水力停留时间对活性炭生物转盘处理污染河水的影响
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摘要
将生物转盘与活性炭网状填料相结合,进行活性炭吸附实验并采用河水直接挂膜,探究在盘片最佳转速下,不同水力停留时间对活性炭生物转盘去除NH_4~+-N、TP、高锰酸盐指数以及生物膜特性的影响.结果表明,Freundlich等温线显示活性炭对水中NH_4~+-N、TP、高锰酸盐指数有较好的吸附性能.盘片转速为3 r·min-1时,NH_4~+-N、TP、高锰酸盐指数去除率分别为86.05%、81.28%、77.09%,去除性能最佳.水力停留时间对去除NH_4~+-N、TP存在显著线性相关(R2>0.9)且去除率存在显著差异(P<0.05),而对高锰酸盐指数不存在显著线性相关且去除率差异不显著(P>0.05).HRT对生物膜活性、蛋白多糖以及S-EPS、LB-EPS、TB-EPS三维荧光峰均有影响.
The study combined activated carbon with a rotating biological contactor.The activated carbon adsorption experiments were conducted and the biofilm was formed by using the river water directly.The effects of different hydraulic retention times on the removal of NH_4~+-N,TP,and permanganate index and on the biofilm properties were investigated at the optimum rotational speed of the disc.Experimental results are as follows.The Freundlich isotherm showed that activated carbon had better adsorption properties for NH_4~+-N,TP,and permanganate index in water.When the disk speed was 3 r·min~(-1),the removal efficiency was the best,and the removal rates of NH_4~+-N,TP and permanganate index were the best at 86.05%,81.28%,and 77.09%,respectively.In addition,there was a significant linear correlation between the hydraulic retention time and the removal of NH_4~+-N and TP(R2>0.9),respectively.The removal rates of NH_4~+-N and TP at different hydraulic retention times were significantly different(P<0.05),but the permanganate index was not(P>0.05).Hydraulic retention time had effects on the biofilm activity,protein and polysaccharide contents,and the three-dimensional fluorescence peaks of S-EPS,LB-EPS,and TB-EPS of the biofilm.
The study combined activated carbon with a rotating biological contactor.The activated carbon adsorption experiments were conducted and the biofilm was formed by using the river water directly.The effects of different hydraulic retention times on the removal of NH_4~+-N,TP,and permanganate index and on the biofilm properties were investigated at the optimum rotational speed of the disc.Experimental results are as follows.The Freundlich isotherm showed that activated carbon had better adsorption properties for NH_4~+-N,TP,and permanganate index in water.When the disk speed was 3 r·min~(-1),the removal efficiency was the best,and the removal rates of NH_4~+-N,TP and permanganate index were the best at 86.05%,81.28%,and 77.09%,respectively.In addition,there was a significant linear correlation between the hydraulic retention time and the removal of NH_4~+-N and TP(R2>0.9),respectively.The removal rates of NH_4~+-N and TP at different hydraulic retention times were significantly different(P<0.05),but the permanganate index was not(P>0.05).Hydraulic retention time had effects on the biofilm activity,protein and polysaccharide contents,and the three-dimensional fluorescence peaks of S-EPS,LB-EPS,and TB-EPS of the biofilm.
引文
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[9]Zheng Z M,Obbard J P.Removal of surfactant solubilized polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by Phanerochaetechrysosporium in a rotating biological contactor reactor[J].Journal of Biotechnology,2002,96(3):241-249.
[10]Guimar2es C,Porto P,Oliveira R,et al.Continuous decolourization of a sugar refinery wastewater in a modified rotating biological contactor with Phanerochaetechrysosporium immobilized on polyurethane foam disks[J].Process Biochemistry,2005,40(2):535-540.
[11]国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法[M].(第四版).北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.
[12]张金莲,贺锋,梁威,等.Zn2+、Co2+和Mn2+对人工湿地基质生物膜的影响[J].中国环境科学,2008,28(2):158-162.Zhang J L,He F,Liang W,et al.Effects of Zn2+,Co2+and Mn2+on the substrate quality biofilms in the integrated verticalflow constructed wetland[J].China Environmental Science,2008,28(2):158-162.
[13]杨春雪.嗜热菌强化剩余污泥水解及短链脂肪酸积累规律研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2015.Yang C X.Enhanced effects of thermophiles on waste activated sludge hydrolysis and short-chain fatty acids production[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2015.
[14]Fr/olund B,Griebe T,Nielsen P H.Enzymatic activity in the activated-sludge floc matrix[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,1995,43(4):755-761.
[15]Ludwig T G,Goldberg H J V.The anthrone method for the determination of carbohydrates in foods and in oral rinsing[J].Journal of Dental Research,1956,35(1):90-94.
[16]蒋展鹏.环境工程学[M].(第二版).北京:高等教育出版社,2005.
[17]Fytianos K,Voudrias E,Kokkalis E.Sorption-desorption behaviour of 2,4-dichlorophenol by marine sediments[J].Chemosphere,2000,40(1):3-6.
[18]李彬,吕锡武,宁平,等.自回流生物转盘/植物滤床工艺处理农村生活污水[J].中国给水排水,2007,23(17):15-18.Li B,Lv X W,Ning P,et al.Combined process of selfcirculating rotating biological disk and aquatic plant filter bed for rural domestic wastewater treatment[J].China Water&Waste Water,2007,23(17):15-18.
[19]尹军,王建辉,王雪峰,等.污水生物除磷若干影响因素分析[J].环境工程学报,2007,1(4):6-11.Yin J,Wang J H,Wang X F,et al.Influencing factors of biological phosphorus removal in sewage treatment[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2007,1(4):6-11.
[20]陈洪波,王冬波,李小明,等.单级好氧生物除磷工艺处理生活污水[J].中国环境科学,2012,32(7):1203-1209.Chen H B,Wang D B,Li X M,et al.Biological phosphorus removal of domestic wastewater by single-stage oxic process[J].China Environmental Science,2012,32(7):1203-1209.
[21]王文东,马翠,刘荟,等.水力负荷对生物沉淀池污染物净化性能的影响特性[J].环境科学,2016,37(12):4727-4733.Wang W D,Ma C,Liu H,et al.Effects of hydraulic loading rate on the removal of pollutants from an integrated biological settling tank[J].Environmental Science,2016,37(12):4727-4733.
[22]宋冬,刘珊,何义亮,等.城市污水处理厂含铝污泥回流除磷分析[J].应用化工,2015,44(12):2301-2304.Song D,Liu S,He Y L,et al.Analysis of phosphorus removal by recycling of aluminum sludge in sewage treatment plant[J].Applied Chemical Industry,2015,44(12):2301-2304.
[23]Nielsen P H,Jahn A,Palmgren R.Conceptual model for production and composition of exopolymers in biofilms[J].Water Science and Technology,1997,36(1):11-19.
[24]Ramesh A,Lee D J,Hong S G.Soluble microbial products(SMP)and soluble extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)from wastewater sludge[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2006,73(1):219-225.
[25]曹秀芹,赵自玲.胞外聚合物(EPS)构成的影响因素分析[J].环境科学与技术,2010,33(S2):420-424,471.Cao X Q,Zhao Z L.Analysis of influencing factor on the component of extracellular polymeric substance(EPS)[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2010,33(S2):420-424,471.
[26]黄兴,孙宝盛,孙井梅,等.贫营养条件下EPS、SMP和微生物多样性的研究[J].环境科学,2009,30(5):1468-1474.Huang X,Sun B S,Sun J M,et al.EPS,SMP and microbial biodiversity under the oligotrophic environment[J].Environmental Science,2009,30(5):1468-1474.
[27]周健,栗静静,龙腾锐,等.胞外聚合物EPS在废水生物除磷中的作用[J].环境科学学报,2008,28(9):1758-1762.Zhou J,Li J J,Long T R,et al.Study on the action of extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)in biological phosphorus removal from wastewater[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2008,28(9):1758-1762.
[28]Sun J,Guo L,Li Q Q,et al.Structural and functional properties of organic matters in extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)and dissolved organic matters(DOM)after heat pretreatment with waste sludge[J].Bioresource Technology,2016,219:614-623.
[29]姚萌,罗红元,谢小青,等.城市污水厂活性污泥胞外聚合物的三维荧光特性分析[J].中国环境科学,2012,32(1):94-99.Yao M,Luo H Y,Xie X Q,et al.Three dimensional excitationemission florescence spectra of expolymer substances in activated sludge of WWTP[J].China Environmental Science,2012,32(1):94-99.
[30]李志华,刘毅,张芹,等.活性污泥胞外聚合物在污水处理过程中的荧光特性[J].环境工程学报,2015,9(7):3172-3176.Li Z H,Liu Y,Zhang Q,et al.Fluorescence characteristics of extracellular polymeric substances in activated sludge during wastewater treatment processes[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2015,9(7):3172-3176.
[31]Mopper K,Schultz C A.Fluorescence as a possible tool for studying the nature and water column distribution of DOC components[J].Marine Chemistry,1993,41(1-3):229-238.
[32]任保卫,赵卫红,王江涛,等.胶州湾围隔实验中溶解有机物三维荧光特征[J].环境科学,2007,28(4):712-718.Ren B W,Zhao W H,Wang J T,et al.Three-dimensional fluorescence characteristic of dissolved organic matter in marine mesocosm experiment in Jiaozhou Bay,China[J].Environmental Science,2007,28(4):712-718.
[2]魏东洋,董磐磐,李杰,等.新型载体生物转盘处理微污染河水效果研究[J].中国环境科学,2013,33(S1):156-159.Wei D Y,Dong P P,Li J,et al.Study on the effect of new carrier rotating biological contactor treatment of micro-polluted river water[J].China Environmental Science,2013,33(S1):156-159.
[3]王文东,刘荟,马翠,等.一体式生物净化-沉淀池对微污染水体污染物的强化去除性能[J].环境科学,2016,37(10):3858-3863.Wang W D,Liu H,Ma C,et al.Enhanced pollutant removal performance of an integrated biological settling tank from micropolluted water bodies[J].Environmental Science,2016,37(10):3858-3863.
[4]唐云鹭,刘东方,于洁,等.填料-生物转盘处理有机模拟污水[J].环境工程学报,2013,7(6):2121-2126.Tang Y L,Liu D F,Yu J,et al.Packed rotating biological contactor system for treatment of simulated organic wastewater[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2013,7(6):2121-2126.
[5]张黎.生物转盘污水处理技术研究进展及展望[J].农业与技术,2015,35(2):30,61.Zhang L.Research on progress and prospect of biological turntable wastewater treatment technology[J].Agriculture and Technology,2015,35(2):30,61.
[6]冯迪,王京城,姜彬慧,等.网状生物转盘-生物接触氧化法处理高浓度生活污水的实验研究[J].环境工程学报,2011,5(7):1502-1506.Feng D,Wang J C,Jiang B H,et al.Treatment of high concentration domestic wastewater by netlike rotating biological contactor&biological contact oxidation process[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2011,5(7):1502-1506.
[7]王晏山,张洪林.活性炭吸附和膜分离技术在水处理中的应用比较[J].北方环境,2004,(4):65-67.
[8]王丁明,曹国凭,贾云飞,等.活性炭吸附技术在水处理中的应用[J].北方环境,2011,(11):190-191.
[9]Zheng Z M,Obbard J P.Removal of surfactant solubilized polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by Phanerochaetechrysosporium in a rotating biological contactor reactor[J].Journal of Biotechnology,2002,96(3):241-249.
[10]Guimar2es C,Porto P,Oliveira R,et al.Continuous decolourization of a sugar refinery wastewater in a modified rotating biological contactor with Phanerochaetechrysosporium immobilized on polyurethane foam disks[J].Process Biochemistry,2005,40(2):535-540.
[11]国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法[M].(第四版).北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.
[12]张金莲,贺锋,梁威,等.Zn2+、Co2+和Mn2+对人工湿地基质生物膜的影响[J].中国环境科学,2008,28(2):158-162.Zhang J L,He F,Liang W,et al.Effects of Zn2+,Co2+and Mn2+on the substrate quality biofilms in the integrated verticalflow constructed wetland[J].China Environmental Science,2008,28(2):158-162.
[13]杨春雪.嗜热菌强化剩余污泥水解及短链脂肪酸积累规律研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2015.Yang C X.Enhanced effects of thermophiles on waste activated sludge hydrolysis and short-chain fatty acids production[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2015.
[14]Fr/olund B,Griebe T,Nielsen P H.Enzymatic activity in the activated-sludge floc matrix[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,1995,43(4):755-761.
[15]Ludwig T G,Goldberg H J V.The anthrone method for the determination of carbohydrates in foods and in oral rinsing[J].Journal of Dental Research,1956,35(1):90-94.
[16]蒋展鹏.环境工程学[M].(第二版).北京:高等教育出版社,2005.
[17]Fytianos K,Voudrias E,Kokkalis E.Sorption-desorption behaviour of 2,4-dichlorophenol by marine sediments[J].Chemosphere,2000,40(1):3-6.
[18]李彬,吕锡武,宁平,等.自回流生物转盘/植物滤床工艺处理农村生活污水[J].中国给水排水,2007,23(17):15-18.Li B,Lv X W,Ning P,et al.Combined process of selfcirculating rotating biological disk and aquatic plant filter bed for rural domestic wastewater treatment[J].China Water&Waste Water,2007,23(17):15-18.
[19]尹军,王建辉,王雪峰,等.污水生物除磷若干影响因素分析[J].环境工程学报,2007,1(4):6-11.Yin J,Wang J H,Wang X F,et al.Influencing factors of biological phosphorus removal in sewage treatment[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2007,1(4):6-11.
[20]陈洪波,王冬波,李小明,等.单级好氧生物除磷工艺处理生活污水[J].中国环境科学,2012,32(7):1203-1209.Chen H B,Wang D B,Li X M,et al.Biological phosphorus removal of domestic wastewater by single-stage oxic process[J].China Environmental Science,2012,32(7):1203-1209.
[21]王文东,马翠,刘荟,等.水力负荷对生物沉淀池污染物净化性能的影响特性[J].环境科学,2016,37(12):4727-4733.Wang W D,Ma C,Liu H,et al.Effects of hydraulic loading rate on the removal of pollutants from an integrated biological settling tank[J].Environmental Science,2016,37(12):4727-4733.
[22]宋冬,刘珊,何义亮,等.城市污水处理厂含铝污泥回流除磷分析[J].应用化工,2015,44(12):2301-2304.Song D,Liu S,He Y L,et al.Analysis of phosphorus removal by recycling of aluminum sludge in sewage treatment plant[J].Applied Chemical Industry,2015,44(12):2301-2304.
[23]Nielsen P H,Jahn A,Palmgren R.Conceptual model for production and composition of exopolymers in biofilms[J].Water Science and Technology,1997,36(1):11-19.
[24]Ramesh A,Lee D J,Hong S G.Soluble microbial products(SMP)and soluble extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)from wastewater sludge[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2006,73(1):219-225.
[25]曹秀芹,赵自玲.胞外聚合物(EPS)构成的影响因素分析[J].环境科学与技术,2010,33(S2):420-424,471.Cao X Q,Zhao Z L.Analysis of influencing factor on the component of extracellular polymeric substance(EPS)[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2010,33(S2):420-424,471.
[26]黄兴,孙宝盛,孙井梅,等.贫营养条件下EPS、SMP和微生物多样性的研究[J].环境科学,2009,30(5):1468-1474.Huang X,Sun B S,Sun J M,et al.EPS,SMP and microbial biodiversity under the oligotrophic environment[J].Environmental Science,2009,30(5):1468-1474.
[27]周健,栗静静,龙腾锐,等.胞外聚合物EPS在废水生物除磷中的作用[J].环境科学学报,2008,28(9):1758-1762.Zhou J,Li J J,Long T R,et al.Study on the action of extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)in biological phosphorus removal from wastewater[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2008,28(9):1758-1762.
[28]Sun J,Guo L,Li Q Q,et al.Structural and functional properties of organic matters in extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)and dissolved organic matters(DOM)after heat pretreatment with waste sludge[J].Bioresource Technology,2016,219:614-623.
[29]姚萌,罗红元,谢小青,等.城市污水厂活性污泥胞外聚合物的三维荧光特性分析[J].中国环境科学,2012,32(1):94-99.Yao M,Luo H Y,Xie X Q,et al.Three dimensional excitationemission florescence spectra of expolymer substances in activated sludge of WWTP[J].China Environmental Science,2012,32(1):94-99.
[30]李志华,刘毅,张芹,等.活性污泥胞外聚合物在污水处理过程中的荧光特性[J].环境工程学报,2015,9(7):3172-3176.Li Z H,Liu Y,Zhang Q,et al.Fluorescence characteristics of extracellular polymeric substances in activated sludge during wastewater treatment processes[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2015,9(7):3172-3176.
[31]Mopper K,Schultz C A.Fluorescence as a possible tool for studying the nature and water column distribution of DOC components[J].Marine Chemistry,1993,41(1-3):229-238.
[32]任保卫,赵卫红,王江涛,等.胶州湾围隔实验中溶解有机物三维荧光特征[J].环境科学,2007,28(4):712-718.Ren B W,Zhao W H,Wang J T,et al.Three-dimensional fluorescence characteristic of dissolved organic matter in marine mesocosm experiment in Jiaozhou Bay,China[J].Environmental Science,2007,28(4):712-718.
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