浇注温度对液-固轧制A356/6082复合板界面组织及力学性能的影响
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摘要
采用液-固轧制复合技术制备A356/6082层状复合板,研究浇注温度对A356/6082复合板界面组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明:当浇注温度偏高时,界面区激冷作用强烈,细小的共晶硅在界面处堆积,阻碍元素进一步扩散;当浇注温度偏低时,两种合金仅仅在轧制力作用下形成机械结合,其显微硬度值在界面附近发生突变,由82.4 HV骤降至61.5 HV;当浇注温度为660℃时,复合板界面区组织均匀,元素扩散宽度约为93μm,实现了良好的冶金结合,其剪切强度最高可达到114.2MPa;随着浇注温度的降低,复合板抗拉强度逐渐提高;当浇注温度为620℃时,其抗拉强度最大为205 MPa,断裂位置首先发生在A356铝合金一侧。
A356/6082 laminated bimetal was fabricated by liquid-solid rolling composite technique. The effects of pouring temperature on interfacial microstructure and mechanical properties of A356/6082 bimetal were studied. The results indicate that when the pouring temperature is too high, the fine eutectic silicon accumulates at the interface owing to the strong chilling effect in the interface region, hindering the further diffusion of elements. When the pouring temperature is low, only a mechanical bond forms under rolling force in the transition region between the A356 aluminum alloy and 6082 aluminum alloy. In addition, the micro-hardness value of the transition region suddenly changes from 82.4 HV to 61.5 HV. When the pouring temperature is 660 ℃, the interfacial region of bimetal achieve the good metallurgical bond. The width of element diffusion is about 96 μm and the microstructure is uniform. Moreover, the interfacial shear strength of A356/6082 bimetal can reach up to 114.2 MPa. With the decrease of pouring temperature, the ultimate tensile strength of bimetal gradually increases. When the pouring temperature is 620 ℃, the ultimate tensile strength reaches up to 205 MPa, the fracture location occurs firstly in the side of A356 aluminum alloy.
A356/6082 laminated bimetal was fabricated by liquid-solid rolling composite technique. The effects of pouring temperature on interfacial microstructure and mechanical properties of A356/6082 bimetal were studied. The results indicate that when the pouring temperature is too high, the fine eutectic silicon accumulates at the interface owing to the strong chilling effect in the interface region, hindering the further diffusion of elements. When the pouring temperature is low, only a mechanical bond forms under rolling force in the transition region between the A356 aluminum alloy and 6082 aluminum alloy. In addition, the micro-hardness value of the transition region suddenly changes from 82.4 HV to 61.5 HV. When the pouring temperature is 660 ℃, the interfacial region of bimetal achieve the good metallurgical bond. The width of element diffusion is about 96 μm and the microstructure is uniform. Moreover, the interfacial shear strength of A356/6082 bimetal can reach up to 114.2 MPa. With the decrease of pouring temperature, the ultimate tensile strength of bimetal gradually increases. When the pouring temperature is 620 ℃, the ultimate tensile strength reaches up to 205 MPa, the fracture location occurs firstly in the side of A356 aluminum alloy.
引文
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[20]JIANG W,LI G,WU Y,LIU X,FAN Z.Effect of heat treatment on bonding strength of aluminum/steel bimetal produced by a compound casting[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2018,258:239-250.
[21]李继展,付莹,接金川,赵佳雷,JOONPYO Park,JONGHO Kim,李廷举.连续铸造法制备3003/4004铝合金复层圆铸坯[J].金属学报,2013,49(3):297-302.LI Ji-zhan,FU Ying,JIE Jin-chuan,ZHAO Jia-lei,JOONPYO P,JONGHO K,LI Ting-ju.Continuous casting of the cladding 3003/4004 aluminum alloy circular ingot[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2013,49(3):297-302.
[22]LEE J H,KIM H S,WON C W,CANTOR B.Effect of the gap distance on the cooling behavior and the microstructure of indirect squeeze cast and gravity die cast 5083 wrought Al alloy[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2002,338(1):182-190.
[23]冉广,周敬恩,王永芳.铸造A356铝合金的拉伸性能及其断口分析[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2006,35(10):1620-1624.RAN Guang,ZHOU Jing-en,WANG Yong-fang.Study on tensile properties and fractography of cast A356 aluminum alloy[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2006,35(10):1620-1624.
[2]马志新,胡捷,李德富,李彦利.层状金属复合板的研究和生产现状[J].稀有金属,2003,27(6):799-803.MA Zhi-xin,HU Jie,LI De-fu,LI Yan-li.Overview of research and manufacture of layer-metal composite plate[J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metals,2003,27(6):799-803.
[3]PAPIS K J M,HALLSTEDT B,LOFFLER J,UGGOWITZER P J.Interface formation in aluminiumaluminium compound casting[J].Acta Materialia,2008,56(13):3036-3043.
[4]LIU T,WANG Q D,SUI Y D,WANG Q G,DING W J.An investigation into interface formation and mechanical properties of aluminum-copper bimetal by squeeze casting[J].Materials&Design,2016,89:1137-1146.
[5]WANG Z J,ZHAI L,MA M,YUAN H,LIU W C.Microstructure,texture and mechanical properties of Al/Al laminated composites fabricated by hot rolling[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2015,644:194-203.
[6]陈天赐,李元东,李明,孙延蓝,毕广利,蒋春宏.浇注温度对固-液轧制A356/2024板材复合界面的影响[J].特种铸造及有色合金,2018,38(3):295-299.CHEN Tian-ci,LI Yuan-dong,LI Ming,SUN Yan-lan,BIGuang-li,JIANG Chun-hong.Effect of pouring temperature on composite interface of A356/2024 sheet by solid-liquid rolling[J].Special Casting and Nonferrous Alloys,2018,38(3):295-299.
[7]HWANG W S,WU T I,SUNG W C.Effects of heat treatment on mechanical property and microstructure of aluminum/stainless steel bimetal plate[J].Journal of Engineering Materials&Technology,2012,134(1):014501.
[8]JIANG H T,YAN X Q,LIU J X,DUAN X G.Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical property of Ti-steel explosive-rolling clad plate[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2014,24(3):697-704.
[9]张红安,陈刚.铜/铝复合材料的固-液复合法制备及其界面结合机理[J].中国有色金属学报,2008,18(3):414-420.ZHANG Hong-an,CHEN Gang.Fabrication of Cu/Al compound materials by solid-liquid bonding mechanism[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2008,18(3):414-420.
[10]MACWAN A,JIANG X Q,LI C,CHEN D L.Effect of annealing on interface microstructures and tensile properties of rolled Al/Mg/Al tri-layer clad sheets[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2013,587:344-351.
[11]LIU T,WANG Q D,SUI Y D,WANG Q G,DING W J.An investigation into aluminum-aluminum bimetal fabrication by squeeze casting[J].Materials&Design,2015,68:8-17.
[12]LIU G P,WANG Q D,LIU T,YE B,JIANG H Y,DING W J.Effect of T6 heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical property of 6101/A356 bimetal fabricated by squeeze casting[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2017,696:208-215.
[13]GUAN R G,ZHAO Z Y,LI Y D,CHEN T J,XU S X,QI P X.Microstructure and properties of squeeze cast A356 alloy processed with a vibrating slope[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2016,229:514-519.
[14]李元东,杨健,马颖,曲俊峰,张鹏.浇注温度对自孕育铸造法制备AM60镁合金半固态浆料的影响(Ⅰ)[J].中国有色金属学报,2010,20(6):1046-1052.LI Yuan-dong,YANG Jian,MA Ying,QU Jun-feng,ZHANGPeng.Effect of pouring temperature on AM60 Mg alloy semi-solid slurry prepared by self-inoculation method(Ⅰ)[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2010,20(6):1046-1052.
[15]WANG S R,RU M A,WANG Y Z,WANG Y,YANG L Y.Growth mechanism of primary silicon in cast hypoeutectic Al-Si alloys[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2012,22(6):1264-1269.
[16]李明,李元东,邱谨,张继渊,毕广利,马颖.A356铝合金自孕育流变压铸过程中的凝固行为[J].中国有色金属学报,2016,26(11):2256-2266.LI Ming,LI Yuan-dong,QIU Jin,ZHANG Ji-yuan,BIGuang-li,MA Ying.Solidification behavior of A356aluminum alloy during rheo-diecasting process with self-inoculation method[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2016,26(11):2256-2266.
[17]RAGHAVAN V.Al-Fe-Mg-Si(aluminum-iron-magnesiumsilicon)[J].Journal of Phase Equilibria&Diffusion,2007,28(2):213-214.
[18]TAYLOR J A.Iron-containing intermetallic phases in Al-Si based casting alloys[J].Procedia Materials Science,2012,1(16):19-33.
[19]李增贝.Mg/Al双金属液固复合连接的研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2014.LI Zeng-bei.Study on liquid-solid composite bonding of Mg/Al bimetal[D].Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2014.
[20]JIANG W,LI G,WU Y,LIU X,FAN Z.Effect of heat treatment on bonding strength of aluminum/steel bimetal produced by a compound casting[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2018,258:239-250.
[21]李继展,付莹,接金川,赵佳雷,JOONPYO Park,JONGHO Kim,李廷举.连续铸造法制备3003/4004铝合金复层圆铸坯[J].金属学报,2013,49(3):297-302.LI Ji-zhan,FU Ying,JIE Jin-chuan,ZHAO Jia-lei,JOONPYO P,JONGHO K,LI Ting-ju.Continuous casting of the cladding 3003/4004 aluminum alloy circular ingot[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2013,49(3):297-302.
[22]LEE J H,KIM H S,WON C W,CANTOR B.Effect of the gap distance on the cooling behavior and the microstructure of indirect squeeze cast and gravity die cast 5083 wrought Al alloy[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2002,338(1):182-190.
[23]冉广,周敬恩,王永芳.铸造A356铝合金的拉伸性能及其断口分析[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2006,35(10):1620-1624.RAN Guang,ZHOU Jing-en,WANG Yong-fang.Study on tensile properties and fractography of cast A356 aluminum alloy[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2006,35(10):1620-1624.