熔融浸渍及界面结合对连续玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料性能的影响
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摘要
熔融浸渍技术一直是制备连续玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的主流技术。然而,聚丙烯熔体流动性低、黏度高以及树脂与玻璃纤维相容性较差的问题限制了它的广泛应用。针对这些技术难题,一方面,采用负载了2,5-二甲基-2,5-二(叔丁基过氧基)己烷的聚丙烯粒子(MB-CR PP)为断链剂,提高聚丙烯流动性;另一方面,使用相容剂马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)来改善连续玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的界面结合强度。结果表明,使用MB-CR PP能够降低聚丙烯分子量,大幅提高其流动性,可以使熔融树脂与玻璃纤维浸渍更加充分,并降低连续玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的孔隙率,从而在一定程度上改善复合材料的力学性能。当MB-CR PP在树脂体系中含量为0. 4%时,复合材料的力学性能达到最优。进一步提高其用量会明显降低聚丙烯的力学性能,从而导致复合材料力学性能下降。此外,当相容剂用量从0%增加到2. 5%时,复合材料的界面结合强度明显改善,力学性能也有较大提高,但进一步提高相容剂用量对复合材料力学性能的改善效果就不明显。
Melt impregnation process was the mainstream technology to prepare continuous glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composites at present. However,the characteristics of polypropylene,which are high viscosity and low liquidity, and poor compatibility between resin and glass fiber, limit its wide spread application. In order to overcome these limitations,on the one hand,2,5-dimethyl-2,5-bis( tetrabutyl-peroxy) hexane embedded polypropylene( MB-CR PP) as chain-scission initiator was used to improve the liquidity of polypropylene. On the other hand,maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene( PP-g-MAH)was selected as compatilizer to enhance interface bonding strength of the composite. The results show that the molecular weight of polypropylene could decrease and its liquidity is significantly enhanced with the introduction of organic peroxide. In addition, the porosity of the continuous glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composites could decrease and as the increase of the content,the mechanical properties of the composite could be improved to some extent. When the content of MB-CR PP could achieve 0. 4 wt%,the mechanical properties of composite are optimal. And the mechanical properties of polypropylene and composite could decrease with more MB-CR PP addition. Otherwise,when the content of compatibilizer increases from 0to 2. 5wt%,the interface bonding strength of composite could be improved distinctly,and the mechanical properties of composite are enhanced. However,there are no differences to the mechanical properties of composite with further compatibilizer addition.
Melt impregnation process was the mainstream technology to prepare continuous glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composites at present. However,the characteristics of polypropylene,which are high viscosity and low liquidity, and poor compatibility between resin and glass fiber, limit its wide spread application. In order to overcome these limitations,on the one hand,2,5-dimethyl-2,5-bis( tetrabutyl-peroxy) hexane embedded polypropylene( MB-CR PP) as chain-scission initiator was used to improve the liquidity of polypropylene. On the other hand,maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene( PP-g-MAH)was selected as compatilizer to enhance interface bonding strength of the composite. The results show that the molecular weight of polypropylene could decrease and its liquidity is significantly enhanced with the introduction of organic peroxide. In addition, the porosity of the continuous glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composites could decrease and as the increase of the content,the mechanical properties of the composite could be improved to some extent. When the content of MB-CR PP could achieve 0. 4 wt%,the mechanical properties of composite are optimal. And the mechanical properties of polypropylene and composite could decrease with more MB-CR PP addition. Otherwise,when the content of compatibilizer increases from 0to 2. 5wt%,the interface bonding strength of composite could be improved distinctly,and the mechanical properties of composite are enhanced. However,there are no differences to the mechanical properties of composite with further compatibilizer addition.
引文
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[13]杨建军,何亚东,张志成,等.纳米Si O2和PP-g-MAH对玻纤增强PP复合材料性能的影响[J].玻璃钢/复合材料,2016(9):49-54.
[14]唐可,信春玲,张聪,等.PP-g-MAH对连续纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料性能影响的研究[J].塑料工业,2015,43(12):83-86.
[15]张志谦,龙军,刘立洵,等.玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料界面改性研究[J].宇航材料工艺,2002,32(4):28-31.
[16]张晓东,柴振中,杨涛,等.无气味高接枝率马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯的制备与应用[J].塑料工业,2009,37(2):62-66.
[17]魏来,兰修才,李谦,等.相容剂和玻纤含量对无卤阻燃增强聚丙烯材料性能影响的研究[J].塑料工业,20016,44(8):120-126.
[18]余剑英,周祖福,闻荻江,等.纤维表面处理与基体改性对连续玻纤增强聚丙烯力学性能的影响[J].复合材料学报,2000,17(3):6-10.
[2]MAJEWSKY M,BITTER H,EICHE E,et al.Determination of microplastic polyethylene(PE)and polypropylene(PP)in environmental samples using thermal analysis(TGA-DSC)[J].Sci Total Environ,2016,568(40):507-511.
[3]谭艺蓓,倪爱清,陈宏达,等.吸水对连续玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的力学性能影响的研究[J].玻璃钢/复合材料,2017(10):72-78.
[4]连荣炳,徐名智,李强,等.玻纤增强聚丙烯复合材料性能研究[J].塑料科技,2008,36(8):40-44.
[5]SCHEMME M.LFT-development status and perspectives[J].Reinf Plast,2008,52(1):32-39.
[6]杨诗润,梁珊,罗筑,等.长玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的力学性能研究[J].塑料工业,2016,40(6):37-40.
[7]周翔,薛平,贾明印,等.连续玻璃纤维增强层合片材制备及力学性能研究[J].塑料工业,2014,42(11):75-79.
[8]方立,周晓东,吴忠泉,等.连续玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合板材的性能研究[J].工程塑料应用,2012,40(12):12-15.
[9]李莹,鑫春玲,曹敏华,等.连续玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯预浸带熔融预浸过程[J].复合材料学报,2018,35(5):1080-1086.
[10]李浩,邵将,张玡珂,等.连续玻璃纤维/丙纶纤维混纺织物增强聚丙烯复合材料模压成型工艺[J].塑料工业,2017,45(11):134-138.
[11]古平,李延亮,李丽,等.可控流变共聚PP的制备工艺及力学性能[J].合成树脂及塑料,2007,22(2):48-51.
[12]许小芳,申世杰.硅烷偶联剂处理玻璃纤维对复合材料界面的影响[J].宇航材料工艺,2010,40(3):5-8.
[13]杨建军,何亚东,张志成,等.纳米Si O2和PP-g-MAH对玻纤增强PP复合材料性能的影响[J].玻璃钢/复合材料,2016(9):49-54.
[14]唐可,信春玲,张聪,等.PP-g-MAH对连续纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料性能影响的研究[J].塑料工业,2015,43(12):83-86.
[15]张志谦,龙军,刘立洵,等.玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料界面改性研究[J].宇航材料工艺,2002,32(4):28-31.
[16]张晓东,柴振中,杨涛,等.无气味高接枝率马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯的制备与应用[J].塑料工业,2009,37(2):62-66.
[17]魏来,兰修才,李谦,等.相容剂和玻纤含量对无卤阻燃增强聚丙烯材料性能影响的研究[J].塑料工业,20016,44(8):120-126.
[18]余剑英,周祖福,闻荻江,等.纤维表面处理与基体改性对连续玻纤增强聚丙烯力学性能的影响[J].复合材料学报,2000,17(3):6-10.