超大型环件轧制理论与技术
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摘要
为了保证重大装备在重载、变载、冲击、高温、低温、腐蚀、辐射等严酷工作条件下长期稳定服役,对超大型环件的组织状态和力学性能的要求不断提升。通过锻压成形制造高性能无缝超大型环件,成为国家重大装备极端制造发展的重大需求。为此,总结了我国对于直径Φ5~Φ10 m超大型金属环件径-轴向轧制成形技术装备产学研合作的研究实践进展,建立了超大型金属环件径-轴向轧制物理模型,揭示了超大型金属环件径-轴向轧制成形规律,确定了超大型金属环件径-轴向轧制的力学、运动学、材料学条件,攻克了超大型环件轧制关键技术,并且研制了超大型环件径-轴向轧制系列装备。通过近20年的研究与生产,形成了超大型环件轧制理论,开发了超大型金属环件径-轴向轧制成形成套技术,将我国建设成为国际先进的超大型环件自主开发基地,有力促进了我国重大装备的创新发展。
In order to ensure a long-term stable service of major equipment in severe working conditions,such as heavy load,varying load,impact,high temperature,low temperature,corrosion,radiation,etc.,the requirements of microstructure state and mechanical property of super-large ring were developed gradually. So a seamless super-large ring with high performance manufactured by forging and stamping technology became a great demand of extreme manufacturing development for national major equipment. Therefore,the research development of university-industry collaboration for radial-axial rolling technology and equipment of super-large metal ring with diameter ofФ5-Ф10 meters in our country was summarized,and its physical model was established. Then,its deformation law was revealed,and its conditions of mechanics,kinematics and material were confirmed. Furthermore,its key technology was overcome,and a series of equipment were developed. Over nearly twenty years study and production,the rolling theory of super-large ring was established,and the complete technology of radial-axial rolling for super-large metal ring was developed. Thus,the above works make our country to be an international advanced self-development base of super-large ring,which greatly promotes innovative development of major equipment in our country.
In order to ensure a long-term stable service of major equipment in severe working conditions,such as heavy load,varying load,impact,high temperature,low temperature,corrosion,radiation,etc.,the requirements of microstructure state and mechanical property of super-large ring were developed gradually. So a seamless super-large ring with high performance manufactured by forging and stamping technology became a great demand of extreme manufacturing development for national major equipment. Therefore,the research development of university-industry collaboration for radial-axial rolling technology and equipment of super-large metal ring with diameter ofФ5-Ф10 meters in our country was summarized,and its physical model was established. Then,its deformation law was revealed,and its conditions of mechanics,kinematics and material were confirmed. Furthermore,its key technology was overcome,and a series of equipment were developed. Over nearly twenty years study and production,the rolling theory of super-large ring was established,and the complete technology of radial-axial rolling for super-large metal ring was developed. Thus,the above works make our country to be an international advanced self-development base of super-large ring,which greatly promotes innovative development of major equipment in our country.
引文
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[11]潘剡,钱东升,华林,等.Φ9 m超大型环件径轴向轧制成形仿真模拟与实验[J].塑性工程学报,2012,19(3):19-24,53.Pan Y,Qian D S,Hua L,et al.Simulation and experimental research on the radial-axial rolling of 9 m diameter ultra-large ring[J].Journal of Plasticity Engineering,2012,19(3):19-24,53.
[12]钱东升,时大方,华林,等.大型风电轴承套圈滚道轧制数值模拟与实验[J].塑性工程学报,2013,20(2):51-56.Qian D S,Shi D F,Hua L,et al.Numerical simulation and experimental study on raceway rolling of large wind power bearing ring[J].Journal of Plasticity Engineering,2013,20(2):51-56.
[13]Hua L,Deng J D,Qian D S,et al.Modeling and application of ring stiffness condition for radial-axial ring rolling[J].International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture,2016,110:66-79.
[14]邓加东,华林,钱东升.环坯温度分布状态对径轴向轧制变形遗传影响[J].机械工程学报,2014,50(14):110-117.Deng J D,Hua L,Qian D S.Genetic influences of blank temperature distribution on radial-axial ring rolling deformation[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2014,50(14):110-117.
[15]钱东升,曾旭东,华林,等.304不锈钢大型环件细晶轧制实验[J].塑性工程学报,2012,19(2):60-65.Qian D S,Zeng X D,Hua L,et al.Experimental study on finegrain ring rolling of large scale 304 stainless steel[J].Journal of Plasticity Engineering,2012,19(2):60-65.
[16]Guo J,Qian D S,Deng J D.Grain refinement limit during hot radial ring rolling of as-cast GCr15 steel[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2016,231:151-161.
[17]郭良刚,邸伟佳,杨合,等.难变形材料环件双向辗轧过程轧制曲线设计方法[J].机械工程学报,2014,50(16):83-88.Guo L G,Di W J,Yang H,et al.Design method of rolling curve during radial-axial ring rolling process for difficult-to-deform materials[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2014,50(16):83-88.
[18]Deng J D,Mao H J.A blank optimization design method for threeroll cross rolling of complex-groove and small-hole ring[J].International Journal of Mechanical Sciences,2015,93:218-228.
[19]Hua L,Deng J D,Qian D S,et al.Using upper bound solution to analyze force parameters of three-roll cross rolling of rings with small hole and deep groove[J].International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2015,76(1-4):353-366.
[2]华林,钱东升.轴承精密轧制理论与技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2017.Hua L,Qian D S.Theory and Technology of Bearing Precision Rolling[M].Beijing:Science Press,2017.
[3]李永堂,齐会萍,付建华,等.42Cr Mo钢铸造环坯辗扩成形理论与工艺分析[J].机械工程学报,2014,50(2):77-85.Li Y T,Qi H P,Fu J H,et al.Theoretical and process analyses on the cast-blank rolling forming of 42Cr Mo bearing rings[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2014,50(2):77-85.
[4]齐会萍,李永堂,华林,等.环形零件辗扩成形工艺研究现状与发展趋势[J].机械工程学报,2014,50(14):75-80.Qi H P,Li Y T,Hua L,et al.Research status and developing trends on the rolling forming process of ring parts[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2014,50(14):75-80.
[5]Hua L,Deng J D,Qian D S.Recent development of ring rolling theory and technique[J].Interantional Journal of Materials and Product Technology,2017,54(1-3):65-86.
[6]潘利波.环件径轴向轧制变形规律与CAPP系统研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2007.Pan L B.Research on Axial Rolling Deformation Law of Ring and CAPP System[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University of Technology,2007.
[7]Hua L,Pan L B,Lan J.Researches on the ring stiffness condition in radial-axial ring rolling[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2009,209(5):2570-2575.
[8]邓加东.运载装备用大型环件轧制稳定性与组织演化规律研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2017.Deng J D.Study on Rolling Stability and Microstructure Evolution of Large-scale Rings Used in Delivery Equipment[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University of Technology,2017.
[9]华林,潘利波,兰箭,等.大型环件的径轴向轧制工艺模拟和研究[J].中国机械工程,2006,17(19):2020-2023,2071.Hua L,Pan L B,Lan J,et al,Simulation research on radial-axial large ring rolling technology[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2006,17(19):2020-2023,2071.
[10]兰箭,华林,潘利波,等.大型复杂环件缩比轧制成形的实验与模拟研究[J].中国机械工程,2006,17(20):2167-2170.Lan J,Hua L,Pan L B,et al.Experimental and simulations research on reduced scale rolling of ring with large dimension and complex shape[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2006,17(20):2167-2170.
[11]潘剡,钱东升,华林,等.Φ9 m超大型环件径轴向轧制成形仿真模拟与实验[J].塑性工程学报,2012,19(3):19-24,53.Pan Y,Qian D S,Hua L,et al.Simulation and experimental research on the radial-axial rolling of 9 m diameter ultra-large ring[J].Journal of Plasticity Engineering,2012,19(3):19-24,53.
[12]钱东升,时大方,华林,等.大型风电轴承套圈滚道轧制数值模拟与实验[J].塑性工程学报,2013,20(2):51-56.Qian D S,Shi D F,Hua L,et al.Numerical simulation and experimental study on raceway rolling of large wind power bearing ring[J].Journal of Plasticity Engineering,2013,20(2):51-56.
[13]Hua L,Deng J D,Qian D S,et al.Modeling and application of ring stiffness condition for radial-axial ring rolling[J].International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture,2016,110:66-79.
[14]邓加东,华林,钱东升.环坯温度分布状态对径轴向轧制变形遗传影响[J].机械工程学报,2014,50(14):110-117.Deng J D,Hua L,Qian D S.Genetic influences of blank temperature distribution on radial-axial ring rolling deformation[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2014,50(14):110-117.
[15]钱东升,曾旭东,华林,等.304不锈钢大型环件细晶轧制实验[J].塑性工程学报,2012,19(2):60-65.Qian D S,Zeng X D,Hua L,et al.Experimental study on finegrain ring rolling of large scale 304 stainless steel[J].Journal of Plasticity Engineering,2012,19(2):60-65.
[16]Guo J,Qian D S,Deng J D.Grain refinement limit during hot radial ring rolling of as-cast GCr15 steel[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2016,231:151-161.
[17]郭良刚,邸伟佳,杨合,等.难变形材料环件双向辗轧过程轧制曲线设计方法[J].机械工程学报,2014,50(16):83-88.Guo L G,Di W J,Yang H,et al.Design method of rolling curve during radial-axial ring rolling process for difficult-to-deform materials[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2014,50(16):83-88.
[18]Deng J D,Mao H J.A blank optimization design method for threeroll cross rolling of complex-groove and small-hole ring[J].International Journal of Mechanical Sciences,2015,93:218-228.
[19]Hua L,Deng J D,Qian D S,et al.Using upper bound solution to analyze force parameters of three-roll cross rolling of rings with small hole and deep groove[J].International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2015,76(1-4):353-366.