含腈废水处理过程中污染物的转化规律
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摘要
对某石化企业含腈废水的处理工艺进行了评估,从污染物的来源、组成、处理效果等方面研究了污染物的转化规律,揭示了现有工艺在含腈废水处理过程中的问题。实验结果表明:该企业污水处理场的废水来源较多,丙烯腈生产废水经四效蒸发系统处理后的出水是其污染物的主要来源,含有相对较多的含氮共轭体系;与其他废水混合后,经氨化作用,有机腈转变为有机胺和铵盐;A/O工段矿化度较高,COD的去除率高达73.0%,但有机胺含量仍较高;在缺氧池—生物流化池—硝化池工段,COD进一步被去除,胺类物质浓度大幅降低,但总氮脱除效果并不理想。
The treatment process of acrylonitrile-containing wastewater in a petrochemical enterprise was evaluated.The pollutant transformation rules were studied in aspects of source,composition and treatment effect of the pollutants.And the problems in the existing treatment process of acrylonitrile-containing wastewater were revealed.The experimental results show that:Several kinds of wastewater are transported to the wastewater treatment plant,and the main pollutants come from the acrylonitrile production wastewater after treated by four-effect evaporation,which are composed of relatively more N-containing conjugated structures;Nitriles in the mixed wastewater are transformed to amines and ammonium by ammonification;The mineralization degree of the wastewater in A/O section is high with 73.0%of COD removal rate,whereas the amine content is decreased limitedly;In anoxic tank-biological fluidized tank-nitrification tank section,COD is further removed and the concentration of amines is decreased significantly,however,the total nitrogen removal effect is not so high as designed.
The treatment process of acrylonitrile-containing wastewater in a petrochemical enterprise was evaluated.The pollutant transformation rules were studied in aspects of source,composition and treatment effect of the pollutants.And the problems in the existing treatment process of acrylonitrile-containing wastewater were revealed.The experimental results show that:Several kinds of wastewater are transported to the wastewater treatment plant,and the main pollutants come from the acrylonitrile production wastewater after treated by four-effect evaporation,which are composed of relatively more N-containing conjugated structures;Nitriles in the mixed wastewater are transformed to amines and ammonium by ammonification;The mineralization degree of the wastewater in A/O section is high with 73.0%of COD removal rate,whereas the amine content is decreased limitedly;In anoxic tank-biological fluidized tank-nitrification tank section,COD is further removed and the concentration of amines is decreased significantly,however,the total nitrogen removal effect is not so high as designed.
引文
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[2]邹士洋,杨腊梅.难降解废水的生物强化处理技术[J].中国给水排水,2005,21(7):26-28.
[3]范春健,董成梁.异相催化工艺预处理含腈废水的中试研究[J].广州化工,2012,40(15):170-172.
[4]蒋进元,李勇,王国威,等.Fenton法处理腈纶聚合废水[J].环境科学研究,2010,23(7):897-901.
[5]苏士岗,王军,张丽丽,等.两相厌氧+A/O工艺处理腈纶和丙烯酰胺混合废水[J].化工环保,2014,34(5)443-447.
[6]Shin Yoimg Ho,Shin Nae Chul,Veriansyah Bambang,et al.Supercritical Water Oxidation of Wastewater from Acrylonitrile Manufacturing Plant[J].J Hazard Mater,2009,163(2/3):1142-1147.
[7]王伯超,叶军苗,金锡标,等.多相催化氧化法预处理丙烯腈生产过程中的废水[J].华东理工大学学报:自然科学版,2006,32(8):948-952.
[8]李锋,柳艳修,宋华,等.Fenton试剂预处理丙烯腈废水的研究[J].工业安全与环保,2007,33(1):21-23.
[9]褚兆晶,徐婷,郭景,等.电化学氧化处理丙烯腈废水及对可生化性的提高[J].生态环境学报,2010,19(8):1956-1959.
[10]任艳,蒋进元,周岳溪,等.电.Fenton法预处理腈纶聚合废水的影响[J].环境科学研究,2011,24(3):301-307.
[11]李洵,张万友,苗宇,等.炭循环微电解反应器处理腈纶废水的Design-Expem殳计优化[J].工业水处理,2011,31(10):75-78.
[12]李长波,赵国峥,易先亮.臭氧联用技术深度处理腈纶废水的效果对比[J].化工环保,2014,34(2):124-127.
[13]Papadimitriou C A,Samaras P,Sakellaropoulos G P.Comparative Study of Phenol and Cyanide Containing Wastewater in CSTR and SBR Activated Sludge Reactors[J].BioresourTechnol,2009,100(1):31-37.
[14]Wyatt J M,Knowles C J.Microbial Degradation of Acrylonitrile Waste Effluents:The Degradation of Effluents and Condensates from the Manufacture of Acrylonitrile[J].Int Biodeterior Biodegrad,1995,35(1/2/3):227-248.
[15]傅乎青,刘丛强,吴丰昌,等.洱海沉积物孔隙水中溶解有机质的三维荧光光谱特征[J].第四纪研究,2004,24(6):695-700.
[16]Kim Hyun-Chul,Yu Myong-Jin.Characterization of Natural Organic Matter in Conventional Water Treatment Processes for Selection of Treatment Processes Focused on DBPs Control[J].Water Res,2005,39(19):4779-4789.
[17]Kalbitz K,Geyer W,Geyer S.Spectroscopic Properties of Dissolved Humic Substances:A Reflection of Land Use History in a Fen Area[J].Biogeochemistry,1999,47(2):219-238.
[18]Pullin M J,Cabaniss S E.Rank Analysis of the pHDependent Synchronous Fluorescence Spectra of Six Standard Humic Substances[J].Environ Sci Technol,1995,29(6):1460-1467.