不同品种花生耐盐性及Na~+吸收动力学特性
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摘要
为了探究不同品种花生(花育20、花育25和花育36)幼苗的Na~+吸收动力学特性与耐盐性的关系,采用水培试验,研究了不同盐胁迫浓度下,不同花生品种幼苗的干物质积累变化、Na~+吸收动力学特性、Na~+吸收速率、Na~+排斥率与其耐盐性的关系。结果表明:花生对Na~+的吸收可分为高亲和、低亲和2个吸收阶段。低盐胁迫下,花生的Na~+亲和力常数(K_m)小,选择性强,Na~+排斥率平均值在85%左右;在高盐胁迫环境下为低亲和系统,K_m值大,Na~+最大吸收速率(V_(max))大,同时其排斥率较低。低盐胁迫下,花育20、花育25和花育36对Na~+的吸收速率较小,排斥率较高,Na~+积累慢,盐害轻;高盐胁迫下,花育20的Na~+吸收速率高于花育25和花育36,而Na~+排斥率低于花育25和花育36。因此高盐胁迫下,较高的Na~+吸收速率和较低的Na~+排斥率可能是花育20耐盐性弱于花育25和花育36的主要原因。
In order to explore the relationship between Na~+ uptake dynamics and salt tolerance in different peanut varieties( HY20,HY25 and HY36),this paper carried out hydroponic experiments to investigate the relationship between dry matter accumulation,Na~+ uptake dynamics,Na~+ absorption rate,Na~+ rejection rate and salt tolerance of different peanut seedlings under different salt stress concentrations. The results showed that Na~+ uptake dynamics in peanut could be divided into 2 absorption phases: high affinity and low affinity. Under low salt stress,peanut Na~+ affinity constant( K_m) was small,and the mean value of Na~+ exclusion rate was about 85%. Under high-salt stress environment,the K_m value and Na~+ maximum absorption rate( V_(max)) was large,and Na~+ rejection rate was low.Under low salt stress,the absorption rates of Na~+in HY20,HY25 and HY36 were all small,while Na~+exclusion rate was high with slow Na~+ accumulation,so the salt stress was less harmful. Under high salt stress,the Na~+absorption rate of HY20 was higher than that of HY25 and HY36. But the Na~+exclusion rate in HY20 was lower than that in HY25 and HY36. Therefore,under high salt stress,high Na~+absorption rate and lower Na~+exclusion rate might bethe main reason for the salt tolerance in HY20 was weaker than that of HY25 and HY36.
In order to explore the relationship between Na~+ uptake dynamics and salt tolerance in different peanut varieties( HY20,HY25 and HY36),this paper carried out hydroponic experiments to investigate the relationship between dry matter accumulation,Na~+ uptake dynamics,Na~+ absorption rate,Na~+ rejection rate and salt tolerance of different peanut seedlings under different salt stress concentrations. The results showed that Na~+ uptake dynamics in peanut could be divided into 2 absorption phases: high affinity and low affinity. Under low salt stress,peanut Na~+ affinity constant( K_m) was small,and the mean value of Na~+ exclusion rate was about 85%. Under high-salt stress environment,the K_m value and Na~+ maximum absorption rate( V_(max)) was large,and Na~+ rejection rate was low.Under low salt stress,the absorption rates of Na~+in HY20,HY25 and HY36 were all small,while Na~+exclusion rate was high with slow Na~+ accumulation,so the salt stress was less harmful. Under high salt stress,the Na~+absorption rate of HY20 was higher than that of HY25 and HY36. But the Na~+exclusion rate in HY20 was lower than that in HY25 and HY36. Therefore,under high salt stress,high Na~+absorption rate and lower Na~+exclusion rate might bethe main reason for the salt tolerance in HY20 was weaker than that of HY25 and HY36.
引文
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[8]孟德云,侯林琳,杨莎,等.外源多胺对盆栽花生盐胁迫的缓解作用[J].植物生态学报,2015,39(12):1209-1215.Meng D Y,Hou L L,Yang S,et al..Exogenous polyamines alleviating salt stress on peanuts(Arachis hypogaea)grown in pots[J].Chin.J.Plant Ecol.,2015,39(12):1209-1215.
[9]李瀚,杨吉顺,张冠初,等.花生品种萌发期耐盐性比较鉴定[J].花生学报,2015,44(4):48-52,57.Li H,Yang J S,Zhang G C,et al..Identification of salt tolerance in germination period of peanut varieties[J].J.Peanut Sci.,2015,44(4):48-52,57.
[10]李青松,周春菊,尚浩博,等.盐胁迫下蒸腾对冬小麦地上部钠积累的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2009,15(1):32-40.Li Q S,Zhou C J,Shang H B,et al..Effects of transpiration on sodium accumulation in the shoots of winter wheat under salt stress[J].Plant Nutr.Fertil.Sci.,2009,15(1):32-40.
[11]王宝山,赵可夫.小麦叶片中Na、K提取方法的比较[J].植物生理学通讯,1995(1):50-52.Wang B S,Zhao K F,Comparison of extraction methods of Na and K in wheat leaves[J].Plant Physiol.J.,1995(1):50-52.
[12]蒋廷惠,郑绍建,石锦芹,等.植物吸收养分动力学研究中的几个问题[J].植物营养与肥料学报,1995(2):11-17.Jiang T H,Zheng S J,Shi J Q,et al..Several problems in the study of plant nutrient absorption dynamics[J].Plant Nutr.Fertil.Sci.,1995(2):11-17.
[13]李青松,王俪梅,汪德勇,等.不同基因型冬小麦Na+吸收动力学特征及其耐盐性[J].土壤学报,2010,47(1):145-152.Li Q S,Wang L M,Wang D Y,et al..Dynamics of sodium uptake of winter wheat different in genotype and their sal tolerance[J].Acta Pedol.Sin.,2010,47(1):145-152.
[14]Epstein E,Hagen C E.A kinetic study of the absorption o alkali cations by barley roots[J].Plant Physiol.,1952,27(3):457.
[15]Unekawa M,Ikeda K,Tomita Y,et al..Enhanced susceptibility to cortical spreading depression in two types o Na+,K+-ATPaseα2 subunit-deficient mice as a model o familial hemiplegic migraine 2[J].Cephalalgia,2017,doi:10.1177/0333102417738249.
[16]Maathuis F J M,Amtmann A.K+nutrition and Na+toxicity:The basis of cellular K+/Na+ratios[J].Ann.Bot.,1999,84(2):123-133.
[17]Ismail A M,Horie T.Genomics,physiology,and molecular breeding approaches for improving salt tolerance[J].Annu.Rev.Plant Biol.,2017,68(1):405.
[18]Garcia A,Rizzo C A,Bartos S,et al..Sodium and potassium transport to the xylem are inherited independently in rice,and the mechanism of sodium:Potassium selectivity differs between rice and wheat[J].Plant Cell Environ.,1997,20(9):1167-1174.
[19]Zeng A,Chen P,Korth K,et al..Genome-wide association study(GWAS)of salt tolerance in worldwide soybean germplasm lines[J].Mol.Breed.,2017,37(3):30.
[20]Chinnusamy V,Zhu J,Zhu J K.Salt stress signaling and mechanisms of plant salt tolerance[A].In:Setlow J K.Genetic Engineering:Principles and Methods[M].New York:Springer-Verlag,2006.
[21]沈一,刘永惠,陈志德,等.花生幼苗期耐盐品种的筛选与评价[J].花生学报,2012,41(1):10-15.Shen Y,Liu Y H,Chen Z D,et al..Selection and evaluation of peanut varieties based on seedling salt tolerance[J].J.Peanut Sci.,2012,41(1):10-15.
[22]Stelzer R,Kuo J,Koyro H W.Substitution of Na+by K+in tissues and root vacuoles of barley(Hordeum vulgare L.cv.Aramir)[J].J.Plant Physiol.,1988,132(6):671-677.
[2]Zhu J K.Salt and drought stress signal transduction in plants[J].Annu.Rev.Plant Biol.,2002,53:247-273.
[3]Takahashi R,Nishio T,Ichizen N,et al..Cloning and functional analysis of the K+transporter,PhaHAK2,from saltsensitive and salt-tolerant reed plants[J].Biotechnol.Lett.,2007,29(3):501-506.
[4]王宁,杨杰,黄群,等.盐胁迫下棉花K+和Na+离子转运的耐盐性生理机制[J].棉花学报,2015,27(3):208-215.Wang N,Yang J,Huang Q,et al..Physiological salinity tolerance mechanism for transport of K+and Na+ions in cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)seedlings under salt stress[J].Cotton Sci.,2015,27(3):208-215.
[5]张智猛,慈敦伟,丁红,等.花生品种耐盐性指标筛选与综合评价[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(12):3487-3494.Zhang Z M,Ci D W,Ding H,et al..Indices selection and comprehensive evaluation of salinity tolerance for peanut varieties[J].Chin.J.Appl.Ecol.,2013,24(12):3487-3494.
[6]慈敦伟,戴良香,宋文武,等.花生萌发至苗期耐盐胁迫的基因型差异[J].植物生态学报,2013,37(11):1018-1027.Ci D W,Dai L X,Song W W,et al..Genotypic differences in salt tolerance from germination to seedling stage in peanut[J].Chin.J.Plant Ecol.,2013,37(11):1018-1027.
[7]张智猛,戴良香,慈敦伟,等.种植密度和播种方式对盐碱地花生生长发育、产量及品质的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2016,24(10):1328-1338.Zhang Z M,Dai L X,Ci D W,et al..Effects of planting density and sowing method on growth,development,yield and quality of peanut in saline alkali land[J].Chin.J.EcoAgric.,2016,24(10):1328-1338.
[8]孟德云,侯林琳,杨莎,等.外源多胺对盆栽花生盐胁迫的缓解作用[J].植物生态学报,2015,39(12):1209-1215.Meng D Y,Hou L L,Yang S,et al..Exogenous polyamines alleviating salt stress on peanuts(Arachis hypogaea)grown in pots[J].Chin.J.Plant Ecol.,2015,39(12):1209-1215.
[9]李瀚,杨吉顺,张冠初,等.花生品种萌发期耐盐性比较鉴定[J].花生学报,2015,44(4):48-52,57.Li H,Yang J S,Zhang G C,et al..Identification of salt tolerance in germination period of peanut varieties[J].J.Peanut Sci.,2015,44(4):48-52,57.
[10]李青松,周春菊,尚浩博,等.盐胁迫下蒸腾对冬小麦地上部钠积累的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2009,15(1):32-40.Li Q S,Zhou C J,Shang H B,et al..Effects of transpiration on sodium accumulation in the shoots of winter wheat under salt stress[J].Plant Nutr.Fertil.Sci.,2009,15(1):32-40.
[11]王宝山,赵可夫.小麦叶片中Na、K提取方法的比较[J].植物生理学通讯,1995(1):50-52.Wang B S,Zhao K F,Comparison of extraction methods of Na and K in wheat leaves[J].Plant Physiol.J.,1995(1):50-52.
[12]蒋廷惠,郑绍建,石锦芹,等.植物吸收养分动力学研究中的几个问题[J].植物营养与肥料学报,1995(2):11-17.Jiang T H,Zheng S J,Shi J Q,et al..Several problems in the study of plant nutrient absorption dynamics[J].Plant Nutr.Fertil.Sci.,1995(2):11-17.
[13]李青松,王俪梅,汪德勇,等.不同基因型冬小麦Na+吸收动力学特征及其耐盐性[J].土壤学报,2010,47(1):145-152.Li Q S,Wang L M,Wang D Y,et al..Dynamics of sodium uptake of winter wheat different in genotype and their sal tolerance[J].Acta Pedol.Sin.,2010,47(1):145-152.
[14]Epstein E,Hagen C E.A kinetic study of the absorption o alkali cations by barley roots[J].Plant Physiol.,1952,27(3):457.
[15]Unekawa M,Ikeda K,Tomita Y,et al..Enhanced susceptibility to cortical spreading depression in two types o Na+,K+-ATPaseα2 subunit-deficient mice as a model o familial hemiplegic migraine 2[J].Cephalalgia,2017,doi:10.1177/0333102417738249.
[16]Maathuis F J M,Amtmann A.K+nutrition and Na+toxicity:The basis of cellular K+/Na+ratios[J].Ann.Bot.,1999,84(2):123-133.
[17]Ismail A M,Horie T.Genomics,physiology,and molecular breeding approaches for improving salt tolerance[J].Annu.Rev.Plant Biol.,2017,68(1):405.
[18]Garcia A,Rizzo C A,Bartos S,et al..Sodium and potassium transport to the xylem are inherited independently in rice,and the mechanism of sodium:Potassium selectivity differs between rice and wheat[J].Plant Cell Environ.,1997,20(9):1167-1174.
[19]Zeng A,Chen P,Korth K,et al..Genome-wide association study(GWAS)of salt tolerance in worldwide soybean germplasm lines[J].Mol.Breed.,2017,37(3):30.
[20]Chinnusamy V,Zhu J,Zhu J K.Salt stress signaling and mechanisms of plant salt tolerance[A].In:Setlow J K.Genetic Engineering:Principles and Methods[M].New York:Springer-Verlag,2006.
[21]沈一,刘永惠,陈志德,等.花生幼苗期耐盐品种的筛选与评价[J].花生学报,2012,41(1):10-15.Shen Y,Liu Y H,Chen Z D,et al..Selection and evaluation of peanut varieties based on seedling salt tolerance[J].J.Peanut Sci.,2012,41(1):10-15.
[22]Stelzer R,Kuo J,Koyro H W.Substitution of Na+by K+in tissues and root vacuoles of barley(Hordeum vulgare L.cv.Aramir)[J].J.Plant Physiol.,1988,132(6):671-677.