文文,高树生.岩盐储气库水溶建腔施工参数优化[J].天然气工业,2005,25(12):108-110.Ban Fansheng,Zhu Weiyao,Shan Wenwen&Gao Shusheng.Optimization of operating parameters for salt dome gas storages formed by water solution[J].Natural Gas Industry,2005,25(12):108-110.
[4]班凡生,高树生.岩盐储气库水溶建腔优化设计研究[J].天然气工业,2007,27(2):114-116.Ban Fansheng&Gao Shusheng.Research on design proposal optimization of salt cavern gas storage building with water solution[J].Natural Gas Industry,2007,27(2):114-116.
[5]宋先知,李根生,王海柱,袁光杰,袁进平.多夹层岩盐自振空化射流造腔技术研究[J].石油机械,2009,37(12):20-23.Song Xianzhi,Li Gensheng,Wang Haizhu,Yuan Guangjie&Yuan Jinping.Research on the technology of multi-interbedded halite cavity construction by self-excited vibration cavitation jet[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2009,37(12):20-23.
[6]袁光杰,申瑞臣,田中兰,袁进平,高彦尊,路立君,等.快速造腔技术的研究及现场应用[J].石油学报,2006,27(4):139-142.Yuan Guangjie,Shen Ruichen,Tian Zhonglan,Yuan Jinping,Gao Yanzun,Lu Lijun,et al.Research and field application of quickspeed solution mining technology[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2006,27(4):139-142.
[7]班凡生,肖立志,袁光杰,杨长来.地下盐穴储气库快速建槽技术及其应用[J].天然气工业,2012,32(9):77-79.Ban Fansheng,Xiao Lizhi,Yuan Guangjie&Yang Changlai.Rapid solution mining technology for underground gas storage in salt caverns and case histories[J].Natural Gas Industry,2012,32(9):77-79.
[8]郭凯,李建君,郑贤斌.盐穴储气库造腔过程夹层处理工艺--以西气东输金坛储气库为例[J].油气储运,2015,34(2):162-166.Guo Kai,Li Jianjun&Zheng Xianbin.Interlayer treatment process in cavity building for salt cavern gas storage--A case study of Jintan Gas Storage of West-to-East Gas Pipeline[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2015,34(2):162-166..
[9]王同涛,闫相祯,杨恒林,杨秀娟.多夹层盐穴储气库群间矿柱稳定性研究[J].煤炭学报.2011,36(5):790-794.Wang Tongtao,Yan Xiangzhen,Yang Henglin&Yang Xiujuan.Stability analysis of pillars between bedded salt cavern gas storages[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(5):790-794.
[10]时文,申瑞臣,徐义,苏海洋,杨长来.盐穴储气库运行压力对腔体稳定性的影响[J].石油钻采工艺,2012,34(4):89-92.Shi Wen,Shen Ruichen,Xu Yi,Su Haiyang&Yang Changlai.Stability analysis of different shaped salt caverns under operation pressure[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2012,34(4):89-92.
[11]刘飞,宋桂华,李国韬,温庆和.含有夹层的薄盐层中盐穴储气库运行压力的确定[J].天然气工业,2004,24(9):133-135.Liu Fei,Song Guihua,Li Guotao&Wen Qinghe.Determination of operating prerrure for gas storage with salt caverns in thin salt beds with inter-beds[J].Natural Gas Industry,2004,24(9):133-135.
[12]杨海军,李建君,王晓刚,何俊,井岗,闫凤林.盐穴储气库注采运行过程中腔体形状检测[J].石油化工应用,2014,33(2):22-25.Yang Haijun,Li Jianjun,Wang Xiaogang,He Jun,Jing Gang&Yan Fenglin.Shape survey of underground salt cavern gas storage during operation[J].Petrochemical Industry Application,2014,33(2):22-25.
[13]郑雅丽,赖欣,邱小松,赵艳杰,完颜祺琪,屈丹安.盐穴地下储气库小井距双井自然溶通造腔工艺[J].天然气工业,2018,38(3):96-102.Zheng Yali,Lai Xin,Qiu Xiaosong,Zhao Yanjie,Wanyan Qiqi&Qu Dan'an.Small-spacing twin well natural solution and communication technology for solution mining of salt cavern underground gas storages[J].Natural Gas Industry,2018,38(3):96-102.
[14]郑雅丽,赵艳杰,丁国生,武志德,陆守权,赖欣,等.厚夹层盐穴储气库扩大储气空间造腔技术[J].石油勘探与开发,2017,44(1):137-143.Zheng Yali,Zhao Yanjie,Ding Guosheng,Wu Zhide,Lu Shouquan,Lai Xin,et al.Solution mining technology of enlarging space for thick-sandwich salt cavern storage[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2017,44(1):137-143.
[15]郑雅丽,完颜祺琪,丁国生,赵艳杰,李清山.盐穴地下储气库大尺寸管柱造腔方式效果分析[J].油气储运,2015,34(2):158-161.Zheng Yali,Wanyan Qiqi,Ding Guosheng,Zhao Yanjie&Li Qingshan.Effect analysis of cavity building with large-size pipe string for underground salt cavern gas storage[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2015,34(2):158-161.
[16]王琴,徐峰,杨海军,张万福.地震勘探技术在金坛地区盐穴建库中的应用[J].西部探矿工程,2009(4):132-134.Wang Qin,Xu Feng,Yang Haijun&Zhang Wanfu.Application of seismic prospecting technology in constructing salt cavern gas storages in Jintan[J].West-China Exploration Engineering,2009(4):132-134.
[17]井文君,杨春和,李银平,杨长来.基于层次分析法的盐穴储气库选址评价方法研究[J].岩土力学,2012,33(9):2683-2690.Jing Wenjun,Yang Chunhe,Li Yinping&Yang Changlai.Research on site selection evaluation method of salt cavern gas storage with analytic hierarchy process[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(9):2683-2690.
[18]吴建春,张定柱.江苏省某盐矿水溶开采工程效应研究[J].西部探矿工程,2013(4):132-137.Wu Jianchun&Zhang Dingzhu.Study on engineering effect of water soluble mining in a salt mine of Jiangsu province[J].West-China Exploration Engineering,2013(4):132-137.
[19]丁国生,谢萍.西气东输盐穴储气库库容及运行模拟预测研究[J].天然气工业,2006,26(10):120-123.Ding Guosheng&Xie Ping.Forecast study on the salt cavern storage capacity and its operation in the Project of West to East Gas Pipeline[J].Natural Gas Industry,2006,26(10):120-123.
[20]Goryl L.2012-2015 triennium work reports:Working committee2:Underground gas storage[C]//WGC PARIS 2015 World Gas Conference,Paris:International Gas Union,2018.
[21]Canadian Standards Association.Storage of hydrocarbons in underground formations:Z341 Series-10[S].Calgary:CSA,2011.
[2]陆争光.中国地下储气库主要进展、存在问题及对策建议[J].中外能源,2016,21(6):15-19.Lu Zhengguang.Major progress in China's underground gas storage construction,obstacles and countermeasures[J].Sino-Global Energy,2016,21(6):15-19.
[3]班凡生,朱维耀,单文文,高树生.岩盐储气库水溶建腔施工参数优化[J].天然气工业,2005,25(12):108-110.Ban Fansheng,Zhu Weiyao,Shan Wenwen&Gao Shusheng.Optimization of operating parameters for salt dome gas storages formed by water solution[J].Natural Gas Industry,2005,25(12):108-110.
[4]班凡生,高树生.岩盐储气库水溶建腔优化设计研究[J].天然气工业,2007,27(2):114-116.Ban Fansheng&Gao Shusheng.Research on design proposal optimization of salt cavern gas storage building with water solution[J].Natural Gas Industry,2007,27(2):114-116.
[5]宋先知,李根生,王海柱,袁光杰,袁进平.多夹层岩盐自振空化射流造腔技术研究[J].石油机械,2009,37(12):20-23.Song Xianzhi,Li Gensheng,Wang Haizhu,Yuan Guangjie&Yuan Jinping.Research on the technology of multi-interbedded halite cavity construction by self-excited vibration cavitation jet[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2009,37(12):20-23.
[6]袁光杰,申瑞臣,田中兰,袁进平,高彦尊,路立君,等.快速造腔技术的研究及现场应用[J].石油学报,2006,27(4):139-142.Yuan Guangjie,Shen Ruichen,Tian Zhonglan,Yuan Jinping,Gao Yanzun,Lu Lijun,et al.Research and field application of quickspeed solution mining technology[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2006,27(4):139-142.
[7]班凡生,肖立志,袁光杰,杨长来.地下盐穴储气库快速建槽技术及其应用[J].天然气工业,2012,32(9):77-79.Ban Fansheng,Xiao Lizhi,Yuan Guangjie&Yang Changlai.Rapid solution mining technology for underground gas storage in salt caverns and case histories[J].Natural Gas Industry,2012,32(9):77-79.
[8]郭凯,李建君,郑贤斌.盐穴储气库造腔过程夹层处理工艺--以西气东输金坛储气库为例[J].油气储运,2015,34(2):162-166.Guo Kai,Li Jianjun&Zheng Xianbin.Interlayer treatment process in cavity building for salt cavern gas storage--A case study of Jintan Gas Storage of West-to-East Gas Pipeline[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2015,34(2):162-166..
[9]王同涛,闫相祯,杨恒林,杨秀娟.多夹层盐穴储气库群间矿柱稳定性研究[J].煤炭学报.2011,36(5):790-794.Wang Tongtao,Yan Xiangzhen,Yang Henglin&Yang Xiujuan.Stability analysis of pillars between bedded salt cavern gas storages[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(5):790-794.
[10]时文,申瑞臣,徐义,苏海洋,杨长来.盐穴储气库运行压力对腔体稳定性的影响[J].石油钻采工艺,2012,34(4):89-92.Shi Wen,Shen Ruichen,Xu Yi,Su Haiyang&Yang Changlai.Stability analysis of different shaped salt caverns under operation pressure[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2012,34(4):89-92.
[11]刘飞,宋桂华,李国韬,温庆和.含有夹层的薄盐层中盐穴储气库运行压力的确定[J].天然气工业,2004,24(9):133-135.Liu Fei,Song Guihua,Li Guotao&Wen Qinghe.Determination of operating prerrure for gas storage with salt caverns in thin salt beds with inter-beds[J].Natural Gas Industry,2004,24(9):133-135.
[12]杨海军,李建君,王晓刚,何俊,井岗,闫凤林.盐穴储气库注采运行过程中腔体形状检测[J].石油化工应用,2014,33(2):22-25.Yang Haijun,Li Jianjun,Wang Xiaogang,He Jun,Jing Gang&Yan Fenglin.Shape survey of underground salt cavern gas storage during operation[J].Petrochemical Industry Application,2014,33(2):22-25.
[13]郑雅丽,赖欣,邱小松,赵艳杰,完颜祺琪,屈丹安.盐穴地下储气库小井距双井自然溶通造腔工艺[J].天然气工业,2018,38(3):96-102.Zheng Yali,Lai Xin,Qiu Xiaosong,Zhao Yanjie,Wanyan Qiqi&Qu Dan'an.Small-spacing twin well natural solution and communication technology for solution mining of salt cavern underground gas storages[J].Natural Gas Industry,2018,38(3):96-102.
[14]郑雅丽,赵艳杰,丁国生,武志德,陆守权,赖欣,等.厚夹层盐穴储气库扩大储气空间造腔技术[J].石油勘探与开发,2017,44(1):137-143.Zheng Yali,Zhao Yanjie,Ding Guosheng,Wu Zhide,Lu Shouquan,Lai Xin,et al.Solution mining technology of enlarging space for thick-sandwich salt cavern storage[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2017,44(1):137-143.
[15]郑雅丽,完颜祺琪,丁国生,赵艳杰,李清山.盐穴地下储气库大尺寸管柱造腔方式效果分析[J].油气储运,2015,34(2):158-161.Zheng Yali,Wanyan Qiqi,Ding Guosheng,Zhao Yanjie&Li Qingshan.Effect analysis of cavity building with large-size pipe string for underground salt cavern gas storage[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2015,34(2):158-161.
[16]王琴,徐峰,杨海军,张万福.地震勘探技术在金坛地区盐穴建库中的应用[J].西部探矿工程,2009(4):132-134.Wang Qin,Xu Feng,Yang Haijun&Zhang Wanfu.Application of seismic prospecting technology in constructing salt cavern gas storages in Jintan[J].West-China Exploration Engineering,2009(4):132-134.
[17]井文君,杨春和,李银平,杨长来.基于层次分析法的盐穴储气库选址评价方法研究[J].岩土力学,2012,33(9):2683-2690.Jing Wenjun,Yang Chunhe,Li Yinping&Yang Changlai.Research on site selection evaluation method of salt cavern gas storage with analytic hierarchy process[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(9):2683-2690.
[18]吴建春,张定柱.江苏省某盐矿水溶开采工程效应研究[J].西部探矿工程,2013(4):132-137.Wu Jianchun&Zhang Dingzhu.Study on engineering effect of water soluble mining in a salt mine of Jiangsu province[J].West-China Exploration Engineering,2013(4):132-137.
[19]丁国生,谢萍.西气东输盐穴储气库库容及运行模拟预测研究[J].天然气工业,2006,26(10):120-123.Ding Guosheng&Xie Ping.Forecast study on the salt cavern storage capacity and its operation in the Project of West to East Gas Pipeline[J].Natural Gas Industry,2006,26(10):120-123.
[20]Goryl L.2012-2015 triennium work reports:Working committee2:Underground gas storage[C]//WGC PARIS 2015 World Gas Conference,Paris:International Gas Union,2018.
[21]Canadian Standards Association.Storage of hydrocarbons in underground formations:Z341 Series-10[S].Calgary:CSA,2011.