主链节型聚季铵盐污泥脱水剂的合成与应用
|
摘要
选用二甲胺和二氯乙烷为原料合成主链节型聚季铵盐污泥脱水剂,通过优化反应温度、反应时间、原料浓度和溶剂配比等反应条件提高原料转化率。最佳合成工艺条件为:反应温度60℃,反应时间12 h,原料浓度3 mol/L,水与乙醇的体积比2∶1。采用红外光谱和元素分析对聚季铵盐结构进行表征,并对活性污泥测试产品脱水性能。聚季铵盐与阳离子淀粉复配比例为1∶4、污泥脱水剂投加量为50 mg/L时,复合污泥脱水剂效果最佳。
Dimethylamine and dichloroethane were used as raw materials to synthesize main chain polyquaternium as sludge dehydrating agent. The conversing efficiency of raw materials to desired product was improved by optimizing the reaction conditions such as reaction temperature and time, concentration and solvent ratio of reaction medium. The optimal conditions were 60 ℃ reaction temperature, 3 mol/L concentration of raw material, 2∶1 volume ratio of solvent, reaction time of 12 h. The structure of polyquaternium was characterized by FT-IR and elemental analysis, and their dehydration performance to activated sludge was also tested. When the polyquaternium was combined with cationic starch of 1∶4 mass ratio and 50 mg/L dosage of sludge, the dewatering ability of complex dewatering agents was best.
Dimethylamine and dichloroethane were used as raw materials to synthesize main chain polyquaternium as sludge dehydrating agent. The conversing efficiency of raw materials to desired product was improved by optimizing the reaction conditions such as reaction temperature and time, concentration and solvent ratio of reaction medium. The optimal conditions were 60 ℃ reaction temperature, 3 mol/L concentration of raw material, 2∶1 volume ratio of solvent, reaction time of 12 h. The structure of polyquaternium was characterized by FT-IR and elemental analysis, and their dehydration performance to activated sludge was also tested. When the polyquaternium was combined with cationic starch of 1∶4 mass ratio and 50 mg/L dosage of sludge, the dewatering ability of complex dewatering agents was best.
引文
[1] 张丽丽,李花粉,苏德纯.我国城市污水处理厂污泥中重金属分布特征及变化规律[J].环境科学研究,2013,26(3):313-314.
[2] 杜彬,侯宏良.我国城市污水处理面临的问题及解决对策[J].环境保护与循环经济,2011(4):73-75.
[3] UCGETTI E,LORENS E,PEDESCOLL A,et al.Sludge dewatering and stabilization in drying reed beds:characterization of three full-scale systems in Catalonia,Spain[J].Bioresource Technology,2009,100(17):3882-3884.
[4] 王强,吴悦颖,文宇立,等.中国污水处理设施建设现状与存在问题研究[J].环境污染与防治,2015,37(3):94-95.
[5] OHM T I,CHAE J S,KIM J E,et al.A study on the dewatering of industrial waste sludge by fry-drying technology[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2009,168(1):445-450.
[6] CHENG H L,SUN Y J,ZHU C J,et al.UV-initiated polymerization of hydrophobically associating cationic flocculants:synthesis,characterization,and dewatering properties[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2013,234:318-321
[7] REN H,LI Y,ZHANG S W,et al.Flocculation of kaolin suspension with the adsorption of N,N-disubstituted hydrophobically modified polyacrylamide[J].Colloids and Surfaces,2008,317(1):388-341.
[8] 李雯,李继茂,门奇,等.聚季铵盐型黏土稳定剂的合成及防膨性能[J].石油化工应用,2016,35(9):149-152.
[9] 刘力华.新型聚季铵盐与聚合硫酸铁复合絮凝剂合成及其基础理论与应用研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2004.
[10] ZHANG L,LV X,ZHU Y J,et al.Synthesis and properties of new polymeric surfactant with quaternary ammonium salt [J].Colloid and Polymer Science,2011,289(14):1579-1582.
[11] CUMMING J,HAWKER D,CHAPMAN H,et al.The Fate of polymeric quaternary ammonium salts from cosmetics in wastewater treatment plants[J].Water,Air,& Soil Pollution,2011,216(1/2/3/4):441-450.
[2] 杜彬,侯宏良.我国城市污水处理面临的问题及解决对策[J].环境保护与循环经济,2011(4):73-75.
[3] UCGETTI E,LORENS E,PEDESCOLL A,et al.Sludge dewatering and stabilization in drying reed beds:characterization of three full-scale systems in Catalonia,Spain[J].Bioresource Technology,2009,100(17):3882-3884.
[4] 王强,吴悦颖,文宇立,等.中国污水处理设施建设现状与存在问题研究[J].环境污染与防治,2015,37(3):94-95.
[5] OHM T I,CHAE J S,KIM J E,et al.A study on the dewatering of industrial waste sludge by fry-drying technology[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2009,168(1):445-450.
[6] CHENG H L,SUN Y J,ZHU C J,et al.UV-initiated polymerization of hydrophobically associating cationic flocculants:synthesis,characterization,and dewatering properties[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2013,234:318-321
[7] REN H,LI Y,ZHANG S W,et al.Flocculation of kaolin suspension with the adsorption of N,N-disubstituted hydrophobically modified polyacrylamide[J].Colloids and Surfaces,2008,317(1):388-341.
[8] 李雯,李继茂,门奇,等.聚季铵盐型黏土稳定剂的合成及防膨性能[J].石油化工应用,2016,35(9):149-152.
[9] 刘力华.新型聚季铵盐与聚合硫酸铁复合絮凝剂合成及其基础理论与应用研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2004.
[10] ZHANG L,LV X,ZHU Y J,et al.Synthesis and properties of new polymeric surfactant with quaternary ammonium salt [J].Colloid and Polymer Science,2011,289(14):1579-1582.
[11] CUMMING J,HAWKER D,CHAPMAN H,et al.The Fate of polymeric quaternary ammonium salts from cosmetics in wastewater treatment plants[J].Water,Air,& Soil Pollution,2011,216(1/2/3/4):441-450.