正辛酸-月桂酸纳米复合相变材料的蓄冷特性
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摘要
针对有机相变材料导热性能差的缺点,以质量比为81∶19的正辛酸(OA)-月桂酸(LA)二元有机相变蓄冷材料为基液,分别添加不同浓度高热导率的羟基化多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT-OH)、Fe_2O_3、Al_2O_3、Cu以及分散剂SDBS,采用超声波振荡法制备纳米复合相变材料体系,从纳米粒子的种类和浓度来研究其对OA-LA蓄冷性能的影响.实验发现,随着纳米粒子质量浓度的增加,热导率先增大,而后逐渐趋于稳定.加入纳米粒子的复合材料最佳热导率大小依次为:0.1,g/LMWCNT-OH>0.4,g/LFe2,O3>0.3,g/LAl_2O_3>0.3,g/LCu.OA+LA+0.1,g/L,MWCNTOH+0.2,g/L,SDBS表现出最佳蓄冷特性,其热导率提高了21.9%,,相变温度没有变化,相变潜热增加了2.9%,,相变蓄冷时间缩短了16.7%,,经过200次冻融循环测试后,仍保持适宜的相变温度和较高的相变潜热.因此,在果蔬冷链物流保鲜中有良好的应用前景.
In order to increase the thermal conductivity of organic phase change materials(PCMs),different high thermal conductivity nanoparticles,including hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNT-OH),Fe_2O_3,Al_2O_3,,Cu,and dispersant SDBS,were added into the n-octanoic acid(OA)-lauric acid(LA)organic phase change cold storage material(with a mass ratio of 81∶19),respectively.The organic nanocomposites were prepared by the ultrasonic oscillation method,and the effect of the nanoparticles on the cold storage performance of the OA-LA was determined by analysis of the types and concentrations of the nanoparticles.The experimental results showed that as the nanomaterial mass concentration increased,the thermal conductivity increased first and then gradually stablized.The thermal conductivity trend for the composites added to the nanoparticles was:0.1,g/L MWCNT-OH>0.4,g/L Fe_2O_3>0.3,g/L Al_2O_3>0.3,g/L Cu.The OA+LA+0.1,g/L MWCNT-OH+0.2,g/L SDBS exhibited the best thermal properties.Its thermal conductivity increased by 21.9%,,the phase change temperature did not change,the latent heat increased by 2.9%,,and the phase change storage time decreased by 16.7%,.After 200,thermal stability test tests,the nanocomposite PCMs still maintained the appropriate phase change temperature and high latent heat.Therefore,this material has potential as part of the cold chain logistics for fruit and vegetable preservation.
In order to increase the thermal conductivity of organic phase change materials(PCMs),different high thermal conductivity nanoparticles,including hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNT-OH),Fe_2O_3,Al_2O_3,,Cu,and dispersant SDBS,were added into the n-octanoic acid(OA)-lauric acid(LA)organic phase change cold storage material(with a mass ratio of 81∶19),respectively.The organic nanocomposites were prepared by the ultrasonic oscillation method,and the effect of the nanoparticles on the cold storage performance of the OA-LA was determined by analysis of the types and concentrations of the nanoparticles.The experimental results showed that as the nanomaterial mass concentration increased,the thermal conductivity increased first and then gradually stablized.The thermal conductivity trend for the composites added to the nanoparticles was:0.1,g/L MWCNT-OH>0.4,g/L Fe_2O_3>0.3,g/L Al_2O_3>0.3,g/L Cu.The OA+LA+0.1,g/L MWCNT-OH+0.2,g/L SDBS exhibited the best thermal properties.Its thermal conductivity increased by 21.9%,,the phase change temperature did not change,the latent heat increased by 2.9%,,and the phase change storage time decreased by 16.7%,.After 200,thermal stability test tests,the nanocomposite PCMs still maintained the appropriate phase change temperature and high latent heat.Therefore,this material has potential as part of the cold chain logistics for fruit and vegetable preservation.
引文
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[19]王晓霖,翟晓强,王恬,等.太阳能空调相变蓄冷理论及实验研究[J].制冷学报,2013,34(5):34-40.Wang Xiaolin,Zhai Xiaoqiang,Wang Tian,et al.Theory and experimental research on phase change thermal storage of solar air conditioners[J].Journal of Refrigeration,2013,34(5):34-40(in Chinese).
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[22]辛菲.碳纳米管改性及其复合材料[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2012.Xin Fei.Carbon Nanotubes Modification and Composites[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2012(in Chinese).
[2]张仁元.相变材料与相变储能技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.Zhang Renyuan.Phase Change Materials and Phase Change Energy Storage Technology[M].Beijing:Science Press,2009(in Chinese).
[3]郭娟利,徐贺,刘刚.相变材料与建筑围护结构蓄能一体化设计及应用[J].建筑节能,2017,45(10):38-42.Guo Juanli,Xu He,Liu Gang.Energy-saving integration design and application of phase change materials and building envelope structures[J].Building Energy,2017,45(10):38-42(in Chinese).
[4]李琳,琚诚兰,戴浩,等.脂肪酸类相变储能建筑材料的研究及应用[J].现代化工,2015,35(8):46-49.Li Lin,Yan Chenglan,Dai Hao,et al.Research and application of fatty acid phase change energy storage building materials[J].Modern Chemical Industry,2015,35(8):46-49(in Chinese).
[5]杨宁,王瑾,柳建华,等.一种添加纳米颗粒的共晶盐空调蓄冷材料实验研究[J].建筑节能,2017,45(1):10-13.Yang Ning,Wang Jin,Liu Jianhua,et al.Experimental study on eutectic salt air-conditioning cold storage material with nano-particles added[J].Journal of Building Energy Efficiency,2017,45(1):10-13(in Chinese).
[6]吕知梅,于军强,裴丽霞,等.空调蓄冷相变材料的最新研究[J].材料导报,2010,24(1):133-136.LüZhimei,Yu Junqiang,Pei Lixia,et al.Latest research on phase change materials for air conditioned cool storage materials[J].Material Review,2010,24(1):133-136(in Chinese).
[7]华维三,章学来,刘锋,等.新型无水箱相变蓄热式太阳能集热器及热性能研究[J].可再生能源,2017,35(3):395-400.Hua Weisan,Zhang Xuelai,Liu Feng,et al.Research on a novel tankless phase change thermal regenerative solar collector and its thermal performance[J].Renewable Energy,2017,35(3):395-400(in Chinese).
[8]吴建锋,宋谋胜,徐晓虹,等.太阳能中温相变储热材料的研究进展与展望[J].材料导报,2014,28(17):1-9.Wu Jianfeng,Song Mousheng,Xu Xiaohong,et al.Research progress and prospects of solar energy midtemperature phase change thermal storage materials[J].Material Review,2014,28(17):1-9(in Chinese).
[9]张秋玉,臧润清.平菇蓄冷贮藏保鲜实验研究[J].冷藏技术,2017,40(2):54-57.Zhang Qiuyu,Zang Runqing.Studies on storage and preservation of pleurotus ostreatus[J].Refrigeration Technology,2017,40(2):54-57(in Chinese).
[10]夏全刚,刘宝林,王欣.相变材料冷藏箱体中上海青各部位温度变化研究[J].浙江农业学报,2014,26(4):1068-1072.Xia Quangang,Liu Baolin,Wang Xin.Study on temperature changes of different parts of shanghai blue in phase change materials refrigerated tank[J].Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences,2014,26(4):1068-1072(in Chinese).
[11]黄艳,章学来.十二醇-癸酸-纳米粒子复合相变材料传热性能[J].化工学报,2016,67(6):2271-2276.Huang Yan,Zhang Xuelai.Heat transfer performance of dodecyl alcohol-capric acid-nanoparticle composite phase change material[J].Acta Chimica Sinica,2016,67(6):2271-2276(in Chinese).
[12]童晓梅,张敏,雷垒,等.纳米Si O2和石墨改性相变储热微胶囊的研究[J].化工新型材料,2010,38(9):128-130.Tong Xiaomei,Zhang Min,Lei Lei,et al.Research on phase change thermal storage microcapsules modified by nano-SiO2 and graphite[J].New Chemical Materials,2010,38(9):128-130(in Chinese).
[13]张东.多孔矿物介质对有机相变材料导热性能的影响[J].矿物岩石,2007,27(3):14-18.Zhang Dong.Effect of porous mineral media on thermal conductivity of organic phase change materials[J].Mineralogy Rock,2007,27(3):14-18(in Chinese).
[14]Wang J,Xie H,Xin Z,et al.Enhancing thermal conductivity of palmitic acid based phase change materials with carbon nanotubes as fillers[J].Solar Energy,2010,84(2):339-344.
[15]Nourain M,Hamdami N,Keramat J,et al.Thermal behavior of paraffin-nano-Al2O3,stabilized by sodium stearoyl lactylate as a stable phase change material with high thermal conductivity[J].Renewable Energy,2016,88(14):474-482.
[16]Zuo J,Li W,Weng L.Thermal performance of caprylic acid/1-dodecanol eutectic mixture as phase change material(PCM)[J].Energy&Buildings,2011,43(1):207-210.
[17]章学来,周鹏飞,徐蔚雯,等.基于物质熵增纳米铜-赤藻糖醇循环稳定性分析[J].制冷学报,2017,38(3):108-113.Zhang Xuelai,Zhou Pengfei,Xu Weiwen,et al.Cycle stability analysis of nano copper-erythritol based on material entropy[J].Journal of Refrigeration,2017,38(3):108-113(in Chinese).
[18]王元明,丁云飞,吴会军.石蜡/碳纳米管复合相变材料的性能研究[J].现代化工,2015,35(1):130-134.Wang Yuanming,Ding Yunfei,Wu Huijun.Performance of paraffin/carbon nanotubes composite phase change materials[J].Modern Chemical Industry,2015,35(1):130-134(in Chinese).
[19]王晓霖,翟晓强,王恬,等.太阳能空调相变蓄冷理论及实验研究[J].制冷学报,2013,34(5):34-40.Wang Xiaolin,Zhai Xiaoqiang,Wang Tian,et al.Theory and experimental research on phase change thermal storage of solar air conditioners[J].Journal of Refrigeration,2013,34(5):34-40(in Chinese).
[20]吴碧容,童明伟,李兴仁.低温相变蓄冷系统放冷特性的研究[J].制冷学报,2005,26(4):40-43.Wu Birong,Tong Mingwei,Li Xingren.Research on cooling characteristics of low temperature phase change thermal storage system[J].Journal of Refrigeration,2005,26(4):40-43(in Chinese).
[21]章学来,杨阳.月桂酸-正辛酸低温相变材料的制备和循环性能[J].化学工程,2013,41(11):10-13.Zhang Xuelai,Yang Yang.Preparation and cycling properties of lauric acid-n-octanoic acid low temperature phase change materials[J].Chemical Engineering,2013,41(11):10-13(in Chinese).
[22]辛菲.碳纳米管改性及其复合材料[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2012.Xin Fei.Carbon Nanotubes Modification and Composites[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2012(in Chinese).