浅埋隧道单侧扩建施工方案优化
|
摘要
目前国内外常见隧道扩建施工大都采用传统新建隧道的施工方法,但由于传统开挖方法忽略了原隧道衬砌对围岩的长期支撑稳定优势,降低了施工效率。依托重庆渝州隧道扩建施工实例对扩建优化施工方案进行了深入研究,提出了浅埋隧道单侧扩建优化施工方案,即横向采用合理拱轴线开挖,纵向采用跳槽开挖的新方法。通过现场监控量测和ANSYS三维有限元模拟还原施工全过程进行对比分析。采用优化施工方案时,随着开挖掌子面的推进,原隧道衬砌受压应力计算值增大,纵向跳槽开挖时未拆除的原隧道衬砌能够发挥柱的作用,承担因跳槽开挖而产生的围岩压力,可有效提高施工安全稳定性。横向采用合理拱轴线开挖,使得开挖后围岩压力传递更加合理,并显著降低了初期支护结构拉应力和一定程度上增加了初期支护结构压应力。数值计算结果及现场监控量测数据对比显示,浅埋隧道单侧扩建开挖方案优化后拱顶位移比现状开挖方式小约16%～20%,且拱顶基本不出现受拉区,证明优化后的开挖方案在地下工程开挖卸荷时改变了原围岩的应力路径,能够充分调动围岩的自稳能力。故采用优化施工方案不但能够减少拱顶沉降,降低衬砌的拉应力,还能在保证施工安全的同时缩短施工工期,为今后的类似隧道扩建工程提供借鉴。
At present, most of the tunnel extensions at home and abroad adopt the traditional construction methods of newly tunnel construction, but the traditional excavation method ignores the advantage of long-term support and stability of original tunnel lining to surrounding rock, the construction efficiency is reduced. Depending on the Chongqing Yuzhou tunnel extension instance, the optimized construction scheme is analysed, and the optimization construction scheme of single-sided shallow tunnel extension is proposed. The scheme adopts the new way of the rational arch axis extension in transverse direction and the jump drilling method in lengthwise. The comparative analysis is conducted by field monitoring measurement result and ANSYS 3 D FE simulation of the whole process of tunnel extension. Using the optimized construction scheme, the calculated compressive stress of the original tunnel lining is increased with the excavation face advancing. The remained original tunnel lining could play the role of the column and bear the surrounding rock pressure caused by the jump drilling excavation, which could effectively improve the safety and stability for tunnel extension. Adopting the rational arch axis excavation in transverse direction could make the surrounding rock pressure transferred more reasonably and significantly, and reduce the tensile stress and increase the compressive stress of the initial support structure. The comparison of numerical calculation result and field monitoring data shows that the displacement of the tunnel vault can be reduced by 16%-20% than current excavation way after using the optimized excavation scheme of shallow tunnel single-sided extension, and the tunnel vault does not appear the tension zone. It proves that the optimized construction scheme could change the original rock stress path and give full play to the surrounding rock stability during underground excavation and unloading. So adopting the optimization construction scheme not only can reduce the subsidence of arch vault and the tensile stress of lining, but also can ensure the construction safety and shorten the construction period, which can provide a reference for similar tunnel expansion projects in the future.
At present, most of the tunnel extensions at home and abroad adopt the traditional construction methods of newly tunnel construction, but the traditional excavation method ignores the advantage of long-term support and stability of original tunnel lining to surrounding rock, the construction efficiency is reduced. Depending on the Chongqing Yuzhou tunnel extension instance, the optimized construction scheme is analysed, and the optimization construction scheme of single-sided shallow tunnel extension is proposed. The scheme adopts the new way of the rational arch axis extension in transverse direction and the jump drilling method in lengthwise. The comparative analysis is conducted by field monitoring measurement result and ANSYS 3 D FE simulation of the whole process of tunnel extension. Using the optimized construction scheme, the calculated compressive stress of the original tunnel lining is increased with the excavation face advancing. The remained original tunnel lining could play the role of the column and bear the surrounding rock pressure caused by the jump drilling excavation, which could effectively improve the safety and stability for tunnel extension. Adopting the rational arch axis excavation in transverse direction could make the surrounding rock pressure transferred more reasonably and significantly, and reduce the tensile stress and increase the compressive stress of the initial support structure. The comparison of numerical calculation result and field monitoring data shows that the displacement of the tunnel vault can be reduced by 16%-20% than current excavation way after using the optimized excavation scheme of shallow tunnel single-sided extension, and the tunnel vault does not appear the tension zone. It proves that the optimized construction scheme could change the original rock stress path and give full play to the surrounding rock stability during underground excavation and unloading. So adopting the optimization construction scheme not only can reduce the subsidence of arch vault and the tensile stress of lining, but also can ensure the construction safety and shorten the construction period, which can provide a reference for similar tunnel expansion projects in the future.
引文
[1] 钱七虎.迎接我国城市地下空间开发高潮[J].岩土工程学报,1998,20(1):112-113.QIAN Qi-hu. Greeting Development Climax of Urban Underground Space in China[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 1998,20(1):112-113.
[2] 刘冬,高文学,孙宝平,等. 既有隧道扩建爆破振动数值模拟研究[J].岩土力学,2016,37(10):3011-3017.LIU Dong, GAO Wen-xue, SUN Bao-ping, et al. Numerical Simulation of Blasting Vibration on Existing Tunnel Extension[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2016,37(10):3011-3017.
[3] 李元福.关村坝隧道改扩建施工技术[J].铁道建筑技术,1996(4):22-26.LI Yuan-fu. Construction Technology of Tunnel Extension for Guancunba Tunnel[J]. Railway Construction Technology, 1996(4):22-26.
[4] 彭念.原位扩建隧道围岩力学响应机理研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2010.PENG Nian. Study on Surrounding Rock Mechanical Response Mechanism of In-situ Expanded Tunnel[D]. Chongqing: Chongqing University, 2010.
[5] 高干,刘元雪,徐光伟,等.隧道扩建爆破震动控制研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2010,6(6):1285-1294. GAO Gan, LIU Yuan-xue, XU Guang-wei, et al. Study on the Blasting Vibration in Tunnel Extension[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2010,6(6): 1285-1294.
[6] 高干,刘元雪,周结中,等. 地下空间扩建型式研究[J].现代隧道技术,2010,6(6):1-9.GAO Gan, LIU Yuan-xue, ZHOU Jie-zhong, et al. Study on Underground Space Enlargement Options[J]. Modern Tunnelling Technology, 2010,6(6):1-9.
[7] LUNARDI P. Widening the Load at Nazzano[J]. Tunnels & Tunneling International, 2003(7):16-19.
[8] OZSANA A, KARPUZB C. Preliminary Support Design for Ankara Subway Extension Tunnel[J]. Engineering Geology, 2001,59:161-172.
[9] 郑颖人,赵尚毅,李安洪.有限元极限分析法及其在边坡中的应用[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2011.ZHENG Yin-ren, ZHAO Shang-yi, LI An-hong, et al. FEM Limit Analysis and Its Application in Slope Engineering[M]. Beijing: China Communications Press,2011.
[10] 安永林,黄戡,彭立敏,等.强度折减法分析隧道整体稳定性[J].公路交通科技,2001,28(4):91-96.AN Yong-lin, HUANG Kan, PENG Li-min, et al. Analysis of Tunnel Stability Based on Strength Reduction Method[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2001,28(4):91-96.
[11] 李煜川.既有隧道扩建工程的施工力学行为研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2008.LI Yu-chuan. Study on Mechanical Behavior of Extension of Existing Tunnel Project[D]. Chendu: Southwest Jiaotong University,2008.
[12] BHASIN R, GRIMSTAD E. The Use of Stress-strength Relationships in the Assessment of Tunnel Stability[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,1996,11(1):93-98.
[13] 吴祖松.公路隧道围岩压力计算方法与监测研究[D].重庆:重庆交通大学,2008.WU Zu-song. Research on Calculation Method and Monitoring of Surrounding Rock Pressure for Highway Tunnel[D]. Chongqing: Chongqing Jiaotong University,2008.
[14] 王永甫.有限元强度折减法在隧洞稳定性分析中的应用[D].重庆:重庆交通大学,2010. WANG Yong-fu. Application of Strength Reduction Finite Element Method in Tunnel Stability Analysis[D]. Chongqing: Chongqing Jiaotong University,2010.
[15] 王显春,庄纪栋,张宏博.软岩浅埋隧道施工对地表及围岩变形的影响分析[J].隧道建设,2006,26(1):21-24.WANG Xian-chun, ZHUANG Ji-dong, ZHANG Hong-bo. Analysis on Impact of Construction of Shallow-buried Soft Ground Tunnels on Deformations of Ground Surface and Surrounding Rock Mass[J]. Tunnel Construction, 2006,26(1):21-24.
[16] 谭仪忠,刘元雪,周结中. 隧道扩建合理开挖步序的研究[J]. 后勤工程学院学报, 2011,27(5):8-12. TAN Yi-zhong, LIU Yuan-xue, ZHOU Jie-zhong. Research on Proper Excavation Steps in Tunnel Extension[J]. Journal of Logistical Engineering University, 2011,27(5):8-12.
[17] 谭仪忠,刘元雪,周家伍. 隧道单侧扩建跳槽式开挖方法合理槽宽的确定[J].地下空间与工程学报.2013,9(1):147-154.TAN Yi-zhong, LIU Yuan-xue, ZHOU Jia-wu. The Proper Driving Footage in the Jump-driving Method for Single-sided Tunnel Extension[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering, 2013(1):147-154.
[18] 杨明辉,汪罗成,赵明华.考虑土拱效应的双排抗滑桩桩侧土压力计算[J].公路交通科技,2011,28(10):12-18.YANG Ming-hui, WANG Luo-cheng, ZHAO Ming-hua. Calculation of Soil Pressure against Double-row Anti-slide Piles Considering Soil Arching Effect[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, 2011,28(10): 12-18.
[2] 刘冬,高文学,孙宝平,等. 既有隧道扩建爆破振动数值模拟研究[J].岩土力学,2016,37(10):3011-3017.LIU Dong, GAO Wen-xue, SUN Bao-ping, et al. Numerical Simulation of Blasting Vibration on Existing Tunnel Extension[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2016,37(10):3011-3017.
[3] 李元福.关村坝隧道改扩建施工技术[J].铁道建筑技术,1996(4):22-26.LI Yuan-fu. Construction Technology of Tunnel Extension for Guancunba Tunnel[J]. Railway Construction Technology, 1996(4):22-26.
[4] 彭念.原位扩建隧道围岩力学响应机理研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2010.PENG Nian. Study on Surrounding Rock Mechanical Response Mechanism of In-situ Expanded Tunnel[D]. Chongqing: Chongqing University, 2010.
[5] 高干,刘元雪,徐光伟,等.隧道扩建爆破震动控制研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2010,6(6):1285-1294. GAO Gan, LIU Yuan-xue, XU Guang-wei, et al. Study on the Blasting Vibration in Tunnel Extension[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2010,6(6): 1285-1294.
[6] 高干,刘元雪,周结中,等. 地下空间扩建型式研究[J].现代隧道技术,2010,6(6):1-9.GAO Gan, LIU Yuan-xue, ZHOU Jie-zhong, et al. Study on Underground Space Enlargement Options[J]. Modern Tunnelling Technology, 2010,6(6):1-9.
[7] LUNARDI P. Widening the Load at Nazzano[J]. Tunnels & Tunneling International, 2003(7):16-19.
[8] OZSANA A, KARPUZB C. Preliminary Support Design for Ankara Subway Extension Tunnel[J]. Engineering Geology, 2001,59:161-172.
[9] 郑颖人,赵尚毅,李安洪.有限元极限分析法及其在边坡中的应用[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2011.ZHENG Yin-ren, ZHAO Shang-yi, LI An-hong, et al. FEM Limit Analysis and Its Application in Slope Engineering[M]. Beijing: China Communications Press,2011.
[10] 安永林,黄戡,彭立敏,等.强度折减法分析隧道整体稳定性[J].公路交通科技,2001,28(4):91-96.AN Yong-lin, HUANG Kan, PENG Li-min, et al. Analysis of Tunnel Stability Based on Strength Reduction Method[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2001,28(4):91-96.
[11] 李煜川.既有隧道扩建工程的施工力学行为研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2008.LI Yu-chuan. Study on Mechanical Behavior of Extension of Existing Tunnel Project[D]. Chendu: Southwest Jiaotong University,2008.
[12] BHASIN R, GRIMSTAD E. The Use of Stress-strength Relationships in the Assessment of Tunnel Stability[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,1996,11(1):93-98.
[13] 吴祖松.公路隧道围岩压力计算方法与监测研究[D].重庆:重庆交通大学,2008.WU Zu-song. Research on Calculation Method and Monitoring of Surrounding Rock Pressure for Highway Tunnel[D]. Chongqing: Chongqing Jiaotong University,2008.
[14] 王永甫.有限元强度折减法在隧洞稳定性分析中的应用[D].重庆:重庆交通大学,2010. WANG Yong-fu. Application of Strength Reduction Finite Element Method in Tunnel Stability Analysis[D]. Chongqing: Chongqing Jiaotong University,2010.
[15] 王显春,庄纪栋,张宏博.软岩浅埋隧道施工对地表及围岩变形的影响分析[J].隧道建设,2006,26(1):21-24.WANG Xian-chun, ZHUANG Ji-dong, ZHANG Hong-bo. Analysis on Impact of Construction of Shallow-buried Soft Ground Tunnels on Deformations of Ground Surface and Surrounding Rock Mass[J]. Tunnel Construction, 2006,26(1):21-24.
[16] 谭仪忠,刘元雪,周结中. 隧道扩建合理开挖步序的研究[J]. 后勤工程学院学报, 2011,27(5):8-12. TAN Yi-zhong, LIU Yuan-xue, ZHOU Jie-zhong. Research on Proper Excavation Steps in Tunnel Extension[J]. Journal of Logistical Engineering University, 2011,27(5):8-12.
[17] 谭仪忠,刘元雪,周家伍. 隧道单侧扩建跳槽式开挖方法合理槽宽的确定[J].地下空间与工程学报.2013,9(1):147-154.TAN Yi-zhong, LIU Yuan-xue, ZHOU Jia-wu. The Proper Driving Footage in the Jump-driving Method for Single-sided Tunnel Extension[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering, 2013(1):147-154.
[18] 杨明辉,汪罗成,赵明华.考虑土拱效应的双排抗滑桩桩侧土压力计算[J].公路交通科技,2011,28(10):12-18.YANG Ming-hui, WANG Luo-cheng, ZHAO Ming-hua. Calculation of Soil Pressure against Double-row Anti-slide Piles Considering Soil Arching Effect[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, 2011,28(10): 12-18.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |