软土地区侧压损失对盾构隧道受力及变形的影响
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摘要
针对软土地区地铁沿线工程活动导致盾构隧道收敛变形增大的问题,采用1∶10相似模型试验和精细化3D有限元模拟相结合的方法,研究了侧向压力损失对盾构隧道结构处于弹性阶段与塑性阶段的受力及变形的影响规律。研究结果表明:当侧向压力损失较小时,侧向压力损失与盾构隧道径向变形之间呈线性关系,盾构隧道结构处于弹性阶段;当侧向压力损失增大时,侧向压力损失与盾构隧道径向变形之间呈指数型关系,盾构隧道结构进入塑性阶段;增大管片厚度能有效提升管片的抗变形能力,但抗变形能力会随厚度增大而趋于平缓;从混凝土结构偏心受力的角度分析,盾隧道管片厚度增大会导致结构从小偏心受压向大偏心受压转变,但从结构应力/应变的角度分析,管片的最大应变值减小,从而使盾构隧道结构处于更安全的受力状态。
To study the problem that construction activities adjacent to metro tunnels in soft soil area could lead to increasement of segment deformation, a combination approach of model test and finite element simulation is adopted to study the force and deformation of shield tunnel structure at both elastic stage and plastic stage induced by lateral pressure loss. The results showed that: when the lateral pressure loss of shield tunnel is small, the segment deformation increases linearly, shield tunnel structure is still at elastic stage; when the lateral pressure loss becomes large, the segment deformation increases exponentially, and the shield tunnel structure changes into the range of plasticity. Increasing the thickness of segment can effectively improve the anti-deformation capacity of shield tunnel, but the improvement will become less effective with the increasement of segment thickness.From the perspective of structural eccentric loading state, increasing the thickness of segment will change the stress state from small eccentric compressive state into large eccentric compressive state. However, from the perspective of structural stress and strain, the maximum strain of segment will decrease, which makes the shield tunnel structure a more secure state of stress.
To study the problem that construction activities adjacent to metro tunnels in soft soil area could lead to increasement of segment deformation, a combination approach of model test and finite element simulation is adopted to study the force and deformation of shield tunnel structure at both elastic stage and plastic stage induced by lateral pressure loss. The results showed that: when the lateral pressure loss of shield tunnel is small, the segment deformation increases linearly, shield tunnel structure is still at elastic stage; when the lateral pressure loss becomes large, the segment deformation increases exponentially, and the shield tunnel structure changes into the range of plasticity. Increasing the thickness of segment can effectively improve the anti-deformation capacity of shield tunnel, but the improvement will become less effective with the increasement of segment thickness.From the perspective of structural eccentric loading state, increasing the thickness of segment will change the stress state from small eccentric compressive state into large eccentric compressive state. However, from the perspective of structural stress and strain, the maximum strain of segment will decrease, which makes the shield tunnel structure a more secure state of stress.
引文
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[12]叶飞,杨鹏博,毛家骅,等.基于模型试验的盾构隧道纵向刚度分析[J].岩土工程学报,2015,37(1):83―90.Ye Fei,Yang Pengbo,Mao Jiahua,et al.Longitudinal rigidity of shield tunnels based on model tests[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2015,37(1):83―90.(in Chinese)
[13]王士民,申兴柱,何祥凡,等.不同拼装方式下盾构隧道管片衬砌受力与破坏模式模型试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2017,50(6):114―124.Wang Shimin,Shen Xingzhu,He Xiangfan,et al.Amodel test for the mechanical property and failure mode of lining segments with different assembly types of shield tunnel[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2017,50(6):114―124.(in Chinese)
[14]黄大维,周顺华,王秀志,等.模型盾构隧道管片纵缝接头设计方法[J].岩土工程学报,2015,37(6):1068―1076.Huang Dawei,Zhou Shunhua,Wang Xiuzhi,et al.Design method for longitudinal segment joints of shield tunnel model[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015,37(6):1068―1076.(in Chinese)
[15]徐国文,王士民,汪冬兵.基于接头抗弯刚度非线性的壳-弹簧-接触-地层模型的建立[J].工程力学,2016,33(12):158―166.Xu Guowen,Wang Shimin,Wang Dongbing.Shell-spring-contact-ground model based on segment joint stiffness nonlinearity[J].Engineering Mechanics,2016,33(12):158―166.(in Chinese)
[16]CJJ/T 202―2013,城市轨道交通结构安全保护技术规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业版社,2014.CJJ/T 202―2013,Technical code for protection structures of urban rail transit[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2014.(in Chinese)
[17]黄钟晖,廖少明,刘国彬.上海软土盾构法隧道管片厚度的优化[J].岩土力学,2000,21(4):326―330.Huang Zhonghui,Liao Shaoming,Liu Guobin.The optimization of the segment thickness of shield tunnel in Shanghai soft soils[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2000,21(4):326―330.(in Chinese)
[2]陈仁朋,王诚杰,鲁立,等.开挖对地铁盾构隧道影响及控制措施[J].工程力学,2017,34(12):1―13.Chen Renpeng,Wang Chengjie,Lu Li,et al.Influence of excavation on exist metro shield tunnel and control measures[J].Engineering Mechanics,2017,34(12):1―13.(in Chinese)
[3]温科伟,刘树亚,杨红坡.基于小应变硬化土模型的基坑开挖对下穿地铁隧道影响的三维数值模拟分析[J].工程力学,2018,35(增刊1):80―87.Wen Kewei,Liu Shuya,Yang Hongpo.Threedimensional numerical simulation analysis of the influence of pit excavation based on hardening soil-small strain model on metro tunnel[J].Engineering Mechanics,2018,35(Suppl 1):80―87.(in Chinese)
[4]葛世平,谢东武,丁文其.大面积加卸载对软土地铁隧道的影响[J].土木工程学报,2011,44(增刊2):127―130.Ge Shiping,Xie Dongwu,Ding Wenqi.Effects of loading and unloading large-scale area loadacting on soft soil metro line[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2011,44(Suppl 2):127―130.(in Chinese)
[5]刘建航,侯学渊.盾构法隧道[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1991:104.Liu Jianhang,Hou Xueyuan.Shield tunnel[M].Beijing:China Railway Publish House,1991:104.(in Chinese)
[6]柳献,张浩立,鲁亮,等.卸载工况下盾构隧道结构承载能力的试验研究[J].城市轨道交通研究,2015,18(5):38―43.Liu Xian,Zhang Haoli,Lu Liang,et al.Experiment of the bearing capacity of shield tunnel in unloading conditions[J].Underground Engineering and Tunnels,2015,18(5):38―43.(in Chinese)
[7]刘四进,封坤,何川,等.大断面盾构隧道管片接头抗弯力学模型研究[J].工程力学,2015,32(12):215―224.Liu Sijin,Feng Kun,He Chuan,et al.Study on the bending mechanical model of segmental joint in shield tunnel with large cross-section[J].Engineering Mechanics,2015,32(12):215―224.(in Chinese)
[8]封坤,何川,邹育麟.大断面越江盾构隧道管片拼装方式对结构内力的影响效应研究[J].工程力学,2012,29(6):114―124.Feng Kun,He Chuan,Zou Yulin.Study on the effect of assembling method on the innerforce of segmental lining for cross-river shield tunnel with large cross-section[J].Engineering Mechanics,2012,29(6):114―124.(in Chinese)
[9]Blom C B M,van der Horst E J,Jovanovic P S.Three-dimensional structural analyses of the shield-driven“Green Heart”tunnel of the high-speed line South[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,1999,14(2):217―224.
[10]Liu X,Liu Z,Ye Y,et al.Mechanical behavior of quasi-rectangular segmental tunnel linings:Further insights from full-scale ring tests[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2018,79:304―318.
[11]鞠杨,徐广泉,毛灵涛,等.盾构隧道衬砌结构应力与变形的三维数值模拟与模型试验研究[J].工程力学,2005,22(3):157―165.Ju Yang,Xu Guangquan,Mao Lingtao,et al.3Dnumerical simulation of stress and strain properties of concrete shield tunnel lining and modeling experiments[J].Engineering Mechanics,2005,22(3):157―165.(in Chinese)
[12]叶飞,杨鹏博,毛家骅,等.基于模型试验的盾构隧道纵向刚度分析[J].岩土工程学报,2015,37(1):83―90.Ye Fei,Yang Pengbo,Mao Jiahua,et al.Longitudinal rigidity of shield tunnels based on model tests[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2015,37(1):83―90.(in Chinese)
[13]王士民,申兴柱,何祥凡,等.不同拼装方式下盾构隧道管片衬砌受力与破坏模式模型试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2017,50(6):114―124.Wang Shimin,Shen Xingzhu,He Xiangfan,et al.Amodel test for the mechanical property and failure mode of lining segments with different assembly types of shield tunnel[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2017,50(6):114―124.(in Chinese)
[14]黄大维,周顺华,王秀志,等.模型盾构隧道管片纵缝接头设计方法[J].岩土工程学报,2015,37(6):1068―1076.Huang Dawei,Zhou Shunhua,Wang Xiuzhi,et al.Design method for longitudinal segment joints of shield tunnel model[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015,37(6):1068―1076.(in Chinese)
[15]徐国文,王士民,汪冬兵.基于接头抗弯刚度非线性的壳-弹簧-接触-地层模型的建立[J].工程力学,2016,33(12):158―166.Xu Guowen,Wang Shimin,Wang Dongbing.Shell-spring-contact-ground model based on segment joint stiffness nonlinearity[J].Engineering Mechanics,2016,33(12):158―166.(in Chinese)
[16]CJJ/T 202―2013,城市轨道交通结构安全保护技术规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业版社,2014.CJJ/T 202―2013,Technical code for protection structures of urban rail transit[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2014.(in Chinese)
[17]黄钟晖,廖少明,刘国彬.上海软土盾构法隧道管片厚度的优化[J].岩土力学,2000,21(4):326―330.Huang Zhonghui,Liao Shaoming,Liu Guobin.The optimization of the segment thickness of shield tunnel in Shanghai soft soils[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2000,21(4):326―330.(in Chinese)