广西猫儿山水青冈林土壤剖面有机碳垂直分布特征及影响因素
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摘要
通过分层采集水青冈林0～100 cm土壤剖面样品,测定不同土层有机碳含量,分析其垂直分布特征,并通过相关分析探讨土壤容重、总孔隙度、机械组成等物理性质及土壤pH值、速效养分等化学性质对土壤有机碳的影响。结果表明:水青冈林地不同土层土壤有机碳含量和有机碳密度变化范围分别为28.66～76.75 g/kg和5.52～10.77 kg/m2,且均表现出随土层深度的增加大致呈逐渐降低的变化趋势,其中0～20 cm土层有机碳总含量和有机碳密度最大,分别占据整个土壤剖面的33.82%和27.94%,具有明显的表聚性;水青冈林地土壤容重和总孔隙度的变化范围分别为0.71～1.05 g/cm3和54.58%～73.16%,0～20 cm土层其值与其他土层差异显著;水青冈林地各级粒径土壤颗粒含量从大到小的排列顺序为砂粒(53.51%)>粉粒(29.93%)>粘粒(16.56%),土壤质地为砂质壤土;水青冈林地不同土层土壤p H值的平均值为4.16,且土层之间变幅很小;速效氮、速效磷和速效钾养分平均含量分别为309.48 mg/kg、1.61 mg/kg和40.81 mg/kg,其随土层深度的变化趋势与土壤有机碳含量和有机碳密度相似;相关分析结果表明,土壤有机碳含量和有机碳密度均与p H值、粘粒(<0.002 mm)呈显著负相关,与土壤总孔隙度、速效氮、速效磷和速效钾呈显著正相关;pH值、粘粒含量、总孔隙度、速效氮、速效磷、速效钾与有机碳关系密切,可以用于预测土壤有机碳的变化。
Soil samples of 0-100 cm profile depth were sampled in Fagus longipetiolata forest. Soil organic carbon content was measured, and its vertical distribution was studied. Correlation analysis was conducted to studyrelationship between soil organic carbon and soil physical properties such as soil bulk density, total porosity percentage, mechanical composition, soil chemical properties such as p H, soil available nutrition content. The results showed that: soil organic carbon contentand density of every layerin Fagus longipetiolata forest ranged from 28.66 g/kg to 76.75 g/kg and 5.52 kg/m2 to 10.77 kg/m2, respectively, and they showed decreasingwith the increase of soil depth. The percentage of soil organic carbon content and density of 0-20 cm layer to the wholesoil profiles were the largest(33.82%, 27.94%), were characterized by surface gathering. Soil bulk density and total porosity percentage of every layerin Fagus longipetiolata forest ranged from 0.71 g/cm3 to 1.05 g/cm3 and 54.58% to 73.16%, respectively, and both of themin 0-20 cm layer were significantly different from other soil layers.Soil particle-size composition in Fagus longipetiolata forestwere asfollows: Sand(53.51%) > Silt(29.93%) >Clay(16.56%), and the soil texture belongs to sandy loam soil in this region. pH value in Fagus longipetiolata forest was 4.16 averagely, and they didn't change significantly among soil layers. The mean available N, P and K were 309.48 mg/kg, 1.61 mg/kg and 40.81 mg/kg, respectively, these indexes also showed the same trend with soil organic carbon content and density. According to correlation analysis, soil organic carbon content and density were negatively correlated with soil pH and Clay( < 0.002 mm), but positively correlated with total porosity percentage, available N, P and K. pH, Clay, total porosity percentage, available N, P and K were closely related with soil organic carbon, and could be used to predict the change of soil organic carbon.
Soil samples of 0-100 cm profile depth were sampled in Fagus longipetiolata forest. Soil organic carbon content was measured, and its vertical distribution was studied. Correlation analysis was conducted to studyrelationship between soil organic carbon and soil physical properties such as soil bulk density, total porosity percentage, mechanical composition, soil chemical properties such as p H, soil available nutrition content. The results showed that: soil organic carbon contentand density of every layerin Fagus longipetiolata forest ranged from 28.66 g/kg to 76.75 g/kg and 5.52 kg/m2 to 10.77 kg/m2, respectively, and they showed decreasingwith the increase of soil depth. The percentage of soil organic carbon content and density of 0-20 cm layer to the wholesoil profiles were the largest(33.82%, 27.94%), were characterized by surface gathering. Soil bulk density and total porosity percentage of every layerin Fagus longipetiolata forest ranged from 0.71 g/cm3 to 1.05 g/cm3 and 54.58% to 73.16%, respectively, and both of themin 0-20 cm layer were significantly different from other soil layers.Soil particle-size composition in Fagus longipetiolata forestwere asfollows: Sand(53.51%) > Silt(29.93%) >Clay(16.56%), and the soil texture belongs to sandy loam soil in this region. pH value in Fagus longipetiolata forest was 4.16 averagely, and they didn't change significantly among soil layers. The mean available N, P and K were 309.48 mg/kg, 1.61 mg/kg and 40.81 mg/kg, respectively, these indexes also showed the same trend with soil organic carbon content and density. According to correlation analysis, soil organic carbon content and density were negatively correlated with soil pH and Clay( < 0.002 mm), but positively correlated with total porosity percentage, available N, P and K. pH, Clay, total porosity percentage, available N, P and K were closely related with soil organic carbon, and could be used to predict the change of soil organic carbon.
引文
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[5]王鑫,杨德刚,熊黑钢,等.新疆不同植被类型土壤有机碳特征[J].干旱区研究,2017,34(4):782-788.
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[7]渠开跃,冯慧敏,代力民,等.辽东山区不同林型土壤有机碳剖面分布特征及碳储量研究[J].土壤通报,2009,40(6):1316-1320.
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[10]蒋芳,吴小红,项文化.南酸枣落叶阔叶林土壤有机碳空间变异及影响因素[J].广西林业科学,2016,45(2):143-148.
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[12]苗娟,周传艳,李世杰,等.不同林龄云南松林土壤有机碳和全氮积累特征[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(3):625-631.
[13]韩营营,黄唯,孙涛,等.不同林龄白桦天然次生林土壤碳通量和有机碳储量[J].生态学报,2015,35(5):1460-1469.
[14]田大伦,罗赵慧,朱凡.桃江县不同年龄毛竹林土壤有机碳和全氮积累特征[J].广西林业科学,2014,43(2):137-141.
[15]曹小玉,李际平.不同龄组杉木人工林土壤有机碳贮量及分布特征[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2014,34(7):104-107.
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[17]韩春兰,邵帅,王秋兵,等.兴安落叶松林火干扰后土壤有机碳含量变化[J].生态学报,2015,35(9):3023-3033.
[18]赵睿宇,李正才,王斌,等.毛竹林地表稻草覆盖后翻耕对土壤有机碳的影响[J].生态学杂志,2017,36(8):2118-2126.
[19]金永昌,刘美英,刘金善,等.复垦模式对采煤沉陷区土壤团聚体有机碳分布特征的影响[J].干旱区资源与环境,2017,31(11):105-109.
[20]黄承标,张建华,罗远周,等.广西猫儿山国家级自然保护区森林涵养水源功能及其经济价值估算[J].植物资源与环境学报,2010,19(1):69-74.
[21]李海防,刘兴伟,王金叶,等.广西猫儿山毛竹林水源涵养功能研究[J].贵州林业科技,2011,39(2):22-25.
[22]国家林业局.LY/T1237-1999森林土壤有机质的测定及碳氮比的计算[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1999.
[23]国家林业局.LY/T1215-1999森林土壤水分-物理性质的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1999.
[24]国家林业局.LY/T1225-1999森林土壤颗粒组成(机械组成)的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1999.
[25]国家林业局.LY/T1239-1999森林土壤p H值的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1999.
[26]国家林业局.LY/T1228-2015森林土壤氮的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015.
[27]国家林业局.LY/T1232-2015森林土壤磷的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015.
[28]国家林业局.LY/T1234-2015森林土壤钾的测定[S].北京:中国林业出版社,2015.
[29]杨晓梅,程积民,孟蕾,等.不同林地土壤有机碳储量及垂直分布特征[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(9):132-135.
[30]国家林业局.LY/T1952-2011森林生态系统长期定位观测方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2011.
[31]赵东,高喜荣.小浪底库区群落演替过程中土壤机械组成及碳库变化研究[J].河南林业科技,2008,28(1):4-6.
[32]傅华,陈亚明,王彦荣,等.阿拉善主要草地类型土壤有机碳特征及其影响因素[J].生态学报,2004,24(3):470-476.
[33]罗歆,代数,何丙辉,等.缙云山不同植被类型林下土壤养分含量及物理性质研究[J].水土保持学报,2011,25(1):64-69, 91.
[34]曹国栋,陈接华,夏军,等.玛纳斯河流域扇缘带不同植被类型下土壤物理性质[J].生态学报,2013,33(1):195-204.
[35]王连晓,史正涛,刘新有,等.西双版纳不同植被类型土壤物理性质差异分析[J].资源开发与市场,2016,32(8):960-964.
[36]张鹏,张涛,陈年来.祁连山北麓山体垂直带土壤碳氮分布特征及影响因素[J].应用生态学报,2009,20(3):518-524.
[37]祖元刚,李冉,王文杰,等.我国东北土壤有机碳、无机碳含量与土壤理化性质的相关性[J].生态学报,2011,31(18):5207-5216.
[38]李丹,刘铁男,王文帆,等.丰林自然保护区土壤有机碳含量与土壤理化性质相关性分析[J].林业科技,2012,37(5):25-26.
[39]邓艳林,陈芳芳,张景,等.莽山不同次生林土壤有机碳分布与土壤物理性质的相关性[J].南方农业学报,2017,48(4):616-622.
[2]隋跃宇,王振波,焦晓光,等.双城市农田黑土机械组成与土壤全碳和全氮磷钾养分含量的相关性分析[J].农业系统科学与综合研究,2007,23(1):42-44.
[3]史锟,陈卓.宜居山地土壤机械组成对有机碳含量的影响[J].中国农学通报,2008,24(8):274-278.
[4]辛文杰,苏印泉,朱铭强,等.千阳县不同林分土壤有机碳的分布特征[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2014,34(5):66-69,78.
[5]王鑫,杨德刚,熊黑钢,等.新疆不同植被类型土壤有机碳特征[J].干旱区研究,2017,34(4):782-788.
[6]熊丹,吴立潮,何介南.莽山3种主要林分类型土壤有机碳分布规律[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(12):120-126.
[7]渠开跃,冯慧敏,代力民,等.辽东山区不同林型土壤有机碳剖面分布特征及碳储量研究[J].土壤通报,2009,40(6):1316-1320.
[8]王棣,耿增超,佘雕,等.秦岭典型林分土壤有机碳储量及碳氮垂直分布[J].生态学报,2015,35(16):5421-5429.
[9]许文强,陈曦,罗格平,等.干旱区三工河流域土壤有机碳储量及空间分布特征[J].自然资源学报,2009,24(10):1740-1747.
[10]蒋芳,吴小红,项文化.南酸枣落叶阔叶林土壤有机碳空间变异及影响因素[J].广西林业科学,2016,45(2):143-148.
[11]王秀丽,张凤荣,朱泰峰,等.北京山区土壤有机碳分布及其影响因素研究[J].资源科学,2013,35(6):1152-1158.
[12]苗娟,周传艳,李世杰,等.不同林龄云南松林土壤有机碳和全氮积累特征[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(3):625-631.
[13]韩营营,黄唯,孙涛,等.不同林龄白桦天然次生林土壤碳通量和有机碳储量[J].生态学报,2015,35(5):1460-1469.
[14]田大伦,罗赵慧,朱凡.桃江县不同年龄毛竹林土壤有机碳和全氮积累特征[J].广西林业科学,2014,43(2):137-141.
[15]曹小玉,李际平.不同龄组杉木人工林土壤有机碳贮量及分布特征[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2014,34(7):104-107.
[16]任丽娜,王海燕,丁国栋,等.林分密度对华北土石山区油松人工林土壤有机碳及养分特征的影响[J].干旱地理, 2012,35(3):456-464.
[17]韩春兰,邵帅,王秋兵,等.兴安落叶松林火干扰后土壤有机碳含量变化[J].生态学报,2015,35(9):3023-3033.
[18]赵睿宇,李正才,王斌,等.毛竹林地表稻草覆盖后翻耕对土壤有机碳的影响[J].生态学杂志,2017,36(8):2118-2126.
[19]金永昌,刘美英,刘金善,等.复垦模式对采煤沉陷区土壤团聚体有机碳分布特征的影响[J].干旱区资源与环境,2017,31(11):105-109.
[20]黄承标,张建华,罗远周,等.广西猫儿山国家级自然保护区森林涵养水源功能及其经济价值估算[J].植物资源与环境学报,2010,19(1):69-74.
[21]李海防,刘兴伟,王金叶,等.广西猫儿山毛竹林水源涵养功能研究[J].贵州林业科技,2011,39(2):22-25.
[22]国家林业局.LY/T1237-1999森林土壤有机质的测定及碳氮比的计算[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1999.
[23]国家林业局.LY/T1215-1999森林土壤水分-物理性质的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1999.
[24]国家林业局.LY/T1225-1999森林土壤颗粒组成(机械组成)的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1999.
[25]国家林业局.LY/T1239-1999森林土壤p H值的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1999.
[26]国家林业局.LY/T1228-2015森林土壤氮的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015.
[27]国家林业局.LY/T1232-2015森林土壤磷的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015.
[28]国家林业局.LY/T1234-2015森林土壤钾的测定[S].北京:中国林业出版社,2015.
[29]杨晓梅,程积民,孟蕾,等.不同林地土壤有机碳储量及垂直分布特征[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(9):132-135.
[30]国家林业局.LY/T1952-2011森林生态系统长期定位观测方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2011.
[31]赵东,高喜荣.小浪底库区群落演替过程中土壤机械组成及碳库变化研究[J].河南林业科技,2008,28(1):4-6.
[32]傅华,陈亚明,王彦荣,等.阿拉善主要草地类型土壤有机碳特征及其影响因素[J].生态学报,2004,24(3):470-476.
[33]罗歆,代数,何丙辉,等.缙云山不同植被类型林下土壤养分含量及物理性质研究[J].水土保持学报,2011,25(1):64-69, 91.
[34]曹国栋,陈接华,夏军,等.玛纳斯河流域扇缘带不同植被类型下土壤物理性质[J].生态学报,2013,33(1):195-204.
[35]王连晓,史正涛,刘新有,等.西双版纳不同植被类型土壤物理性质差异分析[J].资源开发与市场,2016,32(8):960-964.
[36]张鹏,张涛,陈年来.祁连山北麓山体垂直带土壤碳氮分布特征及影响因素[J].应用生态学报,2009,20(3):518-524.
[37]祖元刚,李冉,王文杰,等.我国东北土壤有机碳、无机碳含量与土壤理化性质的相关性[J].生态学报,2011,31(18):5207-5216.
[38]李丹,刘铁男,王文帆,等.丰林自然保护区土壤有机碳含量与土壤理化性质相关性分析[J].林业科技,2012,37(5):25-26.
[39]邓艳林,陈芳芳,张景,等.莽山不同次生林土壤有机碳分布与土壤物理性质的相关性[J].南方农业学报,2017,48(4):616-622.
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