潜油直线电机无杆举升技术在定向井中的应用
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摘要
应用大平台开发低渗透油藏已经越来越普遍,然而井眼轨迹复杂和液量低是这类油田的特点,采用抽油机有杆举升存在偏磨及系统效率提升有限的问题,而采用无杆举升技术时又存在一次性投资高及免修期短的问题。为此,开展了以一台直线电机同时驱动上、下两台柱塞泵的潜油直线电机无杆举升技术研究,对系统的水力学参数进行了计算,对直线电机的型式、永磁材料进行了选择,并对系统管柱进行了现场试验。试验结果表明:研制的潜油直线电机外径104mm,稳定举升力达12 kN,满足低液量油井的举升要求;应用潜油直线电机无杆举升系统提高了系统效率,降低了能耗,从根本上解决了杆管偏磨问题,免修期达到411 d。潜油直线电机无杆举升技术为低液量油田提高系统效益提供了新方法。
It is more and more common to use large well pad to produce low-permeability reservoir. However,the complex deep well trajectory and low liquid volume are the characteristics of such oilfields. The use of rod pumping system has the problem of rod eccentric wear and limited system efficiency improvement. The rodless lifting technology has the problems of high one-time investment and short maintenance period. To address the problems,a new technology was investigated,namely the submersible linear motor rodless lifting technology which uses one submersible linear motor simultaneously driving upper and lower plunger pumps. The hydraulic parameters of the system were calculated. The type of the linear motor and permanent magnet material were selected. The system string was tested onsite,and the results showed that the developed submersible linear motor with the outer diameter of 104 mm provided a stable lifting force of 12 k N,which met the lifting requirements of low-liquid volume oil wells. The application of the submersible linear motor rodless lifting system improved system efficiency and reduced energy consumption and addressed the problem of eccentric wear,resulting in maintenance-free period of 411 days. The investigation provides a new method for improving the system efficiency of low liquid oil wells.
It is more and more common to use large well pad to produce low-permeability reservoir. However,the complex deep well trajectory and low liquid volume are the characteristics of such oilfields. The use of rod pumping system has the problem of rod eccentric wear and limited system efficiency improvement. The rodless lifting technology has the problems of high one-time investment and short maintenance period. To address the problems,a new technology was investigated,namely the submersible linear motor rodless lifting technology which uses one submersible linear motor simultaneously driving upper and lower plunger pumps. The hydraulic parameters of the system were calculated. The type of the linear motor and permanent magnet material were selected. The system string was tested onsite,and the results showed that the developed submersible linear motor with the outer diameter of 104 mm provided a stable lifting force of 12 k N,which met the lifting requirements of low-liquid volume oil wells. The application of the submersible linear motor rodless lifting system improved system efficiency and reduced energy consumption and addressed the problem of eccentric wear,resulting in maintenance-free period of 411 days. The investigation provides a new method for improving the system efficiency of low liquid oil wells.
引文
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[2]朱达江,林元华,刘晓旭,等.抽油杆/油管的磨损机理及其实验研究[J].西南石油大学学报,2007,29(11):123-126.ZHU D J,LIN Y H,LIU X X,et al.Wear mechanism and experimental study of sucker rod/tubing[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University,2007,29(11):123-126.
[3]杨海滨,狄勤丰,王文昌.抽油杆柱与油管偏磨机理及偏磨点位置预测[J].石油学报,2005,26(2):100-103.YANG H B,DI Q F,WANG W C.Prediction of serious abrasion position and mechanism of uneven abrasion between sucker rod string and tubing[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2005,26(2):100-103.
[4]万仁溥.采油工程手册(上册)[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2000:363,474.WAN R F.Oil production engineering manual(volumeΙ)[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2000:363,474.
[5]WANG Z S,WANG D J,LU D F,et al.Study of the lifting technology for numerical control reciprocating electric submergible pump[R].SPE 101096-MS,2006.
[6]梁会珍,段宝玉,陈庭举,等.直线电机作为井下泵动力系统的设想[J].石油钻采工艺,2004,26(3):75-77.LIANG H Z,DUAN B Y,CHEN T J,et al.Imagination of linear motor as well pump drive system[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2004,26(3):75-77.
[7]刘遵权,陈树和,苗晓明.潜油电泵无杆采油技术的设想与实践[J].油气田地面工程,2005,24(6):25.LIU Z Q,CHEN S H,MIAO X M.Assumption and practiceof rodless oil production technology with electric submersible pump[J].Oil-Gas Field Surface Engineering,2005,24(6):25.
[8]付国太,张柏,任怀丰,等.往复式磁力驱动柱塞泵举升工艺技术研究[J].石油学报,2006,27(4):122-124,129.FU G T,ZHANG B,REN H F,et al.Lifting technology for reciprocating magnetic drive plunger pump[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2006,27(4):122-124,129.
[9]李明,杨海涛,田启武,等.直线电机往复泵采油技术研究与试验[J].石油机械,2014,42(12):94-96,101.LI M,YANG H T,TIAN Q W,et al.Research and test of downhole linear motor reciprocating pump[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2014,42(12):94-96,101.
[10]胥宗祥,刘曙光,邓岩.直线电机往复泵采油控制技术的研究[J].电子测试,2016(23):152-156.XU Z X,LIU S G,DENG Y.Research on control technology of downhole linear motor reciprocating pump[J].Electric Test,2016(23):152-156.
[11]李明,杨海涛,罗庆梅,等.井下直线电动机采油技术试验研究[J].石油矿场机械,2014,43(7):41-44.LI M,YANG H T,LUO Q M,et al.Experimental study of downhole linear motor pump[J].Oil Field E-quipment,2014,43(7):41-44.
[12]叶云岳.直线电机原理与应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2000:13-17.YE Y Y.Principle and application of linear motor[M].Beijing:Machinery Industry Press,2000:13-17.
[13]王秀和.永磁电机[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2007:25.WANG X H.Permanent magnet motor[M].Beijing:China Electric Power Publishing House,2007:25.
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