叶片气膜孔加工与测量技术的现状及发展趋势
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摘要
高推重比航空发动机普遍采用气膜冷却技术,叶片气膜冷却孔的加工精度直接影响发动机效能。气膜冷却孔具有孔径小、数量多、深径比高、空间角度复杂的特点,其加工难度大、成形精度要求高。针对当前国外对叶片气膜孔加工技术与装备的严格保密,以及国内气膜孔加工中存在的几何精度偏低、质量不稳定的现状,对气膜孔加工的现状及发展趋势进行归纳总结,为气膜孔加工技术与装备的发展提供参考。首先,概述了叶片气膜孔精确加工的必要性及其重要性,分别介绍了现有气膜孔的加工方法,分析了当前加工方法存在的问题与面临的挑战。鉴于气膜孔精密测量的需要,介绍了现有的气膜孔测量技术。最后,根据气膜孔加工与测量的技术现状及关键核心问题指出了气膜孔加工与测量技术的发展趋势。
Turbine film cooling technology is widely used in high thrust-weight ratio aero engine nowadays, so the accuracy in manufacturing of turbine film cooling holes will directly affect the performance of the engine. The film cooling micro-hole has the characteristics of small diameter, high quantity, high depth-diameter ratio, and complex spatial angle, which has a complicated fabrication processes and high precision requirements. The drilling technology and equipment for film cooling holes abroad are strictly kept secret, while, there is still a fact that the low forming and unsteady quality of film cooling holes produced domestically. Therefore, it is of necessity to make a summary of the current situation and development trend of producing film cooling holes for turbine blade to provide a reference for the development of film cooling hole manufacturing technology and its equipment. In this paper, the necessity and importance of the film cooling hole accuracy are summarized and the state-of-the-art manufacturing technologies for producing drilled cooling holes are analyzed, and then, the research content and the solution to the key problems for the film cooling hole drilling technology are proposed based on the analysis. Moreover, in view of the need for precise measurement of the film cooling holes, the existing film cooling hole measurement technology is introduced. Finally, the development trend of drilling and measuring film cooling hole of the hollow turbine blade is generalized according to their technical status and key problems.
Turbine film cooling technology is widely used in high thrust-weight ratio aero engine nowadays, so the accuracy in manufacturing of turbine film cooling holes will directly affect the performance of the engine. The film cooling micro-hole has the characteristics of small diameter, high quantity, high depth-diameter ratio, and complex spatial angle, which has a complicated fabrication processes and high precision requirements. The drilling technology and equipment for film cooling holes abroad are strictly kept secret, while, there is still a fact that the low forming and unsteady quality of film cooling holes produced domestically. Therefore, it is of necessity to make a summary of the current situation and development trend of producing film cooling holes for turbine blade to provide a reference for the development of film cooling hole manufacturing technology and its equipment. In this paper, the necessity and importance of the film cooling hole accuracy are summarized and the state-of-the-art manufacturing technologies for producing drilled cooling holes are analyzed, and then, the research content and the solution to the key problems for the film cooling hole drilling technology are proposed based on the analysis. Moreover, in view of the need for precise measurement of the film cooling holes, the existing film cooling hole measurement technology is introduced. Finally, the development trend of drilling and measuring film cooling hole of the hollow turbine blade is generalized according to their technical status and key problems.
引文
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