四川甘孜甲基卡锂矿地质—地球化学特征和找矿标志
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摘要
通过对四川甘孜州甲基卡新三(X03)号脉锂矿地质矿产特征及所处区域、矿区的地球化学特征分析,初步总结了甲基卡锂矿的地质—地球化学特征和标志,以期为甲基卡矿田外围及同类型矿床的找矿提供技术示范。工作区内地层仅出露三叠系和第四系,且第四系覆盖达80%以上,找矿难度较大。锂(Li)、铍(Be)、铷(Rb)、铯(Cs)等稀有金属元素比重较小,化学活性强,尤其是锂易被粘土矿物吸附,故在土壤中锂含量增高,易形成次生晕,通过开展大比例尺土壤地球化学找矿工作,能迅速缩小找矿范围,圈定靶区,为发现稀有金属矿床起到重要的作用。
The Jiajika lithium deposit is located in the Songpan-Garze orogenic belt of the Tibetan Plateau,lying in the middle part of the central fold-nappe zone of the Yajiang passive continental margin as well as the Yajiang tectonic-magmatic dome-like metamorphic body group. In this paper,the geological-geochemical prospecting model of the Jiajika lithium deposit is summarized,providing a demonstration for the prospecting of the periphery and the same type deposits in the Jiajika orefield. The exposed strata in this area are only Triassic and Quaternary sediments,and the Quaternary cover is more than 80%,which increases the difficulty to explore REE ore deposits. Lithium( Li),beryllium( Be),rubidium( Rb),cesium( Cs) and other rare metal elements possess a relatively small proportion with strong chemical activities,and lithium especially tends to be adsorbed on clay minerals,resulting in increasing lithium content in soil and easily forming secondary halos. By carrying out large-scale geochemical prospecting in subscale soil,the prospecting range can be rapidly reduced and the target areas can be delineated,which plays an important role in the discovery of rare metal deposits.
The Jiajika lithium deposit is located in the Songpan-Garze orogenic belt of the Tibetan Plateau,lying in the middle part of the central fold-nappe zone of the Yajiang passive continental margin as well as the Yajiang tectonic-magmatic dome-like metamorphic body group. In this paper,the geological-geochemical prospecting model of the Jiajika lithium deposit is summarized,providing a demonstration for the prospecting of the periphery and the same type deposits in the Jiajika orefield. The exposed strata in this area are only Triassic and Quaternary sediments,and the Quaternary cover is more than 80%,which increases the difficulty to explore REE ore deposits. Lithium( Li),beryllium( Be),rubidium( Rb),cesium( Cs) and other rare metal elements possess a relatively small proportion with strong chemical activities,and lithium especially tends to be adsorbed on clay minerals,resulting in increasing lithium content in soil and easily forming secondary halos. By carrying out large-scale geochemical prospecting in subscale soil,the prospecting range can be rapidly reduced and the target areas can be delineated,which plays an important role in the discovery of rare metal deposits.
引文
[1]付小方,侯立玮,王登红,等.四川甘孜甲基卡锂辉石矿矿产调查评价成果[J].中国地质调查,2014(3):37-43.
[2]黄仕超,王粘非,王小虎.四川甘孜藏族自治州101矿区化探工作有效性试验报告[R].四川省地质局物探大队三一二队,1962.
[3]付小方,袁蔺平,王登红,等.四川甲基卡矿田新三号稀有金属矿脉的成矿特征与勘查模型[J].矿床地质,2015(6):1172-1186.
[4]许志琴,侯立玮,王宗秀,等.中国松潘—甘孜造山带的造山过程[M].北京:地质出版社,1992.
[5]侯立玮,付小方.松潘—甘孜造山带东缘穹隆状变质地质体[M].成都:四川大学出版社,2002.
[6]郝雪峰,付小方,梁斌,等.川西甲基卡花岗岩和新三号矿脉的形成时代及意义[J].矿床地质,2015,34(6):1199-1208.
[7]唐国凡,吴盛先.四川省康定县甲基卡花岗伟晶岩锂矿床地质研究报告[R].四川省地质局攀西地质大队,1984.
[8]卢嘉陵. 1∶20万康定幅第二轮区域水系沉积物调查报告[R].四川省地质调查院,1993.
[9]刘波,乔宝成,李海东.综合物化探方法在哈拉河铅锌矿区勘查中的应用[J].物探与化探,2014,38(2):261-267.
[10]付小方.四川甘孜州甲基卡地区发现超大型稀有锂辉石矿床.中国地质调查成果快讯[N/OL].国土资源部中国地质调查局编印2016.02(17-18).:1-6.[2017-06-08]. http://www.cgs.gov.cn/xwl/cgkx/201706/t20170606_431714.html.
[11]师磊.区域地球化学勘查数据处理方法研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2009.
[12]时永志,李凯成.综合物化探方法在地质找矿“攻深找盲”中的应用[J].物探与化探,2014,38(5):910-915.
[13]《中国矿床发现史·四川卷》编委会.中国矿床发现史·四川卷[M].北京:地质出版社,1996:116-118.
[14]魏复盛,陈静生,吴燕玉,等.中国土壤环境背景值研究[J].环境科学,1991,12(4):12-20.
[2]黄仕超,王粘非,王小虎.四川甘孜藏族自治州101矿区化探工作有效性试验报告[R].四川省地质局物探大队三一二队,1962.
[3]付小方,袁蔺平,王登红,等.四川甲基卡矿田新三号稀有金属矿脉的成矿特征与勘查模型[J].矿床地质,2015(6):1172-1186.
[4]许志琴,侯立玮,王宗秀,等.中国松潘—甘孜造山带的造山过程[M].北京:地质出版社,1992.
[5]侯立玮,付小方.松潘—甘孜造山带东缘穹隆状变质地质体[M].成都:四川大学出版社,2002.
[6]郝雪峰,付小方,梁斌,等.川西甲基卡花岗岩和新三号矿脉的形成时代及意义[J].矿床地质,2015,34(6):1199-1208.
[7]唐国凡,吴盛先.四川省康定县甲基卡花岗伟晶岩锂矿床地质研究报告[R].四川省地质局攀西地质大队,1984.
[8]卢嘉陵. 1∶20万康定幅第二轮区域水系沉积物调查报告[R].四川省地质调查院,1993.
[9]刘波,乔宝成,李海东.综合物化探方法在哈拉河铅锌矿区勘查中的应用[J].物探与化探,2014,38(2):261-267.
[10]付小方.四川甘孜州甲基卡地区发现超大型稀有锂辉石矿床.中国地质调查成果快讯[N/OL].国土资源部中国地质调查局编印2016.02(17-18).:1-6.[2017-06-08]. http://www.cgs.gov.cn/xwl/cgkx/201706/t20170606_431714.html.
[11]师磊.区域地球化学勘查数据处理方法研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2009.
[12]时永志,李凯成.综合物化探方法在地质找矿“攻深找盲”中的应用[J].物探与化探,2014,38(5):910-915.
[13]《中国矿床发现史·四川卷》编委会.中国矿床发现史·四川卷[M].北京:地质出版社,1996:116-118.
[14]魏复盛,陈静生,吴燕玉,等.中国土壤环境背景值研究[J].环境科学,1991,12(4):12-20.