基于超级电容储能与电压型变流器的电梯能量回收系统效率优化控制策略
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摘要
为提高电梯制动能量回收系统的效率,针对四象限电压型变流器(VSC)小功率下效率低的弊端,提出结合超级电容储能的电梯电机能量回收系统的效率优化控制策略。系统通过VSC统一进行能量管理,消除了引入双向DC-DC变流器带来的开关损耗和滤波电感损耗,同时根据负载功率的不同情况来选择性地开启、关闭VSC,从而使系统始终运行在效率最优的状态中。由于VSC对超级电容的功率进行了限制、分流,因此避免了其他文献中出现的储能器端压变化大、容易超出范围的问题,增大了超级电容的利用率。最终通过模拟电梯系统负载的仿真和对照实验证明了该控制策略的可行性与稳定性,比单一四象限变流器能量回收系统的效率提高2.7%~23.2%。
In order to improve the efficiency of the elevator energy recovery system especially when the system is running in low power load,an optimal efficiency control strategy,which is based on super capacitors storage and VSC,is proposed. Because the power management of the elevator energy recovery system is all done by VSC module,the bi-directional DC-DC is no longer needed in normal operation. And therefore,the energy losses of switches and inductor filters are avoided. And VSC is turned on and off in accordance with the change of load power. Therefore,the system is always running in the most energy-efficient state. Meanwhile,because the load current of capacitor is well controlled and is split by VSC,the terminal voltage is easily controlled within the operational range. At last,the simulation and the experiment results verify the feasibility and stability of the control strategy,and about 2. 7% to 13. 9% more energy is saved than VSC working alone.
In order to improve the efficiency of the elevator energy recovery system especially when the system is running in low power load,an optimal efficiency control strategy,which is based on super capacitors storage and VSC,is proposed. Because the power management of the elevator energy recovery system is all done by VSC module,the bi-directional DC-DC is no longer needed in normal operation. And therefore,the energy losses of switches and inductor filters are avoided. And VSC is turned on and off in accordance with the change of load power. Therefore,the system is always running in the most energy-efficient state. Meanwhile,because the load current of capacitor is well controlled and is split by VSC,the terminal voltage is easily controlled within the operational range. At last,the simulation and the experiment results verify the feasibility and stability of the control strategy,and about 2. 7% to 13. 9% more energy is saved than VSC working alone.
引文
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[5]王司博,韦统振,齐智平(Wang Sibo,Wei Tongzhen,Qi Zhiping).超级电容器储能的节能系统研究(Energy saving system based on supercapacitor)[J].中国电机工程学报(Proceedings of the CSEE),2010,30(9):105-110.
[6]单任仲,肖湘宁,尹忠东,等(Shan Renzhong,Xiao Xiangning,Yin Zhongdong,et al.).能量回馈型电力电子负载的控制方法(Control method of energy feedback power electronic load)[J].中国电机工程学报(Proceedings of the CSEE),2010,30(18):62-66.
[7]刁利军,刘志刚,郝荣泰,等(Diao Lijun,Liu Zhigang,Hao Rongtai,et al.).能量回馈式PWM整流器并网的工程设计方法(Engineering design techniques of energy-fed PWM rectifier connected to AC mains)[J].电工技术学报(Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society),2005,20(11):75-79.
[8]洪小圆(Hong Xiaoyuan).基于永磁同步电机的电梯运动控制研究(Research on elevator motion control based on permanent magnet synchronous motor)[D].杭州:浙江大学(Hangzhou:Zhejiang University),2012.
[9]瞿博(Qu Bo).带超级电容的馈能型电梯能量管理研究(Research on regenerative elevator with supercapacitor-based energy storage system)[D].杭州:浙江大学(Hangzhou:Zhejiang University),2010.
[10]Spyker R L,Nelms R M.Classical equivalent circuit parameters for a double-layer capacitor[J].IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems,2000,36(3):829-836.
[11]胡建辉,李锦庚,邹继斌,等(Hu Jianhui,Li Jingeng,Zou Jibin,et al.).变频器中的IGBT模块损耗计算及散热系统设计(Losses calculation of IGBT module and heat dissipation system design of inverters)[J].电工技术学报(Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society),2009,24(3):159-163.
[12]马柯(Ma Ke).逆变器效率提升方案研究(Research on schemes to improve the power inverter's efficiency)[D].杭州:浙江大学(Hangzhou:Zhejiang University),2010.
[13]李敏(Li Min).光伏交网逆变器效率优化研究(The study on efficiency optimazation of grid-connected PV inverter)[D].杭州:浙江大学(Hangzhou:Zhejiang University),2011.
[14]徐德鸿(Xu Dehong).电力电子系统建模及控制(Modeling and control of power electronic systems)[M].北京:机械工业出版社(Beijing:China Machine Press),2006.