基于改进层次分析法的水环境生态安全评价与对策——以邢台市为例
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摘要
通过对传统层次分析法的改进,采用构建三标度(0, 1, 2)矩阵的方法,构建3个层次、24个指标的水环境生态安全评价体系,对邢台市水环境生态安全影响因素进行分析和判别,对水环境生态安全状况进行评价。结果显示,在24个评价指标中,污水处理率、年降水量、废水排放总量、工业废水排放量和城镇居民生活污水排放量列权重在前5位;2006—2015年邢台市水环境生态安全综合评价指数在0.36～0.63之间,水环境生态安全处于一般状态和较差状态,安全形势严峻。对邢台市水环境生态安全问题提出相应的对策和建议,为水资源可持续利用提供理论依据,同时为具有类似自然条件的地区的生态安全评价提供借鉴。
Based on the improved analytic hierarchy process, the authors adopted a 3-scale(0, 1, 2) matrix method to establish regional water ecological security assessment system including 3 layers and 24 indicators according to the real conditions of water environment in Xingtai City. The ecological security assessment system could analyze the influence factors of water environmental security status and evaluate the security situation in Xingtai City. The results showed that the five top influence factors were sewage treatment rate, annual precipitation, wastewater total amount, industrial waste water discharged and urban residential domestic sewage in the 24 indicators. The composite evaluating indexes of the water environment ecological security were within the bandwidth of 0.36 to 0.63, which indicated that the water environment ecological security was still in severe with general or poor state. Some coping strategies and suggestions were put forward to water environmental safety in Xingtai City. The research would provide a theoretical basis for water resource sustainable utilization and a reference for the similar natural condition areas.
Based on the improved analytic hierarchy process, the authors adopted a 3-scale(0, 1, 2) matrix method to establish regional water ecological security assessment system including 3 layers and 24 indicators according to the real conditions of water environment in Xingtai City. The ecological security assessment system could analyze the influence factors of water environmental security status and evaluate the security situation in Xingtai City. The results showed that the five top influence factors were sewage treatment rate, annual precipitation, wastewater total amount, industrial waste water discharged and urban residential domestic sewage in the 24 indicators. The composite evaluating indexes of the water environment ecological security were within the bandwidth of 0.36 to 0.63, which indicated that the water environment ecological security was still in severe with general or poor state. Some coping strategies and suggestions were put forward to water environmental safety in Xingtai City. The research would provide a theoretical basis for water resource sustainable utilization and a reference for the similar natural condition areas.
引文
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[31]左伟,王桥,王文杰,等.区域生态安全评价指标与标准研究.地理学与国土研究,2002,18(1):67-71
[32]李玉平,蔡运龙.河北省土地生态安全评价.北京大学学报(自然科学版),2007,43(6):784-789
[33]张满满,于鲁冀,张慧,等.基于PSR模型的河南省水生态安全综合评价研究.生态科学,2017,36(5):49-54
[34]李宗才,李雨.邢台市水资源现状分析及解决途径探索.地下水,2014,36(1):137-138
[35]傅金成.邢台市水环境现状及保护对策探讨.水科学与工程技术,2014(4):86-88
[36]左帅,万军伟,黄琨,等.基于多目标规划的邢台市水资源优化配置.安全与环境工程,2015(5):1-6
[37]钱晓惠.河南省水资源安全实证分析.中原工学院学报,2014,25(3):67-70
[2]杨振华,周秋文,郭跃,等.基于SPA-MC模型的岩溶地区水资源安全动态评价--以贵阳市为例.中国环境科学,2017,37(4):1589-1600
[3]Alberti M,Marzluff J M.Ecological resilience in urban ecosystems:linking urban patterns to human and ecological functions.Urban Ecosystems,2004,7(3):241-265
[4]World Bank.Towards a water-secure Kenya:water resources sector memorandum[R].Washington D C:World Bank,2004
[5]Pauleit S,Ennos R,Golding Y.Modeling the environmental impacts of urban land use and land cover change-a study in Merseyside,UK.Landscape&Urban Planning,2005,71(2):295-310
[6]Grey D,Sadoff C W.Sink or swim?Water security for growth and development.Water Policy,2007,9:545-571
[7]杨京平,卢剑波.生态安全的系统分析.北京:化学工业出版社,2002
[8]张小斌,李新.我国水环境安全研究进展.安全与环境工程,2013,20(1):122-125
[9]Afzal J,Nobel D H.Optimization model for alternative use of different quality irrigation water.Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering,1992,118(2):218-228
[10]Simonovic S P.Assessment of water resources through system dynamics simulation:from global issues to regional solutions//Proceedings of the 36th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences.Hawaii,2003:1-9
[11]Swatuk L A,Rahm D.Integrating policy,disintegrating practice:water resources management in Botswana.Physics&Chemistry of the Earth,Parts A/B/C,2004,29(15):1357-1364
[12]Shirley B,Klaudia S.How community action,science and common sense can work together to develop an alternative way to combat desertification.Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,2004,99:161-168
[13]Narain V,Khan M S A,Sada R,et al.Urbanization,peri-urban water(in)security and human well-being:a perspective from four South Asian cities.Water International,2013,38(7):930-940
[14]张丽,王腊春.南京市水环境生态安全评价.中国农村水利水电,2014,(10):1-4
[15]傅春,占少贵,章无恨.南昌市水环境安全评价.南水北调与水利科技,2015,13(3):434-438
[16]唐承佳.枣庄市水环境生态安全评价.水土保持研究,2007,14(6):295-297
[17]孙才志,迟克续.大连市水资源安全评价模型的构建及其应用.安全与环境学报,2008,8(1):115-118
[18]梁兴军,郑昭佩,周慧,等.基于层次分析法的陕西省水资源安全评价.鲁东大学学报(自然科学版),2014,30(2):162-166
[19]陈磊,吴悦菡,王培,等.基于风险的济南市水生态安全评价.水资源保护,2016,32(1):29-35
[20]王建春,王琳,徐祥功,等.济南市城市化与水环境安全耦合协调分析.城市环境与城市生态,2015,28(4):1-6
[21]张凤翔.基于改进AHP方法的沂沭泗地区水环境安全评价.水利规划与设计,2013(2):27-29
[22]李玉平,张璐璇,朱琛,等.资源型城市大气污染物浓度的EKC特征分析--以邢台市为例.生态经济,2017(6):167-171
[23]邢台市统计局,国家统计局邢台调查队.邢台统计年鉴.北京:中国统计出版社,2007-2016
[24]邢台市环境保护局.邢台市环境公报.邢台市环境保护局,2006-2015
[25]中华人民共和国国家统计局.中国统计年鉴.北京:中国统计出版社,2007-2016
[26]河北年鉴编委会.河北年鉴.石家庄:河北年鉴社出版,2007-2016
[27]河北省人民政府.河北经济年鉴.北京:中国统计出版社,2007-2016
[28]Saaty T L.The analytic hierarchy process:planning,priority setting,resource allocation.New York:McGraw-Hill,1980
[29]杨开,王洪禧,刘俊良,等.水环境安全评价体系的指标赋权研究.环境科学与技术,2008,31(8):129-131
[30]毕银霞.陕西省水资源管理问题探讨.水资源与水工程学报,2008,22(4):112-115
[31]左伟,王桥,王文杰,等.区域生态安全评价指标与标准研究.地理学与国土研究,2002,18(1):67-71
[32]李玉平,蔡运龙.河北省土地生态安全评价.北京大学学报(自然科学版),2007,43(6):784-789
[33]张满满,于鲁冀,张慧,等.基于PSR模型的河南省水生态安全综合评价研究.生态科学,2017,36(5):49-54
[34]李宗才,李雨.邢台市水资源现状分析及解决途径探索.地下水,2014,36(1):137-138
[35]傅金成.邢台市水环境现状及保护对策探讨.水科学与工程技术,2014(4):86-88
[36]左帅,万军伟,黄琨,等.基于多目标规划的邢台市水资源优化配置.安全与环境工程,2015(5):1-6
[37]钱晓惠.河南省水资源安全实证分析.中原工学院学报,2014,25(3):67-70
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