石油化工储罐消防水系统失效特性研究
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摘要
通过梳理国内外93个石油化工储罐火灾案例,分析和归纳了罐区消防水系统失效类型和失效原因,得出如下结论:固定顶储罐的消防水系统失效概率最高,其次是外浮顶储罐和内浮顶储罐;给水系统失效的案例中,水源不足占比最高,泵房失效所占比例次之,再次是冷却水系统、消火栓和供水管网失效。分析失效类型和原因能够准确定位系统的薄弱点,使消防系统日常维护和重点监督有的放矢,保证石化储罐本质安全。
93 cases of petrochemical tank fires at home and abroad were summarized and analyzed concerning on the type and causes of fire water system in the tank area. The failure probability of the fire water system in the fixed roof tank, the external floating roof tank, and the internal floating roof tank is in decrease manner; In the case of water supply system failure, insufficient water source occupies the highest proportion of the failure reason, and next is the pump house failure, and the followed reason is the failure of the cooling water system,the hydrant, and the water supply pipe network. This research helps to accurately locate the weak points of the system, so as to targeting the daily maintenance and supervision and make sure of essential safety for petrochemical storage tanks.
93 cases of petrochemical tank fires at home and abroad were summarized and analyzed concerning on the type and causes of fire water system in the tank area. The failure probability of the fire water system in the fixed roof tank, the external floating roof tank, and the internal floating roof tank is in decrease manner; In the case of water supply system failure, insufficient water source occupies the highest proportion of the failure reason, and next is the pump house failure, and the followed reason is the failure of the cooling water system,the hydrant, and the water supply pipe network. This research helps to accurately locate the weak points of the system, so as to targeting the daily maintenance and supervision and make sure of essential safety for petrochemical storage tanks.
引文
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[5]聂世全,王伟峰,范继义.油库固定消防设施存在的问题及改进措施[J].油气储运,2005,(3):55-57,60-64.
[6]田宏,詹姆斯A麦克.消防系统的有效性和可靠性[J].消防技术与产品信息,2015,(4):71-73.
[2]蒋晓武,周良锋,周领.石油储罐火灾案例与安全现状调查分析[J].安全、健康和环境,2016,16(3):29-32,50.
[3]Taveau J.Explosion of Fixed Roof Atmospheric Storage Tanks,Part 1:Background and Review of Case Histories[M]Process Safety Progress,2011:381-392.
[4]周靖轩.石油储罐区消防系统有效性评价方法[J].消防科学与技术,2014,33(7):836-838.
[5]聂世全,王伟峰,范继义.油库固定消防设施存在的问题及改进措施[J].油气储运,2005,(3):55-57,60-64.
[6]田宏,詹姆斯A麦克.消防系统的有效性和可靠性[J].消防技术与产品信息,2015,(4):71-73.