杜仲种质资源果实主要数量性状变异及概率分级
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摘要
为更好对杜仲种质资源果实进行评价及描述,丰富数量化、规范化的杜仲种质资源描述系统。本研究以331份杜仲种质资源为材料,对杜仲果实18个主要数量性状进行统计分析和概率分级。结果显示:杜仲果实数量性状变异较为丰富,硬脂酸变异系数最大,为17. 88%,其次是种仁大小指数(17. 17%),亚麻酸变异系数最小,为4. 64%。经K-S检验,除种仁横径和种仁大小指数Sig值小于0. 05外,其余性状均大于0. 05,符合正态分布。种仁横径和种仁大小指数呈偏态分布,去除拖尾部分,也近似看作正态分布。对符合正态分布的数量性状统一用(X-1. 2818S)、(X-0. 5246S)、(X+0. 5246S)、(X+1. 2818S) 4个点分为5级,使1～5级出现的概率分别为10%、20%、40%、20%和10%。本研究初步建立了杜仲种质资源果实数量性状概率分级指标体系,对杜仲种质资源果实性状评价、利用及良种选育具有一定指导意义,同时为我国杜仲种质资源果实性状描述规范和数据标准化的建立提供参考。
To make better evaluation of Eucommia ulmoides fruits,enrich the content of quantitative and normalized E. ulmoides germplasm descriptor system,we collected 331 samples of Eucommia germplasm and studied 18 fruits quantitative traits by statistical analysis and probability grading. The large variation present in E. ulmoides fruit quantitative characters,and the highest occurred in stearic acid content (17. 88%),followed by seed size index (17. 17%),and the smallest occurred in linolenic acid content (4. 64%). K-S test showed that 16 fruit quantitative traits conformed to the normal distribution with the significance value higher than 0. 05,except seed horizontal diameter and seed size index. Seed horizontal diameter and seed size index that followed skewed distribution could be regarded and treated as those conforming to normal distribution. Eighteen quantitative traits that conformed to the normal distribution could be divided into 5 grades by 4 dividing points including X-1. 2818 S,X-0. 5246 S,X + 0. 5246 S and X + 1. 2818 S. An index system of probability grading for 18 quantitative traits was built,which could provide reference for evaluation,utilization and breeding programm of E. ulmoides resources,and it could provide a reference for specification and data standardization of E. ulmoides fruits descriptor system.
To make better evaluation of Eucommia ulmoides fruits,enrich the content of quantitative and normalized E. ulmoides germplasm descriptor system,we collected 331 samples of Eucommia germplasm and studied 18 fruits quantitative traits by statistical analysis and probability grading. The large variation present in E. ulmoides fruit quantitative characters,and the highest occurred in stearic acid content (17. 88%),followed by seed size index (17. 17%),and the smallest occurred in linolenic acid content (4. 64%). K-S test showed that 16 fruit quantitative traits conformed to the normal distribution with the significance value higher than 0. 05,except seed horizontal diameter and seed size index. Seed horizontal diameter and seed size index that followed skewed distribution could be regarded and treated as those conforming to normal distribution. Eighteen quantitative traits that conformed to the normal distribution could be divided into 5 grades by 4 dividing points including X-1. 2818 S,X-0. 5246 S,X + 0. 5246 S and X + 1. 2818 S. An index system of probability grading for 18 quantitative traits was built,which could provide reference for evaluation,utilization and breeding programm of E. ulmoides resources,and it could provide a reference for specification and data standardization of E. ulmoides fruits descriptor system.
引文
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12.陈影,唐杰,彭卫红,等.梯棱羊肚菌种质资源数量性状变异及概率分级[J].食用菌学报,2017,24(1):27-32.Chen Y,Tang J,Peng W H,et al.Variation and probability grading of six quantitative traits associated with Morchella importuna fruit bodies[J].Acta Edulis Fungi,2017,24(1):27-32.
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14.徐燕茹,张京京,李钦.杜仲籽中主要脂肪酸积累过程研究[J].中国中药学杂志,2016,51(19):1648-1651.Xu Y R,Zhang J J,Li Q.Research on the accumulation process of main fatty acids in Eucommia seeds[J].Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal,2016,51(19):1648-1651.
15.雒新艳,宋雪彬,戴思兰.中国传统大菊品种数量性状变异及其概率分级[J].北京林业大学学报,2016,38(1):101-111.Luo X Y,Song X S,Dai S L.Variation and probability grading of quantitative characters of traditional chrysanthemum cultivars[J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2016,38(1):101-111.
16.蒲光兰,肖千文,蔡利娟,等.四川核桃种质资源坚果的数量性状变异及概率分级[J].湖南农业大学学报:自然科学版,2015,41(6):647-650.Pu G L,Xiao Q W,Cai L J,et al.Variation and probability grading of main quantitative traits of walnut(Juglans regia L.)germplasm resources[J].Journal of Hunan Agricultural University:Natural Sciences,2015,41(6):647-650.
17.马小河,赵旗峰,董志刚,等.鲜食葡萄品种资源果实数量性状变异及概率分级[J].植物遗传资源学报,2013,14(6):1185-1189.Ma X H,Zhao Q F,Dong Z G,et al.Variation and probability grading of main quantitative traits of table grape resources[J].Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,2013,14(6):1185-1189.
2.杜红岩,李钦,赫锦锦,等.不同变异类型杜仲皮中几种主要活性成分含量的比较[J].林业科学研究,2011,24(2):230-233.Du H Y,Li Q,He J J,et al.Comparison of the main active components contents in barks of different variance-types of Eucommia ulmoides[J].Forest Research,2011,24(2):230-233.
3.杜红岩,杜兰英,李芳东,等.杜仲果实含胶特性的个体变异规律[J].林业科学研究,2004,17(6):706-710.Du H Y,Du L Y,Li F D,et al.Individual variation of gutta-percha content in samaras of Eucommia ulmoides[J].Forest Research,2004,17(6):706-710.
4.杜红岩,胡文臻,俞锐,等.杜仲产业绿皮书:中国杜仲橡胶资源与产业发展报告(2014~2015)[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2015:170-174.Du H Y,Hu W Z,Yu R,et al.Green book of Eucommia industry:the report on development of China’s Eucommia rubber resources and industry(2014~2015)[M].Beijing:Social Sciences Academic Press,2015:170-174.
5.景士西.关于编制我国果树种质资源评价系统若干问题的商榷[J].园艺学报,1993,20(4):353-357.Jing S X.On some problems concerned with compiling the descriptors of fruit germplasm in China[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,1993,20(4):353-357.
6.李玉发,郝彩环,李淑芳,等.玉米新品种DUS测试主要数量性状的变异及概率分布的研究[J].吉林农业科学,2009,34(6):23-25,28.Li Y F,Hao C H,Li S F,et al.Studies on the variation and probability distribution of main quantitative characteristics in DUS testing of the new Maize varieties[J].Journal of Jilin Agricultural Sciences,2009,34(6):23-25,28.
7.朗彬彬,朱博,谢敏,等.野生毛花猕猴桃种质资源主要数量性状变异分析及评价指标探讨[J].果树学报,2016,33(1):8-15.Lang B B,Zhu B,Xie M,et al.Variation and probability grading of the main quantitative characteristics of wild Actinidia eriantha germplasm resources[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2016,33(1):8-15.
8.刘孟军.枣树数量性状的概率分级研究[J].园艺学报,1996,23(2):105-109.Liu M J.Studies on the variations and probability gradings of major quantitative characters of Chinese jujube[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,1996,23(2):105-109.
9.尚建立,王吉明,郭琳琳,等.西瓜种质资源若干数量性状的评价指标探讨[J].果树学报,2011,28(3):479-484.Shang J L,Wang J M,Guo L L,et al.Evaluating criteria of some quantitative characteristics of watermelon genetic resources[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2011,28(3):479-484.
10.杨雷,杨莉,李莉,等.草莓种质资源果实主要数量性状变异及概率分级[J].西南农业学报,2007,20(5):1067-1069.Yang L,Yang L,Li L,et al.Variation and probability grading of main quantitative characters of fruit in strawberry germplasm resource[J].Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2007,20(5):1067-1069.
11.李京璟,梁丽松,王贵禧,等.平榛种质资源坚果主要数量性状评价与分级研究[J].塔里木大学学报,2016,28(3):96-102.Li J J,Liang L S,Wang G X,et al.Evaluation and probability grading of main nut quantitative traits of Corylus heterophylla Fisch[J].Journal of Tarim University,2016,28(3):96-102.
12.陈影,唐杰,彭卫红,等.梯棱羊肚菌种质资源数量性状变异及概率分级[J].食用菌学报,2017,24(1):27-32.Chen Y,Tang J,Peng W H,et al.Variation and probability grading of six quantitative traits associated with Morchella importuna fruit bodies[J].Acta Edulis Fungi,2017,24(1):27-32.
13.魏艳秀.杜仲主要活性成分和杜仲橡胶的变异性研究[D].北京:中国林业科学研究院,2016.Wei Y X.Study on variation of main active components and rubber content in Eucommia ulmoides[D].Beijing:Chinese Academy of Forestry,2016.
14.徐燕茹,张京京,李钦.杜仲籽中主要脂肪酸积累过程研究[J].中国中药学杂志,2016,51(19):1648-1651.Xu Y R,Zhang J J,Li Q.Research on the accumulation process of main fatty acids in Eucommia seeds[J].Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal,2016,51(19):1648-1651.
15.雒新艳,宋雪彬,戴思兰.中国传统大菊品种数量性状变异及其概率分级[J].北京林业大学学报,2016,38(1):101-111.Luo X Y,Song X S,Dai S L.Variation and probability grading of quantitative characters of traditional chrysanthemum cultivars[J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2016,38(1):101-111.
16.蒲光兰,肖千文,蔡利娟,等.四川核桃种质资源坚果的数量性状变异及概率分级[J].湖南农业大学学报:自然科学版,2015,41(6):647-650.Pu G L,Xiao Q W,Cai L J,et al.Variation and probability grading of main quantitative traits of walnut(Juglans regia L.)germplasm resources[J].Journal of Hunan Agricultural University:Natural Sciences,2015,41(6):647-650.
17.马小河,赵旗峰,董志刚,等.鲜食葡萄品种资源果实数量性状变异及概率分级[J].植物遗传资源学报,2013,14(6):1185-1189.Ma X H,Zhao Q F,Dong Z G,et al.Variation and probability grading of main quantitative traits of table grape resources[J].Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,2013,14(6):1185-1189.