叶片覆冰对抗冰冻机组疲劳载荷的影响研究
|
摘要
风电机组叶片覆冰后叶片质量增加、翼型气动性能变化,引起风轮质量不平衡与气动不平衡。机组的载荷特性发生变化,将对关键部件的疲劳载荷产生影响,进而影响机组的安全性与可靠性。文章依据IEC标准对覆冰工况的要求,在考虑叶片覆冰后叶片质量与气动性能变化的基础上,提出两种不同的寿命周期,来研究叶片覆冰状态及覆冰时间对风电机组关键部件等效疲劳载荷的影响,结果表明叶片不均匀覆冰、覆冰时间及低温环境空气密度对机组关键部件疲劳载荷有较大影响。
The weight of blades is increased and the aerodynamic performance of airfoil is changed when the wind turbines operat under the conditions of icing blades. The safety and reliability of wind turbines can be effected when the mass imbalance and aerodynamic imbalance cause the changing of the loads and inlfluence the fatigue loads of critical components. According to the IEC standard and considering the change of blades mass and performance of the airfoil,the fatigue loads of critical components under different status and time of blades iced were researched. The results show that the uneven ice-coat,the icing time and the air density in low-temperaute environment have significance influence for the loads of wind turbine.
The weight of blades is increased and the aerodynamic performance of airfoil is changed when the wind turbines operat under the conditions of icing blades. The safety and reliability of wind turbines can be effected when the mass imbalance and aerodynamic imbalance cause the changing of the loads and inlfluence the fatigue loads of critical components. According to the IEC standard and considering the change of blades mass and performance of the airfoil,the fatigue loads of critical components under different status and time of blades iced were researched. The results show that the uneven ice-coat,the icing time and the air density in low-temperaute environment have significance influence for the loads of wind turbine.
引文
[1]王聪,黄洁亭,张勇,等.风电机组叶片结冰研究现状与发展[J].电力建设,2014,35(2):70-75.[1]Wang Cong,Huang Jieting,Zhang Yong,et al.Status and advance in research on blade icing of wind turbines[J].Electric Power Construction,2014,35(2):70-75.
[2]王伟,侯学杰,管晓颖,等.风电叶片除冰技术的研究进展[J].玻璃钢/复合材料,2014(1):90-93.[2]Wang Wei,Hou Xuejie,Guan Xiaoying,et al.Research and development on de-icing technology of wind turbine blade[J].FRP/CM,2014(1):90-93.
[3]马茜,张宇昌,张胜寒,等.风机叶片防覆冰涂料的进展与研究[J].华北电力技术,2013(8):47-50.[3]Ma Qian,Zhang Yuchang,Zhang Shenghan,et al.Progress and research of the fan blade anti-icing coating[J].North China Electric Power,2013(8):47-50.
[4]孙鹏,王峰,康智俊.低温对风力发电机组运行影响分析[J].内蒙古电力技术,2008,26(5):8-17.[4]Sun Peng,Wang Feng,Kang Zhijun.Analysis of low temperature influence to wind turbine operation[J].Inner Mongolia Electric Power,2008,26(5):8-17.
[5]张聘亭,杨涛,卢绪祥.覆冰对风力机专用翼型气动性能影响的数值研究[J].动力工程学报,2011,31(12):955-959.[5]Zhang Pinting,Yang Tao,Lu Xuxiang.Influence of icing pattern on aerodynamic performance of wind turbine airfoils[J].Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering,2011,31(12):955-959.
[6]谭海辉,李录平,朱益军,等.覆冰对风力机动力特性影响的有限元分析[J].可再生能源,2010,28(4):33-38.[6]Tan Haihui,Li Luping,Zhu Yijun,et al.The finite element analysis on the influence of icing on the dynamic performance of wind turbine[J].Renewable Energy Resources,2010,28(4):33-38.
[7]何玉林,李俊,董明洪,等.冰载对风力机性能影响的研究[J].太阳能学报,2012,33(9):1490-1496.[7]He Yulin,Li Jun,Dong Minghong,et al.Research on the effect of wind turbine performance under icing conditions[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2012,33(9):1490-1496.
[8]孙少华,徐洪雷,符鹏程,等.叶片覆冰对风电机组的影响[J].风能,2014(9):100-103.[8]Sun Shaohua,Xu Honglei,Fu Pengcheng,et al.The influence of blade icing on the wind turbine[J].Wind Energy,2014(9):100-103.
[9]Raja M Imran,D M Akbar Hussain.An experimental analysis of the effect of icing on wind turbine rotor blades[J].IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition(T&D),2016,1975(2-3):1-5.
[10]Andrea G Kraj,Eric L Bibeau.Phases of icing on wind turbine blades characterized by ice accumulation[J].Renewable Energy,2010,35(5):966-972.
[11]Carlos Quiterio Gómez Muoz,Fausto Pedro García Márquez,Juan Manuel Sánchez Tomás.Ice detection using thermal infrared radiometry on wind turbine blades[J].Measurement,2016,93:157-163.
[12]S Barber,Y Wang,S Jafari,et al.The impact of ice formation on wind turbine performance and aerodynamics[J].Journal of Solar Engergy Engineering,2011,133(1):311-328.
[13]IEC 61400-1-1999,Wind Turbines Generator Systems-Part 1:Safety Requirements(1999)[S].
[14]Guideline for The Certification of Wind Turbine[M].Hamburg:Germanischer Lloyd Wind Engergie Gmb H,2003.
[15]Addy H E.Ice accretions and icing effects for modern airfoils[R].Washington:NASA/TP,2000.
[16]Clement Hochart,Guy Fortin,Jean Perron,et al.Wind turbine performance under icing conditions[J].Wind Energy,2008,11(4):319-333.
[17]Addy,Harlod E,Andy P Broeren,et al.A wind tunnel study of icing effects on a business jet airfoil[R].Washington:NASA/TM,2000.
[18]Busch G T,Broeren A P,Bragg M B.Aerodynamic simulation of a horn-ice accretion on a subscale model[J].Journal of Aircraft,2008,45(2):604-613.
[2]王伟,侯学杰,管晓颖,等.风电叶片除冰技术的研究进展[J].玻璃钢/复合材料,2014(1):90-93.[2]Wang Wei,Hou Xuejie,Guan Xiaoying,et al.Research and development on de-icing technology of wind turbine blade[J].FRP/CM,2014(1):90-93.
[3]马茜,张宇昌,张胜寒,等.风机叶片防覆冰涂料的进展与研究[J].华北电力技术,2013(8):47-50.[3]Ma Qian,Zhang Yuchang,Zhang Shenghan,et al.Progress and research of the fan blade anti-icing coating[J].North China Electric Power,2013(8):47-50.
[4]孙鹏,王峰,康智俊.低温对风力发电机组运行影响分析[J].内蒙古电力技术,2008,26(5):8-17.[4]Sun Peng,Wang Feng,Kang Zhijun.Analysis of low temperature influence to wind turbine operation[J].Inner Mongolia Electric Power,2008,26(5):8-17.
[5]张聘亭,杨涛,卢绪祥.覆冰对风力机专用翼型气动性能影响的数值研究[J].动力工程学报,2011,31(12):955-959.[5]Zhang Pinting,Yang Tao,Lu Xuxiang.Influence of icing pattern on aerodynamic performance of wind turbine airfoils[J].Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering,2011,31(12):955-959.
[6]谭海辉,李录平,朱益军,等.覆冰对风力机动力特性影响的有限元分析[J].可再生能源,2010,28(4):33-38.[6]Tan Haihui,Li Luping,Zhu Yijun,et al.The finite element analysis on the influence of icing on the dynamic performance of wind turbine[J].Renewable Energy Resources,2010,28(4):33-38.
[7]何玉林,李俊,董明洪,等.冰载对风力机性能影响的研究[J].太阳能学报,2012,33(9):1490-1496.[7]He Yulin,Li Jun,Dong Minghong,et al.Research on the effect of wind turbine performance under icing conditions[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2012,33(9):1490-1496.
[8]孙少华,徐洪雷,符鹏程,等.叶片覆冰对风电机组的影响[J].风能,2014(9):100-103.[8]Sun Shaohua,Xu Honglei,Fu Pengcheng,et al.The influence of blade icing on the wind turbine[J].Wind Energy,2014(9):100-103.
[9]Raja M Imran,D M Akbar Hussain.An experimental analysis of the effect of icing on wind turbine rotor blades[J].IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition(T&D),2016,1975(2-3):1-5.
[10]Andrea G Kraj,Eric L Bibeau.Phases of icing on wind turbine blades characterized by ice accumulation[J].Renewable Energy,2010,35(5):966-972.
[11]Carlos Quiterio Gómez Muoz,Fausto Pedro García Márquez,Juan Manuel Sánchez Tomás.Ice detection using thermal infrared radiometry on wind turbine blades[J].Measurement,2016,93:157-163.
[12]S Barber,Y Wang,S Jafari,et al.The impact of ice formation on wind turbine performance and aerodynamics[J].Journal of Solar Engergy Engineering,2011,133(1):311-328.
[13]IEC 61400-1-1999,Wind Turbines Generator Systems-Part 1:Safety Requirements(1999)[S].
[14]Guideline for The Certification of Wind Turbine[M].Hamburg:Germanischer Lloyd Wind Engergie Gmb H,2003.
[15]Addy H E.Ice accretions and icing effects for modern airfoils[R].Washington:NASA/TP,2000.
[16]Clement Hochart,Guy Fortin,Jean Perron,et al.Wind turbine performance under icing conditions[J].Wind Energy,2008,11(4):319-333.
[17]Addy,Harlod E,Andy P Broeren,et al.A wind tunnel study of icing effects on a business jet airfoil[R].Washington:NASA/TM,2000.
[18]Busch G T,Broeren A P,Bragg M B.Aerodynamic simulation of a horn-ice accretion on a subscale model[J].Journal of Aircraft,2008,45(2):604-613.