司法鉴定在环境污染责任保险中的应用初探
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摘要
伴随着我国经济快速发展,环境问题也日益严峻,为了应对各类环境污染问题、防范环境损害风险,我国开始实行环境污染责任保险制度。环境污染责任保险的有效实施,需要多方面的有效保障和支持,其中,司法鉴定是环境污染责任保险中环境损害评估的有效手段。环境损害司法鉴定是司法鉴定中必不可少的一部分,其提供的环境损害范围、程度等鉴定结果是环境损害赔偿磋商或诉讼过程中的重要依据。本文首先分析了环境污染责任保险和环境损害司法鉴定的内容及存在问题,其次结合环境污染责任保险的通用保险方案,详细论述了环境损害司法鉴定在环境污染责任保险中的应用范围及方式,并深入探讨未来环境损害司法鉴定在环境污染责任保险中的应用趋势,以期为推动我国环责险的发展和完善提供科学思路。同时,应该提高司法鉴定机构在环境污染责任保险中环境损害鉴定的参与度,以提高环境损害鉴定结果的公正性。
With the rapid development of economy, environmental problems have become increasingly severe in China. In order to deal with various environmental pollution problems and to prevent environmental damage risks, China has begun to implement an environmental pollution liability insurance system. The effective implementation of the environmental pollution liability insurance requires effective protection and support from different aspects, with forensic appraisal as an effective mean for environmental damage assessment. Forensic appraisal of environmental damage, acting as an indispensable part of forensic appraisal, provides the scope and degree of the environmental damage as an important basis for the negotiation or litigation process of environmental damage compensation. This paper firstly analyzes the contents and existing problems of environmental pollution liability insurance and forensic appraisal of environmental damage. Then, with the general insurance plan of environmental pollution liability insurance, this paper elaborates the scope and method of forensic appraisal of environmental damage in environmental pollution liability insurance, and discusses the trend of application of forensic appraisal of environmental damage in environmental pollution liability insurance in the future, in order to provide scientific ideas for promoting the development and improvement of environmental liability insurance in China. In the meanwhile, this paper proposes that the level of participation of the forensic appraisal institutions in the environmental damage assessment should be improved to promote impartiality of the expert opinion on environmental damage.
With the rapid development of economy, environmental problems have become increasingly severe in China. In order to deal with various environmental pollution problems and to prevent environmental damage risks, China has begun to implement an environmental pollution liability insurance system. The effective implementation of the environmental pollution liability insurance requires effective protection and support from different aspects, with forensic appraisal as an effective mean for environmental damage assessment. Forensic appraisal of environmental damage, acting as an indispensable part of forensic appraisal, provides the scope and degree of the environmental damage as an important basis for the negotiation or litigation process of environmental damage compensation. This paper firstly analyzes the contents and existing problems of environmental pollution liability insurance and forensic appraisal of environmental damage. Then, with the general insurance plan of environmental pollution liability insurance, this paper elaborates the scope and method of forensic appraisal of environmental damage in environmental pollution liability insurance, and discusses the trend of application of forensic appraisal of environmental damage in environmental pollution liability insurance in the future, in order to provide scientific ideas for promoting the development and improvement of environmental liability insurance in China. In the meanwhile, this paper proposes that the level of participation of the forensic appraisal institutions in the environmental damage assessment should be improved to promote impartiality of the expert opinion on environmental damage.
引文
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[8]Roach B,Wade W W.Policy evaluation of natural resourceinjuries using habitat equivalency analysis[J].EcologicalEconomics,2006,58(2):421-433.
[9]田超,张衍燊,於方.环境损害司法鉴定:打开环境执法与环境司法新局面[J].环境保护,2016,44(5):62-64.
[2]邹海林.责任保险论[M].北京:法律出版社,1999.
[3]张志文.环境侵权责任保险法律制度研究[D].昆明理工大学,2005.
[4]刘冬娇,阎石.责任保险的社会管理功能及其实现[J].金融理论与实践,2005(1):68-69.
[5]Bartsch E.Enforcement of environmental liability in the case of uncertain causality and asymmetric information[M].Kiel:KielInstitute of World Economics,1996:11.
[6]於方,张衍燊,赵丹,等.环境损害鉴定评估技术研究综述[J].中国司法鉴定,2017(5):18-29.
[7]侯艳芳.环境损害司法鉴定的现实与理想[J].山东社会科学,2017(10):107-12.
[8]Roach B,Wade W W.Policy evaluation of natural resourceinjuries using habitat equivalency analysis[J].EcologicalEconomics,2006,58(2):421-433.
[9]田超,张衍燊,於方.环境损害司法鉴定:打开环境执法与环境司法新局面[J].环境保护,2016,44(5):62-64.
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