复杂区域地震采集质量评价技术及其应用
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摘要
滩海过渡带具有地表复杂、地震采集方式特殊的特点。由于地表吸收、检波器类型不统一等原因,该区域的地震资料在能量、频率、相位等方面存在较大差异。为此,提出一种针对此类区域的地震采集质量评价技术,根据卫星遥感数据将复杂地表自动划分为不同评价区域,利用道头字信息自动分离陆检记录地震数据、水检记录地震数据,并根据工区施工特点,优选监控参数,设置阈值范围,依据不同评价标准进行精细评价,从而解决因地表复杂、地震数据差异大而导致的地震采集质量评价难题。应用结果表明,该技术具有全程自动化、评价结果客观、性能高效的优点。与传统的人工质控手段相比,新提出的方法消除了主观因素影响,优化了评价结果的科学性,提升了现场监控效率,节约了勘探成本。
The transition zone of beach and shallows sea area refers to the land,tidal flats and very shallow sea areas,where the surface is complex and special seismic acquisition is used.Seismic data from this zone is quite different in terms of energy,frequency,and phase,etc.,due to the absorption of energy at the surface and different types of geophones.This paper presents a technique for evaluating the quality of seismic acquisition in such areas.First,the complex surface is automatically divided into different evaluation areas based on satellite remote sensing data.Then,the land and water survey data are separated by using the headers information of seismic traces.Next,according to the seismic survey characteristics of the exploration area,the monitoring parameters are selected and the threshold range is set.Finally,different evaluation criteria for different area are established for fine evaluation,which could solve the problem of evaluating the quality of seismic acquisition caused by complex surface and seismic data differences.This technique was tested in an actual application,the results showed that the technique can provide evaluation results efficiently,automatically,and objectively.Compared with traditional manual quality control technique,this evaluation technique eliminates the influence of subjective factors,obtains more scientific monitoring results,improves the on-site monitoring efficiency,and saves exploration costs.
The transition zone of beach and shallows sea area refers to the land,tidal flats and very shallow sea areas,where the surface is complex and special seismic acquisition is used.Seismic data from this zone is quite different in terms of energy,frequency,and phase,etc.,due to the absorption of energy at the surface and different types of geophones.This paper presents a technique for evaluating the quality of seismic acquisition in such areas.First,the complex surface is automatically divided into different evaluation areas based on satellite remote sensing data.Then,the land and water survey data are separated by using the headers information of seismic traces.Next,according to the seismic survey characteristics of the exploration area,the monitoring parameters are selected and the threshold range is set.Finally,different evaluation criteria for different area are established for fine evaluation,which could solve the problem of evaluating the quality of seismic acquisition caused by complex surface and seismic data differences.This technique was tested in an actual application,the results showed that the technique can provide evaluation results efficiently,automatically,and objectively.Compared with traditional manual quality control technique,this evaluation technique eliminates the influence of subjective factors,obtains more scientific monitoring results,improves the on-site monitoring efficiency,and saves exploration costs.
引文
[1]陈新荣.胜利青东5探区滩浅海资料处理技术[J].物探与化探,2011,35(3):393-394CHEN X R.Research on processing techniques for seismic data from the tidal zone and shallow water area of Qingdong 5exploration zone in the Shengli oil field[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2011,35(3):393-394
[2]岳英,薛广建.滩海过渡带地震采集处理技术及应用[J].天然气工业,2007,27(增刊1):209-212YUE Y,XUE G J.Seismic acquisition and processing technology and its application in offshore transition zone[J].Natural Gas Industry,2007,27(S1):209-212
[3]余志和.滩海地区采集方法研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(4):471-479YU Z H.Study of acquisition method in marine beach area[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2001,36(4):471-479
[4]吕公河,邸志欣.滩海浅层三维地震勘探技术[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(6):613-622LV G H,DI Z X.3-D shallow seismic exploration technique in beach area[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2008,43(6):613-622
[5]冯凯,和冠慧.一种优化的过渡带三维观测系统[J].石油物探,2008,47(5):511-518FENG K,HE G H.An optimized 3-D geometry for transitional zone seismic survey[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2008,47(5):511-518
[6]何进勇.节点采集技术在复杂水域地震资料采集中的应用[J].物探与化探,2014,38(1):87-89HE J Y.Ocean bottom nodes technique and its application[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2014,38(1):87-89
[7]刘小明,芮建民,朱峰.浅水及水陆过渡带地震勘探采集技术[J].江汉石油学院学报,2003,25(增刊2):61-75LIU X M,RUI J M,ZHU F.Acquisitional technique of seismic exploration in shallow water and water-land transition zone[J].Journal of Jianghan Petroleum Institute,2003,25(S2):61-75
[8]任立刚.速度检波器与压电检波器相位差异分析及应用[J].地球物理学进展,2015,30(1):454-459REN L G.Analysis and application of phase difference between velocity geophone and piezoelectric geophone[J].Progress in Geophysics,2015,30(1):454-459
[9]尚新民.地震资料相位差异分析方法与应用[J].物探与化探,2014,38(4):711-716SHANG X M.The method and application of seismic data phase difference analysis[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2014,38(4):711-716
[10]杨恕,刘百红.水下压电检波器在陆上地震采集的适用性探讨[J].物探化探计算技术,2013,35(3):266-271YANG S,LIU B H.The feasibility study of application of piezoelectric hydrophone on land seismic acquisition[J].Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2013,35(3):266-271
[11] LIU Z D,LU Q T.Research on velocity and acceleration geophones and their acquired information[J].Applied Geophysiscs,2012,9(2):149-158
[12]钮圣虓,王盛.完全基于边缘信息的快速图像分割算法[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2012,24(11):1411-1419NIU S X,WANG S.A fast image segmentation algorithm fully based on edge information[J].Journal of Computer-Aided Design&Computer Graphics,2012,24(11):1411-1419
[13]王相海,陈明莹.Contourlet概率分布的遥感图像边缘检测方法[J].中国图像图形学报,2011,16(10):1900-1907WANG X H,CHEN M Y.Edge detection of remote sensing image based on contourlet probability distribution[J].Journal of Image and Graphics,2011,16(10):1900-1907
[14]王李娟.基于ETM遥感影像的海岸线提取与验证研究[J].遥感技术与应用,2010,25(2):235-239WANG L J.The study of coastline extraction and validation using ETM remote sensing image[J].Remote Sensing Technology and Application,2010,25(2):235-239
[15]郑英娟,张有会.基于八方向Sobel算子的边缘检测算法[J].计算机科学,2013,40(11A):353-356ZHENG Y J,ZHANG Y H.Edge detection algorithm based on the eight directions Sobel operator[J].Computer Science,2013,40(11A):353-356
[2]岳英,薛广建.滩海过渡带地震采集处理技术及应用[J].天然气工业,2007,27(增刊1):209-212YUE Y,XUE G J.Seismic acquisition and processing technology and its application in offshore transition zone[J].Natural Gas Industry,2007,27(S1):209-212
[3]余志和.滩海地区采集方法研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(4):471-479YU Z H.Study of acquisition method in marine beach area[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2001,36(4):471-479
[4]吕公河,邸志欣.滩海浅层三维地震勘探技术[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(6):613-622LV G H,DI Z X.3-D shallow seismic exploration technique in beach area[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2008,43(6):613-622
[5]冯凯,和冠慧.一种优化的过渡带三维观测系统[J].石油物探,2008,47(5):511-518FENG K,HE G H.An optimized 3-D geometry for transitional zone seismic survey[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2008,47(5):511-518
[6]何进勇.节点采集技术在复杂水域地震资料采集中的应用[J].物探与化探,2014,38(1):87-89HE J Y.Ocean bottom nodes technique and its application[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2014,38(1):87-89
[7]刘小明,芮建民,朱峰.浅水及水陆过渡带地震勘探采集技术[J].江汉石油学院学报,2003,25(增刊2):61-75LIU X M,RUI J M,ZHU F.Acquisitional technique of seismic exploration in shallow water and water-land transition zone[J].Journal of Jianghan Petroleum Institute,2003,25(S2):61-75
[8]任立刚.速度检波器与压电检波器相位差异分析及应用[J].地球物理学进展,2015,30(1):454-459REN L G.Analysis and application of phase difference between velocity geophone and piezoelectric geophone[J].Progress in Geophysics,2015,30(1):454-459
[9]尚新民.地震资料相位差异分析方法与应用[J].物探与化探,2014,38(4):711-716SHANG X M.The method and application of seismic data phase difference analysis[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2014,38(4):711-716
[10]杨恕,刘百红.水下压电检波器在陆上地震采集的适用性探讨[J].物探化探计算技术,2013,35(3):266-271YANG S,LIU B H.The feasibility study of application of piezoelectric hydrophone on land seismic acquisition[J].Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2013,35(3):266-271
[11] LIU Z D,LU Q T.Research on velocity and acceleration geophones and their acquired information[J].Applied Geophysiscs,2012,9(2):149-158
[12]钮圣虓,王盛.完全基于边缘信息的快速图像分割算法[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2012,24(11):1411-1419NIU S X,WANG S.A fast image segmentation algorithm fully based on edge information[J].Journal of Computer-Aided Design&Computer Graphics,2012,24(11):1411-1419
[13]王相海,陈明莹.Contourlet概率分布的遥感图像边缘检测方法[J].中国图像图形学报,2011,16(10):1900-1907WANG X H,CHEN M Y.Edge detection of remote sensing image based on contourlet probability distribution[J].Journal of Image and Graphics,2011,16(10):1900-1907
[14]王李娟.基于ETM遥感影像的海岸线提取与验证研究[J].遥感技术与应用,2010,25(2):235-239WANG L J.The study of coastline extraction and validation using ETM remote sensing image[J].Remote Sensing Technology and Application,2010,25(2):235-239
[15]郑英娟,张有会.基于八方向Sobel算子的边缘检测算法[J].计算机科学,2013,40(11A):353-356ZHENG Y J,ZHANG Y H.Edge detection algorithm based on the eight directions Sobel operator[J].Computer Science,2013,40(11A):353-356
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