微生物饲料添加剂质量体外评价方法与标准初探
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摘要
微生物饲料添加剂具有提高饲料利用率,减少畜禽发病率、死亡率等功效,是解决抗生素安全问题的较为直接有效的方法。该产业近年来发展迅速,大量产品不断涌现,于是国家和行业发布了相应标准进行监管,但由于这些标准通常只规定了产品的一些基本要求,对其质量的评价指标和评价方法缺乏相应的指导和规范,使得很多质量低劣的产品流入市场,以次充好,造成整个市场鱼龙混杂的乱象。本文将对微生物饲料添加剂体外评价指标和评价方法进行分析,并与现行的相关国家标准进行对比,初步提出微生物饲料添加剂质量体外评价体系,以期为相应产品质量体外评价标准的制定与实施奠定初步的基础。
Microbial feed additive is a direct and effective way to solve the problem of antibiotic safety, which can increase feed utilization rate, reduce the morbidity and mortality of livestock and poultry. The industry has developed rapidly in recent years with a large number of products spreading to market. So the national government and the industry have issued the corresponding standards for regulation. However, these standards usually only provide some basic requirements of the products but lack appropriate guidance and norms for evaluation index and evaluation method of their quality, which make a lot of poor quality products get into the market, resulting in a mix of products at various levels in the whole market. This paper analyzes the in vitro evaluation index and the evaluation method of microbial feed additives, and compares them with the relevant national standards, puts forward the in vitro evaluation system for microbial feed additives quality, which lays the foundation for the development and implementation of such in vitro evaluation method standards for microbial feed additives quality.
Microbial feed additive is a direct and effective way to solve the problem of antibiotic safety, which can increase feed utilization rate, reduce the morbidity and mortality of livestock and poultry. The industry has developed rapidly in recent years with a large number of products spreading to market. So the national government and the industry have issued the corresponding standards for regulation. However, these standards usually only provide some basic requirements of the products but lack appropriate guidance and norms for evaluation index and evaluation method of their quality, which make a lot of poor quality products get into the market, resulting in a mix of products at various levels in the whole market. This paper analyzes the in vitro evaluation index and the evaluation method of microbial feed additives, and compares them with the relevant national standards, puts forward the in vitro evaluation system for microbial feed additives quality, which lays the foundation for the development and implementation of such in vitro evaluation method standards for microbial feed additives quality.
引文
[1]李林,李金明,郑书涛.是什么绊住了提升畜产品品质的步伐-抗生素在饲料应用中的问题与替代品的发展[J].中国动物保健,2008(109).
[2]滕克合.微生物饲料添加剂在养殖业中的应用[J].现代化农业,2005(1).
[3]张建飞,戎海沿.微生物饲料添加剂在饲料中的应用及生产工艺[J].畜牧与饲料科学,2010(2).
[4]《微生物饲料添加剂通用要求》(GB/T23181).
[5]《饲用微生物制剂中枯草芽孢杆菌的检测》(GB/T 26428).
[6]《微生物饲料添加剂技术通则》(NY/T1444).
[7]《农用微生物菌剂》(GB20287).
[8]张璐,张敏红.饲用益生菌产品评价研究进展[J].中国畜牧兽医,2008(35).
[9]邓露芳,王加启,卜登攀,刘开朗,周凌云,魏宏阳.饲用微生物评价研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2009(25).
[10]《食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验》(GB 4789).
[11]车荣晓,王芳,王艳芬,邓永翠,张静,马双,崔骁勇.土壤微生物总活性研究方法进展[J].生态学报,2016(36).
[12]Fredrickson A.G.,Stephanopoulos G.Microbial competition[J].Science,1981(213).
[13]Lemos M.L.,Dopazo C.P.,Toranzo A.E.Competitive dominance of antibiotic-producing marine bacteria in mixed cultures[J].J Appl Bacteriol,1991(71).
[14]Krovacek K.,Faris A.,Ahne W.Adhesion of Aeromonas hy drophila and Vibrio anguillarum to fish cells and to mucuscoated glass slides[J].FEMS Microbiol.Lett.,1987(42).
[15]Montes A.J.,Pugh.D.G.The use of probiotics in food-animal practice[J].Vet.Med.,1993(88).
[2]滕克合.微生物饲料添加剂在养殖业中的应用[J].现代化农业,2005(1).
[3]张建飞,戎海沿.微生物饲料添加剂在饲料中的应用及生产工艺[J].畜牧与饲料科学,2010(2).
[4]《微生物饲料添加剂通用要求》(GB/T23181).
[5]《饲用微生物制剂中枯草芽孢杆菌的检测》(GB/T 26428).
[6]《微生物饲料添加剂技术通则》(NY/T1444).
[7]《农用微生物菌剂》(GB20287).
[8]张璐,张敏红.饲用益生菌产品评价研究进展[J].中国畜牧兽医,2008(35).
[9]邓露芳,王加启,卜登攀,刘开朗,周凌云,魏宏阳.饲用微生物评价研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2009(25).
[10]《食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验》(GB 4789).
[11]车荣晓,王芳,王艳芬,邓永翠,张静,马双,崔骁勇.土壤微生物总活性研究方法进展[J].生态学报,2016(36).
[12]Fredrickson A.G.,Stephanopoulos G.Microbial competition[J].Science,1981(213).
[13]Lemos M.L.,Dopazo C.P.,Toranzo A.E.Competitive dominance of antibiotic-producing marine bacteria in mixed cultures[J].J Appl Bacteriol,1991(71).
[14]Krovacek K.,Faris A.,Ahne W.Adhesion of Aeromonas hy drophila and Vibrio anguillarum to fish cells and to mucuscoated glass slides[J].FEMS Microbiol.Lett.,1987(42).
[15]Montes A.J.,Pugh.D.G.The use of probiotics in food-animal practice[J].Vet.Med.,1993(88).
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