猛虾蛄卵巢发育特征及其纳精囊内容物超显微观察
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摘要
该研究收集了168尾雌性猛虾蛄(Harpiosquilla harpax)并逐一解剖,比较了不同个体猛虾蛄卵巢和纳精结构的发育特征,对乳白色纳精结构内容物进行了超显微观察。结果显示,猛虾蛄具成对的卵巢,位于围心窦和消化道之间,从头胸甲后部延伸至尾节。卵巢发育颜色变化为无色-灰黄色-土黄色-浅黄色-橘黄色,成熟的卵巢呈橘黄色或粉红色。性腺指数分别为1.62±0.53、2.73±0.44、3.82±0.48、6.84±1.04和11.63±2.11;雌性虾蛄第6、第7、第8胸节腹部有3条平行带,为储存精子的器官,其表观颜色也有变化(无色透明-浅白色浑浊-乳白色),性腺成熟度越高,纳精结构乳白色越明显。其内容物具集群状态的精子,群外被包膜,精子间充满丝状间质,精子近球形,无鞭毛,无顶体,大小为1～3μm。研究结果可为猛虾蛄的繁殖生物学和人工育苗研究提供参考依据。
We collected 168 female Harpiosquilla harpax and dissected them individually for a comparison of their developmental features of thelycum and ovary, and for ultramicroscopic observation of contents in the milky-white thelycum. The results show that the females had paired ovaries that lied between pericardial sinus and digestive tract, which extended from the back of the breastplate to the tail. The apparent color of ovary changed as follows: colorless-rayish yellow-earthy yellow-light yellow-orange, and the mature ovaries were orange or pink. The gonadosomatic index(GSI) were 1.62±0.53, 2.73±0.44, 3.82±0.48, 6.84±1.04 and11.63±2.11, respectively. The females had three parallel strips that were visible through the exoskeleton at the sixth, seventh, and eighth thoracic sternites, which were organs for sperm-storage, and the apparent colours of thelycum were changeable(colorless-transparent-light white-turbidity-milk white-dense). The more mature the ovary was, the heavier milk white of the thelycum became. Group of sperms with membranes had been observed in the thelycum contents which were filled with filamentous stroma. The shape of sperm was spherical but without flagellum and acrosome, size of 1～3 μm. The results provide references for further research on the reproductive biology and artificial breeding of H. harpax.
We collected 168 female Harpiosquilla harpax and dissected them individually for a comparison of their developmental features of thelycum and ovary, and for ultramicroscopic observation of contents in the milky-white thelycum. The results show that the females had paired ovaries that lied between pericardial sinus and digestive tract, which extended from the back of the breastplate to the tail. The apparent color of ovary changed as follows: colorless-rayish yellow-earthy yellow-light yellow-orange, and the mature ovaries were orange or pink. The gonadosomatic index(GSI) were 1.62±0.53, 2.73±0.44, 3.82±0.48, 6.84±1.04 and11.63±2.11, respectively. The females had three parallel strips that were visible through the exoskeleton at the sixth, seventh, and eighth thoracic sternites, which were organs for sperm-storage, and the apparent colours of thelycum were changeable(colorless-transparent-light white-turbidity-milk white-dense). The more mature the ovary was, the heavier milk white of the thelycum became. Group of sperms with membranes had been observed in the thelycum contents which were filled with filamentous stroma. The shape of sperm was spherical but without flagellum and acrosome, size of 1～3 μm. The results provide references for further research on the reproductive biology and artificial breeding of H. harpax.
引文
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[3]KODAMA K,SHIMIZU T,YAMAKAWA T,et al.Changes in reproductive patterns in relation to decline in stock abundance of the Japanese mantis shrimp Oratosquilla oratoria in Tokyo Bay[J].Fish Sci,2006,72:568-577.
[4]PRASAD D R,RAO P Y.Seasonal changes in the muscle biochemical composition of Harpiosquilla harpax(de Haan,1844)(Stomatopoda:Crustacea)represented in trawl net by-catches off Visakhapatnam,East Coast of India[J].J Chem Biol Phys Sci,2017,7(1):292-303.
[5]MULYONO M,MUFTI P,ABINAWANTO M P,et al.The development of gonad mantis shrimp Harpiosquilla raphidea Fabricius,1798 in Banten Bay,Indonesia[J].Int J Aquat Sci,2017,8(1):26-33.
[6]WARDIATNO Y,MASHAR A.Biological information on the mantis shrimp,Harpiosquilla raphidea(Fabricius 1798)(Stomatopoda,Crustacea)in Indonesia with a highlight of its reproductive aspects[J].J Trop Biol Conserv,2010,7:65-73.
[7]CALDWELL R L.Variation in reproductive behavior in stomatopod[C].New York:Columbia University Press,1991:67-90.
[8]EL-SHERIF S S,EL-KHODARY G M,GHONIM A Z.Ovarian cycle and scanning electron micrographs of the spawned egg of female mantis shrimp Oratosquilla massavensis(Alexandria,Egypt)[J].J Bas Appl Zool,2012,65:116-124.
[9]冯玉爱,张珍兰.广东湛江沿海口足类的初步报告[J].湛江水产学院学报,1995,15(1):21-32.
[10]刘瑞玉,王永良.南海虾蛄科及猛虾蛄科(甲壳动物口足目)二新种[J].海洋与湖沼,1998,29(6):588-596.
[11]YEDUKONDALA R P,RAJENDRA P D,RUKMINI S I,et al.Meat yield studies in Harpiosquilla harpax(de Haan,1844)and Oratosquilla anomala(Tweedie,1935)(Crustacea:Stomatopoda)represented in the shrimp trawl net by-catches off Visakhapatnam,East Coast of India[J].Eur J Exp Biol,2015,5(5):6-11.
[12]RAJENDRA P D,YEDUKONDALA R P.Studies on food and feeding habits of Harpiosquilla harpax(de Haan,1844)(Crustacea:Stomatopoda)represented in the shrimp trawl net by-catches off Visakhapatnam,East Coast of India[J].Int J Adv Res,2015,3(7):1578-1584.
[13]WARDIATNO Y,MASHAR A.Population dynamics of the Indonesian mantis shrimp,Harpiosquilla raphidea(Fabricius 1798)(Crustacea:Stomatopoda)collected from a mud flat in Kuala Tungkal,Jambi Province,Sumatera Island[J].Indonesian J Mar Sci,2011,16(2):111-118.
[14]MULYONO M,PATRIA1 M P,ABINAWANTO A,et al.Length-weight relationship and condition factor in giant harpiosquillid mantis shrimp,Harpiosquilla raphidea(Crustacea:Stomatopoda)in Banten Bay waters,Indonesia[J].Int J Aquat Biol,2013,1(4):185-187.
[15]ANTONY P J,RAHMAN M M,RAJKUMAR M,et al.Relative growth of Harpiosquilla raphidea(Fabricius,1798)(Crustacea:Stomatopoda)male and female populations[J].Sains Malaysiana,2014,43(9):1305-1310.
[16]ARSHAD A,SOFEA T,ZAMRI Z,et al.Population dynamics of mantis shrimp,Harpiosquilla harpax in the coastal waters of Pantai Remis,Perak,Peninsular Malaysia[J].Iran J Fish Sci,2015,14(1):15-26.
[17]MULYONO M,PATRIA M P,ABINAWANTO A,et al.Growth aspects of giant mantis shrimp Harpiosquilla raphidea Fabricius,1798 Banten Bay Waters,Banten Province[J].Int J Mar Sci,2016,6(32):1-14.
[18]薛梅,闫红伟,刘海映,等.大连市皮口海域口虾蛄群体繁殖生物学特征初步研究[J].大连海洋大学学报,2016,31(3):237-245.
[19]KODAMA K,SHIRAISHI H,MORITA M A.Reproductive biology of the Japanese mantis shrimp Oratosquilla oratoria(Crustacea Stomatopoda):annual cycle of gonadal development and copulation[J].Mar Biol Res,2009,5(5):415-426.
[20]山崎诚,富士昭.シヤコOratosquilla oratoria(de Huan)の生殖周期の研究[J].西海区水产研究报告,1988(57):86-98.
[21]邓景耀,程济生.渤海虾蛄渔业生物学研究[C]//甲壳动物学论文集.青岛:青岛海洋大学出版社,1992:36-44.
[22]堵南山.甲壳动物学(下册)[M].北京:科学出版社,1993:384-386.
[23]吴桂荣,颜云榕,卢伙胜,等.北部湾猛虾蛄生物学特性与渔业资源时空分布[C]//2012年中国水产学会学术年会论文集.北京:海洋出版社,2012:215-215.
[24]吴长功,周令华,相建海,等.鹰爪虾与中国对虾雌虾纳精囊的形态结构[J].水产学报,1999,23(3):223-228.
[25]蒋霞敏,王春琳,赵青松,等.黑斑口虾蛄繁殖生物学的研究[J].华东师范大学学报(自然科学版),2000,12:19-24.
[26]JENNIFER L,WORTHAM-NEAL W.Reproductive morphology and biology of male and female mantis shrimp(Stomatopoda:Squillidae)[J].J Crust Biol,2002,4(22):728-741.
[27]宣富君,管卫兵,戴小杰,等.东海三疣梭子蟹纳精囊形态结构与内含物的变化[J].动物学杂志,2009,44(2):1-11.
[28]成永旭,李少菁,王桂忠.锯缘青蟹排卵后纳精囊及其内部精子的超微结构[J].上海水产大学学报,2000,9(1):69-71.
[29]王春琳,朱冬发,蒋霞敏,等.黑斑口虾蛄雄性生殖系统的组织学与超微结构[J].水产学报,2002,26(5):403-410.
[30]王文琪,杨敬昆,徐世宏,等.3种对虾精子超低温冷冻保存技术研究[J].海洋科学,2017,41(9):81-86.
[31]ALFARO J,MUNOZ N,VARGAS M,et al.Induction of sperm activation in open and closed thelycum penaeoid shrimps[J].Aquaculture,2003,216(1/2/3/4):371-381.
[32]AUNGSUCHAWAN S,BROWDY C L,WITHYACHUMNA-RNKUL B.Sperm capacitation of the shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei[J].Aquacult Res,2011,42(2):188-195.
[33]管卫兵,王桂忠,李少菁,等.锯缘青蟹纳精囊精子顶体酶活力研究[J].海洋通报,2005,24(6):87-91.
[34]PONGTIPPATEE P,VANICHVIRIYAKIT R,CHAVADEJ J,et al.Acrosome reaction in the sperm of the black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon(Decapoda,Penaeidae)[J].Aquacult Res,2007,38:1635-1644.
[35]王春琳,蒋霞敏,赵青松,等.黑斑口虾蛄的卵巢组织学研究[J].动物学杂志,2001,36(4):6-9.
[36]蒋霞敏,王春琳,赵青松,等.黑斑口虾蛄育苗技术研究[J].海洋科学,2000,24(5):17-20.
[37]WEN W G,YANG Q B,MA Z H,et al.Comparison of ovarian maturation and spawning after unilateral eyestalk ablation of wildcaught and pond-reared Penaeus monodon[J].Span J Agric Res,2015,13(3):1-6.
[2]YAN Y R,ZHANG Y Y,WU G R,et al.Seasonal feeding habits,reproduction,and distribution of Harpiosquilla harpax(Stomatopoda:Harpiosquillidae)in the Beibu Gulf,South China Sea[J].JCrust Biol,2015,35(6):776-784.
[3]KODAMA K,SHIMIZU T,YAMAKAWA T,et al.Changes in reproductive patterns in relation to decline in stock abundance of the Japanese mantis shrimp Oratosquilla oratoria in Tokyo Bay[J].Fish Sci,2006,72:568-577.
[4]PRASAD D R,RAO P Y.Seasonal changes in the muscle biochemical composition of Harpiosquilla harpax(de Haan,1844)(Stomatopoda:Crustacea)represented in trawl net by-catches off Visakhapatnam,East Coast of India[J].J Chem Biol Phys Sci,2017,7(1):292-303.
[5]MULYONO M,MUFTI P,ABINAWANTO M P,et al.The development of gonad mantis shrimp Harpiosquilla raphidea Fabricius,1798 in Banten Bay,Indonesia[J].Int J Aquat Sci,2017,8(1):26-33.
[6]WARDIATNO Y,MASHAR A.Biological information on the mantis shrimp,Harpiosquilla raphidea(Fabricius 1798)(Stomatopoda,Crustacea)in Indonesia with a highlight of its reproductive aspects[J].J Trop Biol Conserv,2010,7:65-73.
[7]CALDWELL R L.Variation in reproductive behavior in stomatopod[C].New York:Columbia University Press,1991:67-90.
[8]EL-SHERIF S S,EL-KHODARY G M,GHONIM A Z.Ovarian cycle and scanning electron micrographs of the spawned egg of female mantis shrimp Oratosquilla massavensis(Alexandria,Egypt)[J].J Bas Appl Zool,2012,65:116-124.
[9]冯玉爱,张珍兰.广东湛江沿海口足类的初步报告[J].湛江水产学院学报,1995,15(1):21-32.
[10]刘瑞玉,王永良.南海虾蛄科及猛虾蛄科(甲壳动物口足目)二新种[J].海洋与湖沼,1998,29(6):588-596.
[11]YEDUKONDALA R P,RAJENDRA P D,RUKMINI S I,et al.Meat yield studies in Harpiosquilla harpax(de Haan,1844)and Oratosquilla anomala(Tweedie,1935)(Crustacea:Stomatopoda)represented in the shrimp trawl net by-catches off Visakhapatnam,East Coast of India[J].Eur J Exp Biol,2015,5(5):6-11.
[12]RAJENDRA P D,YEDUKONDALA R P.Studies on food and feeding habits of Harpiosquilla harpax(de Haan,1844)(Crustacea:Stomatopoda)represented in the shrimp trawl net by-catches off Visakhapatnam,East Coast of India[J].Int J Adv Res,2015,3(7):1578-1584.
[13]WARDIATNO Y,MASHAR A.Population dynamics of the Indonesian mantis shrimp,Harpiosquilla raphidea(Fabricius 1798)(Crustacea:Stomatopoda)collected from a mud flat in Kuala Tungkal,Jambi Province,Sumatera Island[J].Indonesian J Mar Sci,2011,16(2):111-118.
[14]MULYONO M,PATRIA1 M P,ABINAWANTO A,et al.Length-weight relationship and condition factor in giant harpiosquillid mantis shrimp,Harpiosquilla raphidea(Crustacea:Stomatopoda)in Banten Bay waters,Indonesia[J].Int J Aquat Biol,2013,1(4):185-187.
[15]ANTONY P J,RAHMAN M M,RAJKUMAR M,et al.Relative growth of Harpiosquilla raphidea(Fabricius,1798)(Crustacea:Stomatopoda)male and female populations[J].Sains Malaysiana,2014,43(9):1305-1310.
[16]ARSHAD A,SOFEA T,ZAMRI Z,et al.Population dynamics of mantis shrimp,Harpiosquilla harpax in the coastal waters of Pantai Remis,Perak,Peninsular Malaysia[J].Iran J Fish Sci,2015,14(1):15-26.
[17]MULYONO M,PATRIA M P,ABINAWANTO A,et al.Growth aspects of giant mantis shrimp Harpiosquilla raphidea Fabricius,1798 Banten Bay Waters,Banten Province[J].Int J Mar Sci,2016,6(32):1-14.
[18]薛梅,闫红伟,刘海映,等.大连市皮口海域口虾蛄群体繁殖生物学特征初步研究[J].大连海洋大学学报,2016,31(3):237-245.
[19]KODAMA K,SHIRAISHI H,MORITA M A.Reproductive biology of the Japanese mantis shrimp Oratosquilla oratoria(Crustacea Stomatopoda):annual cycle of gonadal development and copulation[J].Mar Biol Res,2009,5(5):415-426.
[20]山崎诚,富士昭.シヤコOratosquilla oratoria(de Huan)の生殖周期の研究[J].西海区水产研究报告,1988(57):86-98.
[21]邓景耀,程济生.渤海虾蛄渔业生物学研究[C]//甲壳动物学论文集.青岛:青岛海洋大学出版社,1992:36-44.
[22]堵南山.甲壳动物学(下册)[M].北京:科学出版社,1993:384-386.
[23]吴桂荣,颜云榕,卢伙胜,等.北部湾猛虾蛄生物学特性与渔业资源时空分布[C]//2012年中国水产学会学术年会论文集.北京:海洋出版社,2012:215-215.
[24]吴长功,周令华,相建海,等.鹰爪虾与中国对虾雌虾纳精囊的形态结构[J].水产学报,1999,23(3):223-228.
[25]蒋霞敏,王春琳,赵青松,等.黑斑口虾蛄繁殖生物学的研究[J].华东师范大学学报(自然科学版),2000,12:19-24.
[26]JENNIFER L,WORTHAM-NEAL W.Reproductive morphology and biology of male and female mantis shrimp(Stomatopoda:Squillidae)[J].J Crust Biol,2002,4(22):728-741.
[27]宣富君,管卫兵,戴小杰,等.东海三疣梭子蟹纳精囊形态结构与内含物的变化[J].动物学杂志,2009,44(2):1-11.
[28]成永旭,李少菁,王桂忠.锯缘青蟹排卵后纳精囊及其内部精子的超微结构[J].上海水产大学学报,2000,9(1):69-71.
[29]王春琳,朱冬发,蒋霞敏,等.黑斑口虾蛄雄性生殖系统的组织学与超微结构[J].水产学报,2002,26(5):403-410.
[30]王文琪,杨敬昆,徐世宏,等.3种对虾精子超低温冷冻保存技术研究[J].海洋科学,2017,41(9):81-86.
[31]ALFARO J,MUNOZ N,VARGAS M,et al.Induction of sperm activation in open and closed thelycum penaeoid shrimps[J].Aquaculture,2003,216(1/2/3/4):371-381.
[32]AUNGSUCHAWAN S,BROWDY C L,WITHYACHUMNA-RNKUL B.Sperm capacitation of the shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei[J].Aquacult Res,2011,42(2):188-195.
[33]管卫兵,王桂忠,李少菁,等.锯缘青蟹纳精囊精子顶体酶活力研究[J].海洋通报,2005,24(6):87-91.
[34]PONGTIPPATEE P,VANICHVIRIYAKIT R,CHAVADEJ J,et al.Acrosome reaction in the sperm of the black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon(Decapoda,Penaeidae)[J].Aquacult Res,2007,38:1635-1644.
[35]王春琳,蒋霞敏,赵青松,等.黑斑口虾蛄的卵巢组织学研究[J].动物学杂志,2001,36(4):6-9.
[36]蒋霞敏,王春琳,赵青松,等.黑斑口虾蛄育苗技术研究[J].海洋科学,2000,24(5):17-20.
[37]WEN W G,YANG Q B,MA Z H,et al.Comparison of ovarian maturation and spawning after unilateral eyestalk ablation of wildcaught and pond-reared Penaeus monodon[J].Span J Agric Res,2015,13(3):1-6.